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1. An overview of approaches for assessing the environmental sustainability of diets – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Author: Benton, Tim G., Harwatt, Helen, Høyer-Lund, Anne, Meltzer, Helle Margrete, Trolle, Ellen, Blomhoff, Rune, Benton, Tim G., Harwatt, Helen, Høyer-Lund, Anne, Meltzer, Helle Margrete, Trolle, Ellen, and Blomhoff, Rune
Abstract: Assessing the environmental impacts of food, food systems and diets is highly complex due to the multitude of processes involved, the uncertainty in assessment models, the variability in production systems and the large range of products available. No single assessment method alone can provide a complete evidence base. The increasing number of Life Cycle Assessment and food system analyses, and more recently the integration of planetary boundaries offer insights from which we can draw some robust high-level conclusions, whilst recognising there is a need for more detailed analysis to capture the inherent nuances of more location and context-specific situations. Despite the complexity of assessing the environmental sustainability of food, diets and food systems, there are a number of key considerations that could be used to guide this process, and in doing so, they help to increase utility of the outcomes and limit unintended adverse consequences. We identified five key considerations that can be applied (consider the thresholds, consider the system, consider the variables, consider the context and consider the spillover) to ensure assessments are comprehensive.
Published: 2024

2. Research priorities for global food security under extreme events.

Author: Mehrabi, Zia, Mehrabi, Zia, Delzeit, Ruth, Ignaciuk, Adriana, Levers, Christian, Braich, Ginni, Bajaj, Kushank, Amo-Aidoo, Araba, Anderson, Weston, Balgah, Roland A, Benton, Tim G, Chari, Martin M, Ellis, Erle C, Gahi, Narcisse Z, Gaupp, Franziska, Garibaldi, Lucas A, Gerber, James S, Godde, Cecile M, Grass, Ingo, Heimann, Tobias, Hirons, Mark, Hoogenboom, Gerrit, Jain, Meha, James, Dana, Makowski, David, Masamha, Blessing, Meng, Sisi, Monprapussorn, Sathaporn, Müller, Daniel, Nelson, Andrew, Newlands, Nathaniel K, Noack, Frederik, Oronje, MaryLucy, Raymond, Colin, Reichstein, Markus, Rieseberg, Loren H, Rodriguez-Llanes, Jose M, Rosenstock, Todd, Rowhani, Pedram, Sarhadi, Ali, Seppelt, Ralf, Sidhu, Balsher S, Snapp, Sieglinde, Soma, Tammara, Sparks, Adam H, Teh, Louise, Tigchelaar, Michelle, Vogel, Martha M, West, Paul C, Wittman, Hannah, You, Liangzhi, Mehrabi, Zia, Mehrabi, Zia, Delzeit, Ruth, Ignaciuk, Adriana, Levers, Christian, Braich, Ginni, Bajaj, Kushank, Amo-Aidoo, Araba, Anderson, Weston, Balgah, Roland A, Benton, Tim G, Chari, Martin M, Ellis, Erle C, Gahi, Narcisse Z, Gaupp, Franziska, Garibaldi, Lucas A, Gerber, James S, Godde, Cecile M, Grass, Ingo, Heimann, Tobias, Hirons, Mark, Hoogenboom, Gerrit, Jain, Meha, James, Dana, Makowski, David, Masamha, Blessing, Meng, Sisi, Monprapussorn, Sathaporn, Müller, Daniel, Nelson, Andrew, Newlands, Nathaniel K, Noack, Frederik, Oronje, MaryLucy, Raymond, Colin, Reichstein, Markus, Rieseberg, Loren H, Rodriguez-Llanes, Jose M, Rosenstock, Todd, Rowhani, Pedram, Sarhadi, Ali, Seppelt, Ralf, Sidhu, Balsher S, Snapp, Sieglinde, Soma, Tammara, Sparks, Adam H, Teh, Louise, Tigchelaar, Michelle, Vogel, Martha M, West, Paul C, Wittman, Hannah, and You, Liangzhi
Abstract: Extreme events, such as those caused by climate change, economic or geopolitical shocks, and pest or disease epidemics, threaten global food security. The complexity of causation, as well as the myriad ways that an event, or a sequence of events, creates cascading and systemic impacts, poses significant challenges to food systems research and policy alike. To identify priority food security risks and research opportunities, we asked experts from a range of fields and geographies to describe key threats to global food security over the next two decades and to suggest key research questions and gaps on this topic. Here, we present a prioritization of threats to global food security from extreme events, as well as emerging research questions that highlight the conceptual and practical challenges that exist in designing, adopting, and governing resilient food systems. We hope that these findings help in directing research funding and resources toward food system transformations needed to help society tackle major food system risks and food insecurity under extreme events.
Published: 2022

