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Kdm1a is a histone demethylase linked to intellectual disability with essential roles during gastrulation and the terminal differentiation of specialized cell types, including neurons, that remains highly expressed in the adult brain. To explore Kdm1a’s function in adult neurons, we develop inducible and forebrain-restricted Kdm1a knockouts. By applying multi-omic transcriptome, epigenome and chromatin conformation data, combined with super-resolution microscopy, we find that Kdm1a elimination causes the neuronal activation of nonneuronal genes that are silenced by the polycomb repressor complex and interspersed with active genes. Functional assays demonstrate that the N-terminus of Kdm1a contains an intrinsically disordered region that is essential to segregate Kdm1a-repressed genes from the neighboring active chromatin environment. Finally, we show that the segregation of Kdm1a-target genes is weakened in neurons during natural aging, underscoring the role of Kdm1a safeguarding neuronal genome organization and gene silencing throughout life.

In this work, 1 eV Ga0.7In0.3As inverted metamorphic (IMM) solar cells were analyzed to achieve a deeper understanding of the mechanism limiting their improvement. For this purpose, high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution cross-sectional cathodoluminescence (CL), and transient in situ surface reflectance were carried out. Additionally, the photovoltaic responses of the complete devices were measured using the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and numerically simulated through Silvaco TCAD ATLAS. The combination of structural characterization of the semiconductor layers and measurements of the solar cell photovoltaic behavior, together with device modeling, allows us to conclude that the lifetime of the bulk minority carriers is the limiting factor influencing the PV response since the recombination at the interfaces (GaInP window-GaInAs emitter and GaInAs base-GaInP back surface field (BSF)) does not impact the carrier recombination due to the favorable alignment between the conduction and the valance bands. The advanced characterization using cross-sectional cathodoluminescence, together with transient in situ surface reflectance, allowed the rejection of the formation of traps related to the GaInAs growth conditions as being responsible for the decrement in the minority-carrier lifetime. Conversely, the TEM and HRXRD revealed that the presence of misfit dislocations in the GaInAs layer linked to strain relaxation, which were probably formed due to an excessive tensile strain in the virtual substrate or an incorrect combination of alloy compositions in the topmost layers, was the dominant factor influencing the GaInAs layer's quality. These results allow an understanding of the contributions of each characterization technique in the analysis of multi-junction solar cells.

Van der Waals chalcogenides and chalcohalides have the potential to become the next thin film PV breakthrough, owing to the earth-abundancy and non-toxicity of their components, and their stability, high absorption coefficient and quasi-1D structure, which leads to enhanced electrical anisotropic properties when the material is oriented in a specific crystalline direction. However, quasi-1D semiconductors beyond Sb2(S,Se)3, such as SbSeX chalcohalides, have been scarcely investigated for energy generation applications, and rarely synthesised by physical vapor deposition methodologies, despite holding the promise of widening the bandgap range (opening the door to tandem or semi-transparent devices), and showing enticing new properties such as ferroelectric behaviour and defect-tolerant nature. In this work, SbSeI and SbSeBr micro-columnar solar cells have been obtained for the first time by an innovative methodology based on the selective halogenation of Sb2Se3 thin films at pressure above 1 atm. It is shown that by increasing the annealing temperature and pressure, the height and density of the micro-columnar structures grows monotonically, resulting in SbSeI single-crystal columns up to 30 µm, and tuneable morphology. In addition, solar cell prototypes with substrate configuration have shown remarkable Voc values above 550 mV and 1.8 eV bandgap., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

This experience report addresses the scientific popularization strategies employed in activities developed by the CULTPOP – Research Laboratory in Pop Culture, Communication and Technologies, linked to CNPq and currently based in the Graduate Program of Universidade Paulista (UNIP). It presents an overview of science popularization strategies organized based on the specific dynamics of the group’s research, as well as the use of pop culture’s own languages as part of its methodological process. The exploratory and descriptive case study indicates that having a laboratory community of academic-fans of pop culture facilitates and expands the development of science popularization strategies., Este relato de experiências trata de estratégias de popularização científica das atividades do CULTPOP – Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cultura Pop, Comunicação e Tecnologias, vinculado ao CNPq e atualmente sediado no Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Paulista (UNIP). Faz-se um panorama das estratégias de popularização da ciência organizado a partir das dinâmicas específicas das pesquisas do grupo, bem como das utilizações das próprias linguagens da cultura pop como parte do processo metodológico. A metodologia do artigo é exploratória e descritiva, com base em Estudo de Caso1. As observações iniciais indicam que a inserção do laboratório em uma comunidade de acadêmicos-fãs de cultura pop facilita e amplia o desenvolvimento de estratégias de popularização da ciência.

