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Background: Ranibizumab and aflibercept are approved in Italy for the anti-VEGF (vascular-endothelial-growth-factor) treatment of four retinal diseases: neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). The objective was to gather information about their utilization in a real-world setting of an Italian hospital. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at San Raffaele Hospital on 2,117 naïve patients who started treatment in 2013-2015. Results: The mean age of patients was 70 years. The larger groups of patients were those affected by AMD (60.5%) and DME (23.4%). Almost 40% of DME patients were treated in both eyes. On average, AMD patients received 3.97 injections/patient/year; DME: 4.22; mCNV: 2.01; RVO: 3.15. Among treated eyes, 75% received no more than 4 injections/year. One eye out of five was treated only once a year. A trend was highlighted in AMD and DME: the frequency of administrations per eye/year increased along the years considered. In AMD and DME patients who were treated in both eyes, the first eye received (on the average) at least 50% more of the drug than the second eye did. Of the total intravitreal drug expenditure for the whole cohort, more than a half was due to AMD. The overall mean annual expenditure per treated patient was €2,684 (mCNV €1,319 – DME €3,101), for 3.8 administrations/year on average. Conclusion: The present work aims at providing useful, real-life information about the therapeutic patterns and costs for intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment of retinal diseases in Italy.

Unbuilt; Exhibitions: The Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Architecture Projects by Roger Ferri and Allan Greenberg." June 2-July 15, 1979., Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

Unbuilt; Exhibitions: The Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Architecture Projects by Roger Ferri and Allan Greenberg." June 2-July 15, 1979., Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

Unbuilt; Exhibitions: The Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Architecture Projects by Roger Ferri and Allan Greenberg." June 2-July 15, 1979., Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.