3. Sustainable food systems and nutrition in the 21st century: A report from the 22nd annual harvard nutrition obesity symposium

Author: Fanzo, Jessica; Rudie, Coral; Sigman, Iman; Grinspoon, Steven; Benton, Tim G.; Covic, Namukolo, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6566-9803 Covic, Namukolo, Fanzo, Jessica; Rudie, Coral; Sigman, Iman; Grinspoon, Steven; Benton, Tim G.; Covic, Namukolo, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6566-9803 Covic, Namukolo
Abstract: PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP4; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), Food systems are at the center of a brewing storm consisting of a rapidly changing climate, rising hunger and malnutrition and significant social inequities. At the same time, there are vast opportunities to ensure that food systems produce healthy and safe food in equitable ways that promote environmental sustainability, especially if the world can come together at the UN Food Systems Summit in late 2021 and make strong and binding commitments towards food system transformation. The NIH-funded Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard and the Harvard Medical School Division of Nutrition held their 22nd Annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium entitled “Global Food Systems and Sustainable Nutrition in the 21st Century” in June 2021. This paper presents a synthesis of this symposium and highlights the importance of food systems to address the burden of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases, climate change, and the economic and social inequities. Transformation of food systems is possible, and the nutrition and health communities have a significant role to play in this transformative process.
Published: 2022

4. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, Rockström, Johan, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan
Abstract: Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level.
Published: 2021

5. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, Rockström, Johan, Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan
Published: 2021

6. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, Rockström, Johan, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan
Published: 2021

7. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, Rockström, Johan, Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan
Published: 2021

8. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, Rockström, Johan, Environmental Governance, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan
Published: 2021

9. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., Rockström, Johan, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., and Rockström, Johan
Abstract: Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level.
Published: 2021

10. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., Rockström, Johan, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., and Rockström, Johan
Abstract: Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level.
Published: 2021

11. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C.L., Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H.E., West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., Rockström, Johan, Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B., Benton, Tim G., Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R., Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M., Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C.L., Naylor, Rosamond L., Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J., Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H.E., West, Paul C., Wood, Stephen A., and Rockström, Johan
Abstract: Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level.
Published: 2021

12. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

13. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

14. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

15. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

16. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockström, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

17. Climate change responses benefit from a global food system approach

Author: Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Mbow, Cheikh, Barioni, Luis G., Benton, Tim G., Herrero, Mario, Krishnapillai, Murukesan, Liwenga, Emma T., Pradhan, Prajal, Rivera-Ferre, Marta G., Sapkota, Tek, Tubiello, Francesco N., Xu, Yinlong, Mencos Contreras, Erik, Portugal-Pereira, Joana, Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Mbow, Cheikh, Barioni, Luis G., Benton, Tim G., Herrero, Mario, Krishnapillai, Murukesan, Liwenga, Emma T., Pradhan, Prajal, Rivera-Ferre, Marta G., Sapkota, Tek, Tubiello, Francesco N., Xu, Yinlong, Mencos Contreras, Erik, and Portugal-Pereira, Joana
Abstract: A food system framework breaks down entrenched sectoral categories and existing adaptation and mitigation silos, presenting novel ways of assessing and enabling integrated climate change solutions from production to consumption.
Published: 2020

18. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockstrom, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockstrom, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the transformation of the food system. This Perspective identifies promising technologies, assesses their readiness and proposes eight action points to accelerate innovation.Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

19. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system

Author: Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockstrom, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, West, Paul C., Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Benton, Tim G., Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Bogard, Jessica R., Hall, Andrew, Lee, Bernice, Nyborg, Karine, Pradhan, Prajal, Bonnett, Graham D., Bryan, Brett A., Campbell, Bruce M., Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Cook, Mathew T., de Boer, Imke J. M., Downs, Chris, Dizyee, Kanar, Folberth, Christian, Godde, Cecile M., Gerber, James S., Grundy, Michael, Havlik, Petr, Jarvis, Andrew, King, Richard, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Lopes, Mauricio A., McIntyre, C. Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond, Navarro, Javier, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Peoples, Mark B., Pikaar, Ilje, Popp, Alexander, Rockstrom, Johan, Robertson, Michael J., Smith, Pete, Stehfest, Elke, Swain, Steve M., Valin, Hugo, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah H. E., Vermeulen, Sonja, Vervoort, Joost, and West, Paul C.
Abstract: Technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the transformation of the food system. This Perspective identifies promising technologies, assesses their readiness and proposes eight action points to accelerate innovation.Future technologies and systemic innovation are critical for the profound transformation the food system needs. These innovations range from food production, land use and emissions, all the way to improved diets and waste management. Here, we identify these technologies, assess their readiness and propose eight action points that could accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable food system. We argue that the speed of innovation could be significantly increased with the appropriate incentives, regulations and social licence. These, in turn, require constructive stakeholder dialogue and clear transition pathways.
Published: 2020

20. Aligning evidence generation and use across health, development, and environment

Author: Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, Zobrist, Stephanie, Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, and Zobrist, Stephanie
Abstract: Although health, development, and environment challenges are interconnected, evidence remains fractured across sectors due to methodological and conceptual differences in research and practice. Aligned methods are needed to support Sustainable Development Goal advances and similar agendas. The Bridge Collaborative, an emergent research-practice collaboration, presents principles and recommendations that help harmonize methods for evidence generation and use. Recommendations were generated in the context of designing and evaluating evidence of impact for interventions related to five global challenges (stabilizing the global climate, making food production sustainable, decreasing air pollution and respiratory disease, improving sanitation and water security, and solving hunger and malnutrition) and serve as a starting point for further iteration and testing in a broader set of contexts and disciplines. We adopted six principles and emphasize three methodological recommendations: (1) creation of compatible results chains, (2) consideration of all relevant types of evidence, and (3) evaluation of strength of evidence using a unified rubric. We provide detailed suggestions for how these recommendations can be applied in practice, streamlining efforts to apply multi-objective approaches and/or synthesize evidence in multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary teams. These recommendations advance the necessary process of reconciling existing evidence standards in health, development, and environment, and initiate a common basis for integrated evidence generation and use in research, practice, and policy design.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Aligning evidence generation and use across health, development, and environment

Author: Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, Zobrist, Stephanie, Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, and Zobrist, Stephanie
Abstract: Although health, development, and environment challenges are interconnected, evidence remains fractured across sectors due to methodological and conceptual differences in research and practice. Aligned methods are needed to support Sustainable Development Goal advances and similar agendas. The Bridge Collaborative, an emergent research-practice collaboration, presents principles and recommendations that help harmonize methods for evidence generation and use. Recommendations were generated in the context of designing and evaluating evidence of impact for interventions related to five global challenges (stabilizing the global climate, making food production sustainable, decreasing air pollution and respiratory disease, improving sanitation and water security, and solving hunger and malnutrition) and serve as a starting point for further iteration and testing in a broader set of contexts and disciplines. We adopted six principles and emphasize three methodological recommendations: (1) creation of compatible results chains, (2) consideration of all relevant types of evidence, and (3) evaluation of strength of evidence using a unified rubric. We provide detailed suggestions for how these recommendations can be applied in practice, streamlining efforts to apply multi-objective approaches and/or synthesize evidence in multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary teams. These recommendations advance the necessary process of reconciling existing evidence standards in health, development, and environment, and initiate a common basis for integrated evidence generation and use in research, practice, and policy design.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Aligning evidence generation and use across health, development, and environment