The preservation of The Great Mosque of Córdoba (Spain) as a carrier of Andalusian collective memory requires innovative approaches to assess and maintain its structural health. This research centers on two non-destructive methods: direct ultrasound testing and rebound hammer. Laboratory tests were performed on natural stone provided by the primary material supplier for the Mosque’s restoration and rehabilitation works. Non-destructive and destructive tests were carried out over 10 ashlars and 100 cubic and prismatic specimens, which were cut from the ashlars. Tests were conducted in multiple directions to investigate stone anisotropy. Destructive testing indicated isotropy, but ultrasound test results disagreed. Sensitivity analysis of specimen dimensions affected result dispersion, but not average properties.

The preservation of The Great Mosque of Córdoba (Spain) as a carrier of Andalusian collective memory requires innovative approaches to assess and maintain its structural health. This research centers on two non-destructive methods: direct ultrasound testing and rebound hammer. Laboratory tests were performed on natural stone provided by the primary material supplier for the Mosque’s restoration and rehabilitation works. Non-destructive and destructive tests were carried out over 10 ashlars and 100 cubic and prismatic specimens, which were cut from the ashlars. Tests were conducted in multiple directions to investigate stone anisotropy. Destructive testing indicated isotropy, but ultrasound test results disagreed. Sensitivity analysis of specimen dimensions affected result dispersion, but not average properties.

The Mosque of Cordoba (Spain) is an emblem of the rich cultural heritage of Western Andalusia. This research focuses on the mechanical characterization of the natural stone used in the building. Determining its properties is crucial to understanding the structural behaviour of the entire building. An experimental campaign with various mechanical tests, such as density, compression, indirect tensile, and bending tests, was conducted on more than 100 cubic and prismatic specimens obtained from the main quarry that supplies material for the mosque’s restoration. The results indicated the stone’s isotropic behaviour for the studied properties. Further analysis established correlations between compressive strength (averaging 6 MPa) and other mechanical properties. This preliminary characterization provides valuable information for future in situ testing and more sophisticated lab techniques.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Capacity curves obtained from nonlinear static analyses are widely used to perform seismic assessments of structures as an alternative to dynamic analysis. This paper presents a novel ‘en masse’ method to assess the seismic vulnerability of urban areas swiftly and with the accuracy of mechanical methods. At the core of this methodology is the calculation of the capacity curves of low-rise reinforced concrete buildings using neural networks, where no modeling of the building is required. The curves are predicted with minimal error, needing only basic geometric and material parameters of the structures to be specified. As a first implementation, a typology of prismatic buildings is defined and a training set of more than 7000 structures generated. The capacity curves are calculated through push-over analysis using SAP2000. The results feature the prediction of 100-point curves in a single run of the network while maintaining a very low mean absolute error. This paper proposes a method that improves current seismic assessment tools by providing a fast and accurate calculation of the vulnerability of large sets of buildings in urban environments.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

Capacity curves obtained from nonlinear static analyses are widely used to perform seismic assessments of structures as an alternative to dynamic analysis. This paper presents a novel ‘en masse’ method to assess the seismic vulnerability of urban areas swiftly and with the accuracy of mechanical methods. At the core of this methodology is the calculation of the capacity curves of low-rise reinforced concrete buildings using neural networks, where no modeling of the building is required. The curves are predicted with minimal error, needing only basic geometric and material parameters of the structures to be specified. As a first implementation, a typology of prismatic buildings is defined and a training set of more than 7000 structures generated. The capacity curves are calculated through push-over analysis using SAP2000. The results feature the prediction of 100-point curves in a single run of the network while maintaining a very low mean absolute error. This paper proposes a method that improves current seismic assessment tools by providing a fast and accurate calculation of the vulnerability of large sets of buildings in urban environments.

Since February 2020, the world has been facing a global pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 virus. All over the world, people have been urged to take protective measures. It is hoped that the implementation of widespread vaccination campaigns will defeat the pandemic in the long term. While many people are eager to be vaccinated against Covid-19, other voices in the population are highly critical of vaccination and protective measures, circulating much misinformation on social media. The movements opposing pandemic response measures are heterogeneous, including right-wing groups, spiritualists who deny science, citizens with existential fears, and those who equate vaccination with a loss of individual freedom. This study aims to map and compare the social media communication of anti-vaccination movements that defy social cohesion and circulate online misinformation in Germany and Brazil. By following a grounded theory approach suggested by Webb and Mallon (2007), we coded content from social media communication of opinion leaders on Twitter with extended narrative analysis methodology finding different narratives that were mapped within the inhomogeneous anti-vaccination movements. The results show that both countries’ main narratives against vaccination are very similar, but the main difference stems from Brazil’s stronger politicization of vaccines.

