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Structured interviews were conducted with 79 Army recruiters to obtain information on the nature of recruiting duty, as a basis for developing hypotheses on the personal characteristics and job behaviors associated with recruiter success. Illustrative findings show that high producers (a) are less likely than low producers to cite 'independence' as a source of job satisfaction, (b) tend to complain more about their long hours of work, (c) mention less often that they had trouble communicating effectively, and (d) describe themselves less often as 'empathetic'. Responses describing 'successful' and 'unsuccessful' recruiters appeared to reflect only stereotypical notions. Prospecting and selling techniques are described, and recruiters opinions on training and selection are reported.

Research in support of the Army's recruiting operations was conducted to (a) develop a valid criterion of recruiter effectiveness, and (b) develop and evaluate a recruiter selection test battery. Using data from a sample of 400 recruiters, statistical analyses were performed to determine the theoretical yield to be expected from each recruiter's territory based on a multiple correlation between territorial characteristics and production records. A formula was developed to express each recruiter's effectiveness, comparing his actual production with the predicted production. In Task B, tests were assembled to measure recruiter characteristics considered likely to be associated with recruiting effectiveness: verbal fluency, sociability, achievement motivation, empathy, maturity/responsibility, and various backgroun characteristics. The tests were administered to 45 highly successful, and to 43 very unsuccessful, recruiters. None of the individual test scores discriminated significantly between good and poor recruiters. One performance measure of verbal fluency did discriminate significantly, as did about 20 background-information items. The true value of these items for recruiter selection cannot be known until cross- validation has been accomplished.

The objective of the research was to develop hypotheses concerning the personal characteristics and job behaviors associated with recruiter success. Based on the self-description data, few characteristics were significantly related to production records. Among the significant findings were the following: (1) High producers were less likely than low producers to cite 'independence' as a source of job satisfaction. (2) High producers were more likely than low producers to complain about their long hours of work. (3) High producers more often than low producers mentioned the use of Pre-Induction Physical(PIP) cards and mail-outs as prospecting techniques that they had found successful. (4) High producers less often admitted communication problems. (5) High producers were less likely to describe themselves in terms that were coded as 'not irritable,' and 'empathetic'. The responses made by the subjects in describing a successful and an unsuccessful recruiter they had known appeared to reflect sterotypical notions of what constitutes a good and a poor recruiter. The usefulness of these opinions for recruiter selection is considered to be marginal. A number of idiosyncratic prospecting and selling techniques were mentioned that might be worthy of more widespread utilization (e.g., cultivating drivers' license examiners or bowling alley managers as centers of influence). A number of complaints regarding recruiter management practices were noted, some of which might merit command attention.

This study compared the conventional questionnaire and the Randomized Inquiry (RI) technique as methods of conducting a mail survey of illicit drug use. The latter technique is designed specifically to provide maximum assurance of anonymity. Also compared was the effect of advance notice upon return rate. Questionnaires of the appropriate type were sent to random samples of junior enlisted and junior officer personnel in the conus Army. Total number of target research subjects was approximately 4,000. Illustrative findings were that (1) Return rates were significantly higher for the conventional questionnaire; (2) Advance notice enhanced the return rate for officers, but not for enlisted men; and (3) Reported drug usage rates were not significantly related to the method of data acquisition.

The report documents two studies concerned with the effect upon obtained drug usage rates of various methods of data acquisition. Data were collected in the summer of 1972. One study compares the anonymous questionnaire and the personal interview. The other compares five different types of questionnaire administrators. The research subjects were Army enlisted personnel in grades from E1 through E5. There were approximately 400 men in the first study, and 500 in the second. In both studies, the obtained drug usage rates, by a variety of criteria, did not differ for modes of data collection. (Author)

This report presents an overview of Hispanics in the United States and their educational profile between 1970-1976.

This report presents an overview of Hispanics in the United States and their educational profile between 1970-1976.

The report discusses the relation between the attitudes of students toward foreign language study and their subsequent course achievement. Data on students' attitudes and motivation were collected from about 300 foreign language students at eight military, university, and commercial schools near the beginning and again near the end of their courses. Most students had favorable attitudes toward their courses when they began; their attitudes tended to become less favorable as the courses progressed. Students who showed more interest in foreign languages and in other cultures performed better in foreign language training. The greatest satisfaction derived from foreign language study was the 'status' or 'glamor' attached to it.

The objective of this study was to obtain detailed information concerning the duty activities of Army Aircraft maintenance personnel. The data would serve as a basis for course modifications which would relate school training as closely as possible to actual job requirements. A comprehensive field survey of approximately 2,500 aircraft maintenance personnel was conducted. The principal objective of the survey was to determine in detail the requirements of the job in the field so that training courses might be tailored as closely as possible to those requirements. Some of the findings were as follows: (1) the typical man, both in organizational and field maintenance, estimated that he spent about two-thirds of his duty time engaged in aircraft maintenance or repair; (2) organizational and field maintenance personnel were not appreciably different on any of the background characteristics examined; and (3) the intention to reenlist in the Army was significantly more common among organizational than among field maintenance personnel. (Author)

This paper reports findings of field work with men in Ordnance Detachments (IFC M-33 and IFC T-38) concerning background, training, and distribution of work time. Information was obtained from backbround and training forms, questionnaires, and Mission Activities Logs for 58 detachment officers, 59 ordnance supply specialists, and 49 remote control systems repairmen. (Author)

The report describes the development and evaluation of a self-instructional Spanish course that was designed to produce an elementary communication skill, sufficient to enable a visitor in a Spanish-speaking country to cope with routine situations he is likely to encounter. The course consists of 106 lessons in text and on tapes. The tapes are playable on any conventional tape device. The course involves what are believed to be the best features from the fields of modern classroom teaching, tutorial instruction, and programed instruction. A group of nine military personnel with no prior Spanish training completed the course in an average of 73.7 hours. Results were interpreted as establishing the feasibility of building self-instructional foreign language courses which teach a useful, although elementary, communication skill. (Author)

However, in spite of this emphasis on the offensive, an investigation of the actions involving armor in World War II indicates that armor could be, and was, employed in defensive roles. From a study of those operations, certain sound defensive tactics and maneuvers were evolved. TOC: Introduction; 37th Tank Battalion, 4th Armored Division, Lezey-Arracourt, France; Defense of Faid Pass; Armor on a Corps Boundary; Battle of the Canals; Trading Space for Time.

However, in spite of this emphasis on the offensive, an investigation of the actions involving armor in World War II indicates that armor could be, and was, employed in defensive roles. From a study of those operations, certain sound defensive tactics and maneuvers were evolved. TOC: Introduction; 37th Tank Battalion, 4th Armored Division, Lezey-Arracourt, France; Defense of Faid Pass; Armor on a Corps Boundary; Battle of the Canals; Trading Space for Time.

However, in spite of this emphasis on the offensive, an investigation of the actions involving armor in World War II indicates that armor could be, and was, employed in defensive roles. From a study of those operations, certain sound defensive tactics and maneuvers were evolved. TOC: Introduction; 37th Tank Battalion, 4th Armored Division, Lezey-Arracourt, France; Defense of Faid Pass; Armor on a Corps Boundary; Battle of the Canals; Trading Space for Time.