Author: Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, Zobrist, Stephanie, Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, and Zobrist, Stephanie
Abstract: Although health, development, and environment challenges are interconnected, evidence remains fractured across sectors due to methodological and conceptual differences in research and practice. Aligned methods are needed to support Sustainable Development Goal advances and similar agendas. The Bridge Collaborative, an emergent research-practice collaboration, presents principles and recommendations that help harmonize methods for evidence generation and use. Recommendations were generated in the context of designing and evaluating evidence of impact for interventions related to five global challenges (stabilizing the global climate, making food production sustainable, decreasing air pollution and respiratory disease, improving sanitation and water security, and solving hunger and malnutrition) and serve as a starting point for further iteration and testing in a broader set of contexts and disciplines. We adopted six principles and emphasize three methodological recommendations: (1) creation of compatible results chains, (2) consideration of all relevant types of evidence, and (3) evaluation of strength of evidence using a unified rubric. We provide detailed suggestions for how these recommendations can be applied in practice, streamlining efforts to apply multi-objective approaches and/or synthesize evidence in multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary teams. These recommendations advance the necessary process of reconciling existing evidence standards in health, development, and environment, and initiate a common basis for integrated evidence generation and use in research, practice, and policy design.
Published: 2019

23. Aligning evidence generation and use across health, development, and environment

Author: Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, Zobrist, Stephanie, Tallis, Heather, Kreis, Katharine, Olander, Lydia P., Ringler, Claudia, Ameyaw, David, Borsuk, Mark E., Fletschner, Diana, Game, Edward, Gilligan, Daniel O., Jeuland, Marc, Kennedy, Gina, Masuda, Yuta J., Mehta, Sumi, Miller, Nicholas, Parker, Megan, Pollino, Carmel, Rajaratnam, Julie, Wilkie, David, Zhang, Wei, Ahmed, Selena, Ajayi, Oluyede C., Alderman, Harold, Arhonditsis, George, Azevedo, Ines, Badola, Ruchi, Bailis, Rob, Balvanera, Patricia, Barbour, Emily, Bardini, Mark, Barton, David N., Baumgartner, Jill, Benton, Tim G., Bobrow, Emily, Bossio, Deborah, Bostrom, Ann, Braimoh, Ademola, Brondizio, Eduardo, Brown, Joe, Bryant, Benjamin P., Calder, Ryan S. D., Chaplin-Kramer, Becky, Cullen, Alison, DeMello, Nicole, Dickinson, Katherine L., Ebi, Kristie L., Eves, Heather E., Fanzo, Jessica, Ferraro, Paul J., Fisher, Brendan, Frongillo, Edward A., Galford, Gillian, Garrity, Dennis, Gatere, Lydiah, Grieshop, Andrew P., Grigg, Nicola J., Groves, Craig, Gugerty, Mary Kay, Hamm, Michael, Hou, Xiaoyue, Huang, Cindy, Imhoff, Marc, Jack, Darby, Jones, Andrew D., Kelsey, Rodd, Kothari, Monica, Kumar, Ritesh, Lachat, Carl, Larsen, Ashley E., Lawrence, Mark, DeClerck, Fabrice, Levin, Phillip S., Mabaya, Edward, Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald, McDonald, Robert, Mace, Georgina, Maertens, Ricardo, Mangale, Dorothy, Martino, Robin, Mason, Sara A., Mehta, Lyla, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, Merz, Barbara, Msangi, Siwa, Murray, Grant, Murray, Kris A., Naude, Celeste E., Newlands, Nathaniel K., Nkonya, Ephraim, Peterman, Amber, Petruney, Tricia, Possingham, Hugh, Puri, Jyotsna, Remans, Roseline, Remlinger, Lisa, Ricketts, Taylor H., Reta, Bedilu, Robinson, Brian E., Roe, Dilys, Rosenthal, Joshua, Shen, Guofeng, Shindell, Drew, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Sunderland, Terry, Sutherland, William J., Tewksbury, Joshua, Wasser, Heather, Wear, Stephanie, Webb, Chris, Whittington, Dale, Wilkerson, Marit, Wittmer, Heidi, Wood, Benjamin DK K., Wood, Stephen, Wu, Joyce, Yadama, Gautam, and Zobrist, Stephanie
Abstract: Although health, development, and environment challenges are interconnected, evidence remains fractured across sectors due to methodological and conceptual differences in research and practice. Aligned methods are needed to support Sustainable Development Goal advances and similar agendas. The Bridge Collaborative, an emergent research-practice collaboration, presents principles and recommendations that help harmonize methods for evidence generation and use. Recommendations were generated in the context of designing and evaluating evidence of impact for interventions related to five global challenges (stabilizing the global climate, making food production sustainable, decreasing air pollution and respiratory disease, improving sanitation and water security, and solving hunger and malnutrition) and serve as a starting point for further iteration and testing in a broader set of contexts and disciplines. We adopted six principles and emphasize three methodological recommendations: (1) creation of compatible results chains, (2) consideration of all relevant types of evidence, and (3) evaluation of strength of evidence using a unified rubric. We provide detailed suggestions for how these recommendations can be applied in practice, streamlining efforts to apply multi-objective approaches and/or synthesize evidence in multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary teams. These recommendations advance the necessary process of reconciling existing evidence standards in health, development, and environment, and initiate a common basis for integrated evidence generation and use in research, practice, and policy design.
Published: 2019