This work summarises the strategy adopted in the European research project PERSISTAH. It aims to increase the resilience of the population, focusing on the existing primary schools in the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain) regions. Software was developed to assess the seismic safety of these schools, considering different earthquake scenarios. Seismic retrofitting measures were studied and numerically tested. Some of them were also implemented in the retrofitting activities of two case study schools (one in each country). It was found that the adopted ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) considerably affect the results obtained with the software, especially for offshore earthquake scenarios. Furthermore, the results show that the masonry buildings would be the most damaged school typologies for all the scenarios considered. Additionally, a set of guidelines was created to support the school community and the technicians related to the construction industry. The goal of these documents is to increase the seismic resilience of the population. Different activities were carried out to train schoolteachers in seismic safety based on the guidelines produced, obtaining positive feedback from them.

Spanish primary school buildings are likely to present a high seismic vulnerability. This is due to two main factors: (a) most of them were built prior to the enforcement of the Spanish seismic codes; (b) the elevated child-to-adult ratio compromises the effectivity of the evacuation plans. In this work, the schools of the Spanish province of Huelva, mainly reinforced concrete framed buildings from the 70s, were studied. First, a general classification based on the structural type and overall geometry of the building was made. Next, several characteristics of the buildings that could influence their seismic response have been analysed through a sensitivity analysis. This paper focuses on one of the characteristics studied: the existence of an atrium (an observed recurrent irregularity) and its position. Different versions of the index building model, varying the position of the atrium, have been analysed. Non-linear static analyses were used to study the seismic performance of the models. Results have shown that if the atrium is located in the short direction of the building, it improves its seismic performance, in most of the cases. However, the addition of one or more atriums in the long direction of the building diminishes the global strength of the building. Finally, it should be mentioned that torsional effects appear when the atrium is not located next to the centre or the surface occupied by the atrium is large. Therefore, the existence and position of the atrium must be carefully considered for a safe seismic design.

Spanish primary school buildings are likely to present a high seismic vulnerability. This is due to two main factors: (a) most of them were built prior to the enforcement of the Spanish seismic codes; (b) the elevated child-to-adult ratio compromises the effectivity of the evacuation plans. In this work, the schools of the Spanish province of Huelva, mainly reinforced concrete framed buildings from the 70s, were studied. First, a general classification based on the structural type and overall geometry of the building was made. Next, several characteristics of the buildings that could influence their seismic response have been analysed through a sensitivity analysis. This paper focuses on one of the characteristics studied: the existence of an atrium (an observed recurrent irregularity) and its position. Different versions of the index building model, varying the position of the atrium, have been analysed. Non-linear static analyses were used to study the seismic performance of the models. Results have shown that if the atrium is located in the short direction of the building, it improves its seismic performance, in most of the cases. However, the addition of one or more atriums in the long direction of the building diminishes the global strength of the building. Finally, it should be mentioned that torsional effects appear when the atrium is not located next to the centre or the surface occupied by the atrium is large. Therefore, the existence and position of the atrium must be carefully considered for a safe seismic design.

This work summarises the strategy adopted in the European research project PERSISTAH. It aims to increase the resilience of the population, focusing on the existing primary schools in the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain) regions. Software was developed to assess the seismic safety of these schools, considering different earthquake scenarios. Seismic retrofitting measures were studied and numerically tested. Some of them were also implemented in the retrofitting activities of two case study schools (one in each country). It was found that the adopted ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) considerably affect the results obtained with the software, especially for offshore earthquake scenarios. Furthermore, the results show that the masonry buildings would be the most damaged school typologies for all the scenarios considered. Additionally, a set of guidelines was created to support the school community and the technicians related to the construction industry. The goal of these documents is to increase the seismic resilience of the population. Different activities were carried out to train schoolteachers in seismic safety based on the guidelines produced, obtaining positive feedback from them.

Capacity curves obtained from nonlinear static analyses are widely used to perform seismic assessments of structures as an alternative to dynamic analysis. This paper presents a novel ‘en masse’ method to assess the seismic vulnerability of urban areas swiftly and with the accuracy of mechanical methods. At the core of this methodology is the calculation of the capacity curves of low-rise reinforced concrete buildings using neural networks, where no modeling of the building is required. The curves are predicted with minimal error, needing only basic geometric and material parameters of the structures to be specified. As a first implementation, a typology of prismatic buildings is defined and a training set of more than 7000 structures generated. The capacity curves are calculated through push-over analysis using SAP2000. The results feature the prediction of 100-point curves in a single run of the network while maintaining a very low mean absolute error. This paper proposes a method that improves current seismic assessment tools by providing a fast and accurate calculation of the vulnerability of large sets of buildings in urban environments.

