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We have developed a near-infrared spectrometer designed to measure the absolute intensity of the solar 854.2 nm Ca II Fraunhofer line, scattered by interplanetary dust, in the zodiacal light (ZL) spectrum. Based on the known equivalent line width in the solar spectrum, this measurement can derive the zodiacal brightness, testing models of the ZL based on morphology that are used to determine the extragalactic background light in absolute photometry measurements. The spectrometer is based on a simple high-resolution tipped filter placed in front of a compact camera with wide-field refractive optics to provide the large optical throughput and high sensitivity required for rocket-borne observations. We discuss the instrument requirements for an accurate measurement of the absolute ZL brightness, the measured laboratory characterization, and the instrument performance in flight. © 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

We have developed a near-infrared spectrometer designed to measure the absolute intensity of the solar 854.2 nm Ca II Fraunhofer line, scattered by interplanetary dust, in the zodiacal light (ZL) spectrum. Based on the known equivalent line width in the solar spectrum, this measurement can derive the zodiacal brightness, testing models of the ZL based on morphology that are used to determine the extragalactic background light in absolute photometry measurements. The spectrometer is based on a simple high-resolution tipped filter placed in front of a compact camera with wide-field refractive optics to provide the large optical throughput and high sensitivity required for rocket-borne observations. We discuss the instrument requirements for an accurate measurement of the absolute ZL brightness, the measured laboratory characterization, and the instrument performance in flight. © 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

In an increasingly complex global environment, traditional approaches to strategic thinking and problem solving are proving to be inadequate. Design thinking (a process used by designers) and action research/action learning (processes used by managers for organizational change and development) provide some alternative approaches to overcome the inadequacies of traditional approaches to facilitating sustainable innovation. However, both design thinking and action research/action learning each has limitations. This chapter describes how these methodologies can be combined to overcome these limitations to coach managers collaboratively for creating new and better futures for their organizations

In an increasingly complex global environment, traditional approaches to strategic thinking and problem solving are proving to be inadequate. Design thinking (a process used by designers) and action research/action learning (processes used by managers for organizational change and development) provide some alternative approaches to overcome the inadequacies of traditional approaches to facilitating sustainable innovation. However, both design thinking and action research/action learning each has limitations. This chapter describes how these methodologies can be combined to overcome these limitations to coach managers collaboratively for creating new and better futures for their organizations