The loss of CBP, but not p300, in forebrain principal neurons causes cognitive deficits. a, Scheme indicating the age at the time of TMX administration to trigger gene ablation, the interval until behavioral testing, and the battery of behavioral tasks (Extended Data Fig. 2-1, additional detail). Experiments were performed in young adult (3- to 6-month-old) mice. b, Behavior in an open field evaluated as total distance traveled. c, No difference in time spent in the center, closed and open arms in the elevated plus maze test. d, Latency to fall in the RotaRod test. e, Percentage of immobility time in the Porsolt forced swimming task. f, Number of balls buried in the marble-burying task. g, Discrimination index during training and testing in the novel object recognition memory task. h, The sociability index reflects the preference of the animal for interacting with another mouse rather than an object, whereas the social recognition index reflects the preference of the animal for interacting with an unfamiliar mouse in the social recognition memory task. i, Graph presents the daily average latency to find the platform in the MWM task. V, Visible platform; H, hidden platform. j, Performance in the contextual and cued fear-conditioning tasks measured as freezing 24 h after training. k, l, Normal behavior of p300-ifKOs in an open field, no differences in overall activity (a) or anxiety measured as time near the wall (b). m, Normal behavior of p300-ifKOs in the RotaRod. n, Normal behavior of p300-ifKOs in the Porsolt forced swimming task. o, Normal behavior of p300-ifKOs in marble-burying task. p, Normal performance of p300-ifKOs in the novel object recognition task. q, Normal performance of p300-ifKOs in the sociability and social recognition task. r, p300-ifKOs show no differences in learning and memory in the MWM. The panel shows only the latency curve, but similarly no difference was observed in different parameters during the visible and hidden platform tasks and the

Aging worsens the neurologic deficits in CBP-ifKO mice. a, Average weight in young adult and aged mice of both sexes. b, qRT-PCR assays show the dysregulation of LRGs in aged (15- to 20-month-old) CBP-ifKOs, as previously shown in younger animals (compare Fig. 1g, results). c, qRT-PCR assays show that several IEGs were not significantly downregulated at the basal state (Fig. 6a, Extended Data Fig. 1-2). d, Representative coronal MR brain images of aged control and CBP-ifKO mice (top) and graph showing the comparison of hippocampal areas between both genotypes (bottom). e, Immunostaining against GFAP and NeuN in the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 area of 15- to 20-month-old CBP-ifKOs and control littermates, revealed a normal histology and cellular composition, indicating no apparent gliosis or neurodegeneration in CBP-ifKOs. Scale bars, 100 µm. f, qRT-PCR assay shows comparable levels of Gfap transcripts in 15- to 20-month-old CBP-ifKOs and control littermates, consistent with the absence of active gliosis in aged CBP-ifKOs. g, Gait analysis in young adult and aged control and CBP-ifKO mice. h, MWM escape latency graph in aged CBP-ifKOs and control littermates (Extended Data Fig. 3-1, additional detail). i, Memory in the contextual FC (CFC) and cued FC tasks measured as freezing 24 h after training. j, Fear conditioning and extinction in young adult (left) and aged (right) CBP-ifKOs and control littermates. ns: non significant; *p-value < 0.05; **0.001 < p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001.

CBP loss impairs activity-driven gene induction. a, qRT-PCR assays show that the initial transcriptional response of CBP-ifKOs to KA is not affected or only slightly reduced 1 h after KA administration, whereas the late response (2 h) is more affected. Asterisks refer to the comparison between genotypes. b, qRT-PCR assays show that IEGs are normally induced by KA in p300-ifKOs. c, CBP-ifKOs require a much larger cumulative dose (left) and number of injections (right) of KA to display seizures. d, Reduced seizure scoring in CBP-ifKOs after progressive KA administration. e, The transcriptional response of IEGs after seizure induced by progressive KA administration is reduced in CBP-ifKOs. f, Similar expression of Crebbp and Gapdh in CBP-ifKO treated with saline or KA. g, qRT-PCR assays show the reduced expression of Bdnf and Nptx2 in CBP-ifKOs at the basal state, but not after clonic seizure. +p-value < 0.1; *p-value < 0.05; **0.001 < p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001.

CBP is necessary for kindling. a, Scheme of the kindling experiment. The time when the different RNA-seq samples were taken is indicated. b, Seizure score during the kindling experiment. More details can be found in the Materials and Methods section. c, CBP-ifKOs and control littermates did not gain weight during the kindling protocol. d, Volcano plots presenting the results of the RNA-seq screen performed in control and CBP-ifKO mice. “Sal” corresponds to non-kindled animals treated with vehicle (saline solution) on the day of RNA extraction. “PTZ45” corresponds to kindled animals treated with the PTZ on the day of the experiment. e, PCA for RNA-seq samples of kindling. The control mice treated with PTZ (Ct-PTZ45) induced a gene program that includes dozens of IEGs (Extended Data Fig. 7-1, additional detail). f, Heatmap with the genes showing PTZ induction in the control group (PTZ main effect, 2 × 3 design). In addition to the Sal and PTZ45 samples, “PTZ0” samples correspond to kindled animals treated with saline on the day of the experiment. Transcript levels are shown for all the conditions.

H2B lysine acetylation deficits. a, WB against different core histone acetylations in hippocampal protein extract of CBP-ifKOs and control littermates (n = 4). The quantification of the signal is shown on the right. *p-value < 0.05; **0.001 < p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001. A significant decrease in H2A-ac, H2B-ac, and H3K27ac was observed. H3K9,14ac and H4-ac were unaffected by the loss of CBP. b, ChIP-seq was used for the analysis of differential histone acetylation in CBP-ifKOs and control littermates (Extended Data Fig. 4-1, additional detail). Metagene ChIP-seq signal for H2B-ac in the sets of no-DEGs and downregulated genes in CBP-ifKOs. c, IHC for acetylation of H2B in CBP-ifKOs and control littermates. The field shows the nucleus of an interneuron in which creERT2 is not expressed, and therefore there was no loss of CBP immunoreactivity. d, ChIP-qPCR assays on chromatin extracts confirm a global decrease in H2Bac in CBP-ifKOs in all the assessed regions, including intergenic chromatin. e, WB against acetylation of different lysine residues in the N-tail of histone H2B. All the acetylated residues investigated were significantly decreased. The quantification of the signal referred to total H2B is shown in the right bar graph. f, WB against other post-translational modifications of the tail of histone H2B in hippocampal protein extract of CBP-ifKO and control littermates. The quantification of the signal is shown in the bar graph. g, WB against the acetylated form of different core histones (top) and the acetylation of specific lysine residues in the H2B N-tail (bottom) in hippocampal protein extracts of Crebbp+/− and wild-type littermates. The quantification of the signal is shown on the right bar graphs. h, ChIP-seq density graph for H2Bac in Crebbp+/− and wild-type littermates.

Transcriptional changes are associated with H3K27 lysine acetylation deficits. a, Metagene ChIP-seq signal for H3K27ac in the sets of no-DEGs and downregulated genes in CBP-ifKOs. b, Volcano plot for H3K27-DARs in CBP-ifKOs. We filtered out the regions that match with the BAC construct used to generate the Camk2a-creERT2 transgenics (in those regions, the increase in reads corresponds to changes in gene dose rather than hyperacetylation). c, Positional annotation of hypoacetylated DARs in CBP-ifKOs. Regions with reduced acetylation are primarily located at regulatory regions (CREs; thick black line; number of samples: control = 4, CBP-ifKO = 4). d, Heatmaps show the density of reads in CBP binding, chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) and H3K4me3 profiles of control mice and the loss of H3K27ac in DARs of CBP-ifKOs. ATAC-seq and CBP-ChIP signals denote a regulatory role, while H3K4me3 primarily labels promoter regions. e, Heatmap and density profiles of the binding of CBP in CBP-ifKOs and control littermates at decreased DARs. The very weak CBP signal in total hippocampal chromatin of CBP-ifKOs suggests that these regions are neuronal specific. f, Top GO terms from the analysis of hypoacetylated DARs. g, IGV snapshots of H3K27ac ChIP-seq profiles in CBP-ifKOs, dKAT3-ifKOs, and their respective control littermates (CT and CT*, respectively). Two representative genes downregulated in CBP-ifKOs are presented. h, Metagene ChIP-seq signal for H3K9,14ac in the sets of no-DEGs and downregulated genes in CBP-ifKOs. i, ChIP-seq signal for CBP, RNAPII, and TFIIBac at the transcription start site of downregulated genes in CBP-ifKO and control littermates. The observed decreases correlate with the reduced transcription in these genes in mutant mice. + p-value < 0.1; *p-value < 0.05; **p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001.

Figure 1: CBP, but not p300, is necessary for the normal expression of neuronal plasticity-related genes. a, Scheme presenting the genetic strategy for the generation of CBP-ifKOs and p300-ifKOs illustrated with the immunostaining of sagittal brain slices of control and ifKOs that demonstrate the loss of CBP or p300 in areas where the Camk2a-creERT2 transgene is expressed. b, IHC analysis demonstrated the loss of CBP in pyramidal and granular cells in the hippocampus of young adult (3- to 6-month-old) ifKO mice. Gene ablation is also appreciable in amygdala and cortex, but not in brain areas where the Cre recombinase is not expressed. Scale bar, 500 µm. c, WB of CBP-ifKO (green bars) and control (WT, black bars) hippocampal protein extracts confirmed the loss of CBP expression in young adult (3- to 6-month-old) CBP-ifKOs using two different antibodies against CBP. No upregulation of p300 was observed. d, RNA-seq was used for the differential expression profiling of CBP-ifKOs and control littermates (Extended Data Figs. 1-1, 1-2, additional details). Heatmap representations of upregulated and downregulated genes in young adult (3- to 6-month-old) CBP-ifKOs (top panel) and p300-ifKOs (bottom panel) referred to their respective control littermates. The creERT2 driver-related genes Esr1 and Arsi are the only genes differentially expressed in p300-ifKOs. e, GO analysis of downregulated genes in CBP-ifKOs. The top 20 GO biological process terms are shown. f, IGV profiles of two representative genes downregulated in CBP-ifKOs. g, qRT-PCR assays confirmed the downregulation of CBP target genes in the hippocampi of CBP-ifKOs. h, Comparison of DEG sets in dKAT3-ifKOs (p-adjusted < 0.05; no fold cutoff) and CBP-ifKOs. i, Overlap between the sets of genes downregulated in dKAT3-ifKOs (p-adjusted < 0.05; no cutoff) and CBP-ifKOs. j, The comparison of differential expression profiles in CBP-ifKO and Crebbp+/− mice revealed a gene dose effect and showed that many DEGs in CBP-ifKOs

The supporting information: Figure S1. Differentiating CBPf/f neurospheres infected with Cre-recombinase-encoding viruses do not express CBP. Representative images of differentiating secondary neurospheres infected with control (DsRed) or Cre-recombinase-encoding Lentiviruses stained with antibodies specific for CBP and counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars: 100 µm; Figure S2. Sensitivity analysis of snRNA-seq. Violin plots show the distribution of the number of transcripts (left, scored by UMIs) and genes (right) detected per cell for differentiating neurospheres from control (CTRL), CBPf/f (CBP), and p300f/f (P300) neurospheres. UMIs: unique molecular identifiers; Video S1. Time-lapse culture over 2 days of a control differentiating neurosphere infected with control plasmids; Video S2. Time-lapse culture over 2 days of a differentiating CBPf/f neurosphere infected with Cre plasmids; Video S3. Time-lapse culture over 2 days of a differentiating p300f/f neurosphere infected with Cre plasmids; Table S1. Gene markers for individual clusters of snRNA-seq data identified by differential expression testing using the Wilcoxon rank sum test (see methods); ; Table S2. Differential expression analysis between Crebbpf/f + Cre and control neurosphere for cluster 0 and cluster 5, using the Wilcoxon rank sum test (see methods).

Behavioral impact of EE on CBP-ifKOs and p300-ifKOs. a, Scheme of the EE experiment. CBP-ifKOs and control littermates were housed in SCs or in a large EE box. The time when RNA-seq and ChIP-seq samples were taken is indicated (Extended Data Fig. 8-1, additional detail). b, Control and CBP-ifKO mice exhibit a reduced weight gain when housed in EE cages. c, Latency to find the platform in the MWM task. The graphs compare the performance of control and CBP-ifKOs housed in SCs (solid lines; control, n = 10; CBP-ifKO, n = 11) or EE (dashed lines; control, n = 12; CBP-ifKO, n = 13). Note that the curves for the SC groups were previously presented in Figure 2i to compare the performance between genotypes. d, Memory retention PTs of 60 s were performed at the beginning of day H5 (PT1) and 24 h after the last day of the MWM (PT2). Graphs show the number of platform crossings during the PTs. TQ, target quadrant; Q1–Q3, quadrants 1 to 3. Comparison between SCs (solid bars) and EE boxes (dashed bars) for controls and CBP-ifKOs. e, MWM results of p300-ifKOs and their control littermates housed in SCs (solid lines; control, n = 9; p300-ifKO, n = 13) or EE boxes (dashed lines; control, n = 10; p300-ifKO, n = 7). Graphs represent the time to find the platform. No difference in p300-ifKO performance was observed either in SCs or EE boxes. The curves for the SC groups were previously presented in Figure 2r. + p-value < 0.1; *p-value < 0.05; **0.001, p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001.

The paralogous lysine acetyltransferases 3 (KAT3), CBP and P300, play critical roles during neurodevelopment, but their specific roles in neural precursors maintenance and differentiation remain obscure. In fact, it is still unclear whether these proteins are individually or jointly essential in processes such as proliferation of neural precursors, differentiation to specific neural cell types, or both. Here, we use subventricular zone-derived neurospheres as a potential ex vivo developmental model to analyze the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) lacking CBP, p300, or both proteins. The results showed that CBP and p300 are not individually essential for maintenance and proliferation of NSCs, although their combined ablation seriously compromised cell division. In turn, the absence of either of the two proteins compromised the differentiation of NSC into the neuronal and astrocytic lineages. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis of neural cell cultures derived from CBP or p300 mutant neurospheres revealed divergent trajectories of neural differentiation upon CBP or p300 ablation, confirming unique functions and nonredundant roles in neural development. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the shared and individual roles of KAT3 proteins in neural differentiation and the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by their deficiency.

Environmental factors and life experiences impinge on brain circuits triggering adaptive changes. Epigenetic regulators contribute to this neuroadaptation by enhancing or suppressing specific gene programs. The paralogous transcriptional coactivators and lysine acetyltransferases CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300 are involved in brain plasticity and stimulus-dependent transcription, but their specific roles in neuroadaptation are not fully understood. Here we investigated the impact of eliminating either CBP or p300 in excitatory neurons of the adult forebrain of mice from both sexes using inducible and cell type-restricted knock-out strains. The elimination of CBP, but not p300, reduced the expression and chromatin acetylation of plasticity genes, dampened activity-driven transcription, and caused memory deficits. The defects became more prominent in elderly mice and in paradigms that involved enduring changes in transcription, such as kindling and environmental enrichment, in which CBP loss interfered with the establishment of activity-induced transcriptional and epigenetic changes in response to stimulus or experience. These findings further strengthen the link between CBP deficiency in excitatory neurons and etiopathology in the nervous system.

CBP is necessary for neuroadaptation to environmental enrichment. a, Heatmap represents DEGs in the RNA-seq screen showing a significant EE main effect or interaction with genotype (Extended Data Fig. 9-1, additional detail). b, H3K27ac ChIP-qPCRs results at the Bdnf locus in the chromatin of SC-housed and EE-housed mice from both genotypes (Extended Data Fig. 9-1, additional detail). c, DARs displaying increased or reduced H3K27ac levels. The changes induced by EE in the control group were not reproduced in CBP-ifKOs. d, GO analysis of DARs that gain H3K27ac on EE-retrieved terms related with synaptic signaling and plasticity. e, Positional annotation of hyperacetylated DARs in EE boxes. Regions with increased acetylation are primarily located at regulatory regions (CREs; thick black line). f, Read density heatmaps show increased H3K27ac in DARs. Regions with increased H3K27ac in EEs are observed in bulk chromatin of control mice, but not in CBP-ifKOs. The increase was also observed in samples corresponding to a H3K27ac ChIP conducted with sorted nuclei from excitatory neurons (in which Camk2a-creERT2 drives the expression of the fluorescent protein Sun1-GFP). g, Read density heatmaps show DARs with reduced H3K27ac in control mice housed in the EE condition. These changes were not detected in CBP-ifKOs. Note that the H3K27ac signal is very low in the ChIP-seq corresponding to sorted neurons from excitatory neurons (in which Camk2a-creERT2 drove the expression of the fluorescent protein Sun1-GFP) when compared with the signal detected in the ChIP-seq using bulk chromatin. The low signal suggests that the H3K27ac signal in these DARs likely corresponds to non-neuronal cells. h, IGV snapshot for Robo3 and Wnt9a showing RNA-seq, H3K27ac and CBP ChIP-seq, and ATAC-seq profiles. *p-value < 0.05.

The present book aims to present the work developed in the European research project PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese), which has been developed cooperatively by the University of Seville (Spain) and the University of the Algarve (Portugal). This research project focuses on the study and assessment of the seismic risk of primary education buildings in the territory of the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). To this end, the objectives established by the National Platforms for Disaster Risk Reduction (PNRRC) of the National Civil Protection Commissions of Portugal and Spain have been taken into account.

The present book aims to present the work developed in the European research project PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese), which has been developed cooperatively by the University of Seville (Spain) and the University of the Algarve (Portugal). This research project focuses on the study and assessment of the seismic risk of primary education buildings in the territory of the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). To this end, the objectives established by the National Platforms for Disaster Risk Reduction (PNRRC) of the National Civil Protection Commissions of Portugal and Spain have been taken into account.

The present book aims to present the work developed in the European research project PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese), which has been developed cooperatively by the University of Seville (Spain) and the University of the Algarve (Portugal). This research project focuses on the study and assessment of the seismic risk of primary education buildings in the territory of the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). To this end, the objectives established by the National Platforms for Disaster Risk Reduction (PNRRC) of the National Civil Protection Commissions of Portugal and Spain have been taken into account.

Lysine demethylases (KDMs) play a pivotal role in the establishment of cell fate and their loss or reduction is frequently linked to intellectual disability (ID). Our recent research underscores the relevance of ID-linked H3K4 demethylases in cell-type specific gene silencing, suggesting that the disruption of the neuronal transcriptome and chromatin organization that result from the loss of these epigenetic regulators critically contributes to ID etiopathology.

[EN] Given the importance that environmental management is acquiring, the main aim of this work is to know what the state of the field kaizen and green practices is at present. A systematic narrative review is conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Statement. Two databases (Web of Science and Scopus) were searched. Finally, after applying the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 documents were analyzed. Based on the results, it might be concluded that, despite the growing interest in the relationship between kaizen and green practices, this is a topic in the early stages of development, with a clear predominance of case studies. It is, therefore, necessary to develop more research on this kaizen and green issue as improving environmental management is undeniably becoming a must in today's competitive environment. For instance, more research is needed on the application of kaizen tools as results obtained so far seem not to be conclusive. Additionally, more academic and rigorous studies should be developed on this topic as many of the analyzed papers seem to be clearly created for dissemination among practitioners, some of them lacking the traditional academic structure and scientific method during their development.

This manual is designed to sup-port the training of primary school teachers, instructors and technicians, who want to improve their knowledge and develop activities about seismic and tsunami risk. The contents and information of this document come from researches carried out at present, and also as the continuation of other projects in which the author has participated, such as the game "Treme-Treme".

Esta guía pretende ser un recurso, que no un manual, para aumentar la resiliencia de la comunidad educativa, mostrándole qué es lo que puede hacer por sí misma y cómo puede fortalecer sus capacidades frente al riesgo sísmico (por ejemplo, estando informada y familiarizada con las características que inciden en la vulnerabilidad de un espacio en caso de terremoto, y preparada para proteger a los estudiantes bajo su tutela antes de que la tierra tiemble).

This guide is intended to be a resource, and not a manual, for increasing the resilience of an educational community, by showing the community what they can do on their own account and how they can strengthen their ability to handle seismic risk (for example, being informed and familiarised with the characteristics that affect the vulnerability of an area in the event of an earthquake, and prepared to protect the students under their tutelage before the earth shakes).

El presente libro tiene como objetivo la presentación del trabajo desarrollado en el proyecto europeo de investigación PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, en portugués), el cual se ha desarrollado de forma cooperativa por la Universidad de Sevilla (España) y la Universidad del Algarve (Portugal). Dicho proyecto de investigación se centra en el estudio y la valoración del riesgo sísmico de edificios de educación primaria en el territorio del Algarve (Portugal) y Huelva (España). Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los objetivos establecidos por las Plataformas Nacionales para la Reducción de Riesgo de Catástrofes (PNRRC) de las Comisiones Nacionales de Protección Civil de Portugal y de España.

Este Guia pretende ser um recurso para aumentar a resiliência da comunidade educativa, mostrando que é possível viver com os sismos e que se tomarmos medidas preventivas os riscos de perdas e ferimentos reduzem bastante. Como uma emergência pode acontecer em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento, é importante que a comunidade educativa, esteja informada e familiarizada com o que torna um espaço vulnerável em caso de sismo, e se prepa-rem para proteger as crianças sob seus cuidados antes que a terra trema.

Foi concebido para apoiar a formação de professores, monitores e técnicos da área educativa do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB), que queiram melhorar os seus conhecimentos e desenvolver atividades sobre o risco sísmico e de tsunami. Os conteúdos e informação contidos neste documento surgem de novas pesquisas agora realizadas, mas também na continuação de outros projectos em que a autora participou, de-signadamente o jogo sério "Treme-Treme".

Está guía está concebida para apoyar la formación del personal educativo de enseñanza primaria, que quiera mejorar su conocimiento y desarrollar actividades sobre el riesgo sísmico y de tsunami. Los contenidos e información de este documento son fruto del trabajo realizado en el marco del proyecto PERSISTAH, y también como continuación de otros proyectos en los que algunos autores han participado.

This guide is intended to be a resource, and not a manual, for increasing the resilience of an educational community, by showing the community what they can do on their own account and how they can strengthen their ability to handle seismic risk (for example, being informed and familiarised with the characteristics that affect the vulnerability of an area in the event of an earthquake, and prepared to protect the students under their tutelage before the earth shakes).

El presente libro tiene como objetivo la presentación del trabajo desarrollado en el proyecto europeo de investigación PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, en portugués), el cual se ha desarrollado de forma cooperativa por la Universidad de Sevilla (España) y la Universidad del Algarve (Portugal). Dicho proyecto de investigación se centra en el estudio y la valoración del riesgo sísmico de edificios de educación primaria en el territorio del Algarve (Portugal) y Huelva (España). Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los objetivos establecidos por las Plataformas Nacionales para la Reducción de Riesgo de Catástrofes (PNRRC) de las Comisiones Nacionales de Protección Civil de Portugal y de España.