24. Food security

Author: Mbow, Cheikh, Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Barioni, Luis G., Benton, Tim G., Herrero, Mario, Krishnapillai, Murukesan, Liwenga, Emma T., Pradhan, Prajal, Rivera-Ferre, Marta G., Sapkota, Tek, Tubiello, Francesco N., Xu, Yinlong, Mbow, Cheikh, Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Barioni, Luis G., Benton, Tim G., Herrero, Mario, Krishnapillai, Murukesan, Liwenga, Emma T., Pradhan, Prajal, Rivera-Ferre, Marta G., Sapkota, Tek, Tubiello, Francesco N., and Xu, Yinlong
Published: 2019

25. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Abstract: Our current global food system – from food production to consumption, including manufacture, packaging, transport, retail and associated businesses – is responsible for extensive negative social and environmental impacts which threaten the long-term well-being of society. This has led to increasing calls from science–policy organizations for major reform and transformation of the global food system. However, our knowledge regarding food system transformations is fragmented and this is hindering the development of co-ordinated solutions. Here, we collate recent research across several academic disciplines and sectors in order to better understand the mechanisms that ‘lock-in’ food systems in unsustainable states.
Published: 2018

26. Global assessment of agricultural system redesign for sustainable intensification

Author: Pretty, Jules, Benton, Tim G., Bharucha, Zareen Pervez, Dicks, Lynn V., Flora, Cornelia Butler, Godfray, H. Charles J., Goulson, Dave, Hartley, Sue, Lampkin, Nic, Morris, Carol, Pierzynski, Gary, Prasad, P. V. Vara, Reganold, John, Rockström, Johan, Smith, Pete, Thorne, Peter, Wratten, Steve, Pretty, Jules, Benton, Tim G., Bharucha, Zareen Pervez, Dicks, Lynn V., Flora, Cornelia Butler, Godfray, H. Charles J., Goulson, Dave, Hartley, Sue, Lampkin, Nic, Morris, Carol, Pierzynski, Gary, Prasad, P. V. Vara, Reganold, John, Rockström, Johan, Smith, Pete, Thorne, Peter, and Wratten, Steve
Abstract: The sustainable intensification of agricultural systems offers synergistic opportunities for the co-production of agricultural and natural capital outcomes. Efficiency and substitution are steps towards sustainable intensification, but system redesign is essential to deliver optimum outcomes as ecological and economic conditions change. We show global progress towards sustainable intensification by farms and hectares, using seven sustainable intensification sub-types: integrated pest management, conservation agriculture, integrated crop and biodiversity, pasture and forage, trees, irrigation management and small or patch systems. From 47 sustainable intensification initiatives at scale (each > 10(4) farms or hectares), we estimate 163 million farms (29% of all worldwide) have crossed a redesign threshold, practising forms of sustainable intensification on 453 Mha of agricultural land (9% of worldwide total). Key challenges include investment to integrate more forms of sustainable intensification in farming systems, creating agricultural knowledge economies and establishing policy measures to scale sustainable intensification further. We conclude that sustainable intensification may be approaching a tipping point where it could be transformative.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Published: 2018

28. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Abstract: Our current global food system – from food production to consumption, including manufacture, packaging, transport, retail and associated businesses – is responsible for extensive negative social and environmental impacts which threaten the long-term well-being of society. This has led to increasing calls from science–policy organizations for major reform and transformation of the global food system. However, our knowledge regarding food system transformations is fragmented and this is hindering the development of co-ordinated solutions. Here, we collate recent research across several academic disciplines and sectors in order to better understand the mechanisms that ‘lock-in’ food systems in unsustainable states.
Published: 2018

29. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Published: 2018

30. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Environmental Governance, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Published: 2018

31. Overcoming undesirable resilience in the global food system

Author: Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., Zaum, Dominik, Oliver, Tom H., Boyd, Emily, Balcombe, Kelvin, Benton, Tim G., Bullock, James M., Donovan, Deanna, Feola, Giuseppe, Heard, Matthew, Mace, Georgina M., Mortimer, Simon R., Nunes, Richard J., Pywell, Richard F., and Zaum, Dominik
Abstract: Our current global food system – from food production to consumption, including manufacture, packaging, transport, retail and associated businesses – is responsible for extensive negative social and environmental impacts which threaten the long-term well-being of society. This has led to increasing calls from science–policy organizations for major reform and transformation of the global food system. However, our knowledge regarding food system transformations is fragmented and this is hindering the development of co-ordinated solutions. Here, we collate recent research across several academic disciplines and sectors in order to better understand the mechanisms that ‘lock-in’ food systems in unsustainable states.
Published: 2018

32. Early adoption of conservation agriculture practices: Understanding partial compliance in programs with multiple adoption decisions

Author: Ward, Patrick S.; Bell, Andrew R.; Droppelmann, Klaus; Benton, Tim G., http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8793-1200 Ward, Patrick S., Ward, Patrick S.; Bell, Andrew R.; Droppelmann, Klaus; Benton, Tim G., and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8793-1200 Ward, Patrick S.
Abstract: PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Assets and Market Access; A Ensuring Sustainable food production; D Transforming Agriculture, EPTD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)
Published: 2018

33. Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment

Author: Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, Vira, Bhaskar, Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, and Vira, Bhaskar
Abstract: Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the ‘nexus’ of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboration with researchers to devise solutions to some of the foremost sustainability challenges of today. Yet opportunities are missed because the private sector is rarely involved in the formulation of deliverable research priorities. We convened senior research scientists and influential business leaders to collaboratively identify the top forty questions that, if answered, would best help companies understand and manage their food-energy-water-environment nexus dependencies and impacts. Codification of the top order nexus themes highlighted research priorities around development of pragmatic yet credible tools that allow businesses to incorporate nexus interactions into their decision-making; demonstration of the business case for more sustainable nexus management; identification of the most effective levers for behaviour change; and understanding incentives or circumstances that allow individuals and businesses to take a leadership stance. Greater investment in the complex but productive relations between the private sector and research community will create deeper and more meaningful collaboration and cooperation.
Published: 2017

34. Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment

Author: Green, Jonathan M. H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S. C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O'Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B. N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, Vira, Bhaskar, Green, Jonathan M. H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S. C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O'Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B. N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, and Vira, Bhaskar
Abstract: Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the 'nexus' of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboration with researchers to devise solutions to some of the foremost sustainability challenges of today. Yet opportunities are missed because the private sector is rarely involved in the formulation of deliverable research priorities. We convened senior research scientists and influential business leaders to collaboratively identify the top forty questions that, if answered, would best help companies understand and manage their food-energy-water-environment nexus dependencies and impacts. Codification of the top order nexus themes highlighted research priorities around development of pragmatic yet credible tools that allow businesses to incorporate nexus interactions into their decision-making; demonstration of the business case for more sustainable nexus management; identification of the most effective levers for behaviour change; and understanding incentives or circumstances that allow individuals and businesses to take a leadership stance. Greater investment in the complex but productive relations between the private sector and research community will create deeper and more meaningful collaboration and cooperation.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment

Author: Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, Vira, Bhaskar, Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, and Vira, Bhaskar
Abstract: Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the ‘nexus’ of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboration with researchers to devise solutions to some of the foremost sustainability challenges of today. Yet opportunities are missed because the private sector is rarely involved in the formulation of deliverable research priorities. We convened senior research scientists and influential business leaders to collaboratively identify the top forty questions that, if answered, would best help companies understand and manage their food-energy-water-environment nexus dependencies and impacts. Codification of the top order nexus themes highlighted research priorities around development of pragmatic yet credible tools that allow businesses to incorporate nexus interactions into their decision-making; demonstration of the business case for more sustainable nexus management; identification of the most effective levers for behaviour change; and understanding incentives or circumstances that allow individuals and businesses to take a leadership stance. Greater investment in the complex but productive relations between the private sector and research community will create deeper and more meaningful collaboration and cooperation.
Published: 2017

36. Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe

Author: Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J.B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., Marini, Lorenzo, Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J.B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., and Marini, Lorenzo
Abstract: Land-use change is one of the primary drivers of species loss, yet little is known about its effect on other components of biodiversity that may be at risk. Here, we ask whether, and to what extent, landscape simplification, measured as the percentage of arable land in the landscape, disrupts the functional and phylogenetic association between primary producers and consumers. Across seven European regions, we inferred the potential associations (functional and phylogenetic) between host plants and butterflies in 561 semi-natural grasslands. Local plant diversity showed a strong bottom-up effect on butterfly diversity in the most complex landscapes, but this effect disappeared in simple landscapes. The functional associations between plant and butterflies are, therefore, the results of processes that act not only locally but are also dependent on the surrounding landscape context. Similarly, landscape simplification reduced the phylogenetic congruence among host plants and butterflies indicating that closely related butterflies become more generalist in the resources used. These processes occurred without any detectable change in species richness of plants or butterflies along the gradient of arable land. The structural properties of ecosystems are experiencing substantial erosion, with potentially pervasive effects on ecosystem functions and future evolutionary trajectories. Loss of interacting species might trigger cascading extinction events and reduce the stability of trophic interactions, as well as influence the longer-term resilience of ecosystem functions. This underscores a growing realization that species richness is a crude and insensitive metric and that both functional and phylogenetic associations, measured across multiple trophic levels, are likely to provide additional and deeper insights into the resilience of ecosystems, and the functions they provide.
Published: 2017

37. Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe

Author: Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J. B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., Marini, Lorenzo, Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J. B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., and Marini, Lorenzo
Abstract: Land-use change is one of the primary drivers of species loss, yet little is known about its effect on other components of biodiversity that may be at risk. Here, we ask whether, and to what extent, landscape simplification, measured as the percentage of arable land in the landscape, disrupts the functional and phylogenetic association between primary producers and consumers. Across seven European regions, we inferred the potential associations (functional and phylogenetic) between host plants and butterflies in 561 seminatural grasslands. Local plant diversity showed a strong bottom-up effect on butterfly diversity in the most complex landscapes, but this effect disappeared in simple landscapes. The functional associations between plant and butterflies are, therefore, the results of processes that act not only locally but are also dependent on the surrounding landscape context. Similarly, landscape simplification reduced the phylogenetic congruence among host plants and butterflies indicating that closely related butterflies become more generalist in the resources used. These processes occurred without any detectable change in species richness of plants or butterflies along the gradient of arable land. The structural properties of ecosystems are experiencing substantial erosion, with potentially pervasive effects on ecosystem functions and future evolutionary trajectories. Loss of interacting species might trigger cascading extinction events and reduce the stability of trophic interactions, as well as influence the longer term resilience of ecosystem functions. This underscores a growing realization that species richness is a crude and insensitive metric and that both functional and phylogenetic associations, measured across multiple trophic levels, are likely to provide additional and deeper insights into the resilience of ecosystems and the functions they provide.
Published: 2017
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38. Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment

Author: Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, Vira, Bhaskar, Green, Jonathan M.H., Cranston, Gemma R., Sutherland, William J., Tranter, Hannah R., Bell, Sarah J., Benton, Tim G., Blixt, Eva, Bowe, Colm, Broadley, Sarah, Brown, Andrew, Brown, Chris, Burns, Neil, Butler, David, Collins, Hannah, Crowley, Helen, DeKoszmovszky, Justin, Firbank, Les G., Fulford, Brett, Gardner, Toby A., Hails, Rosemary S., Halvorson, Sharla, Jack, Michael, Kerrison, Ben, Koh, Lenny S.C., Lang, Steven C., McKenzie, Emily J., Monsivais, Pablo, O’Riordan, Timothy, Osborn, Jeremy, Oswald, Stephen, Price Thomas, Emma, Raffaelli, David, Reyers, Belinda, Srai, Jagjit S., Strassburg, Bernardo B.N., Webster, David, Welters, Ruth, Whiteman, Gail, Wilsdon, James, and Vira, Bhaskar
Abstract: Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the ‘nexus’ of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboration with researchers to devise solutions to some of the foremost sustainability challenges of today. Yet opportunities are missed because the private sector is rarely involved in the formulation of deliverable research priorities. We convened senior research scientists and influential business leaders to collaboratively identify the top forty questions that, if answered, would best help companies understand and manage their food-energy-water-environment nexus dependencies and impacts. Codification of the top order nexus themes highlighted research priorities around development of pragmatic yet credible tools that allow businesses to incorporate nexus interactions into their decision-making; demonstration of the business case for more sustainable nexus management; identification of the most effective levers for behaviour change; and understanding incentives or circumstances that allow individuals and businesses to take a leadership stance. Greater investment in the complex but productive relations between the private sector and research community will create deeper and more meaningful collaboration and cooperation.
Published: 2017

39. Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe

Author: Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J.B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., Marini, Lorenzo, Dainese, Matteo, Isaac, Nick J.B., Powney, Gary D., Bommarco, Riccardo, Öckinger, Erik, Kuussaari, Mikko, Pöyry, Juha, Benton, Tim G., Gabriel, Doreen, Hodgson, Jenny A., Kunin, William E., Lindborg, Regina, Sait, Steven M., and Marini, Lorenzo
Abstract: Land-use change is one of the primary drivers of species loss, yet little is known about its effect on other components of biodiversity that may be at risk. Here, we ask whether, and to what extent, landscape simplification, measured as the percentage of arable land in the landscape, disrupts the functional and phylogenetic association between primary producers and consumers. Across seven European regions, we inferred the potential associations (functional and phylogenetic) between host plants and butterflies in 561 semi-natural grasslands. Local plant diversity showed a strong bottom-up effect on butterfly diversity in the most complex landscapes, but this effect disappeared in simple landscapes. The functional associations between plant and butterflies are, therefore, the results of processes that act not only locally but are also dependent on the surrounding landscape context. Similarly, landscape simplification reduced the phylogenetic congruence among host plants and butterflies indicating that closely related butterflies become more generalist in the resources used. These processes occurred without any detectable change in species richness of plants or butterflies along the gradient of arable land. The structural properties of ecosystems are experiencing substantial erosion, with potentially pervasive effects on ecosystem functions and future evolutionary trajectories. Loss of interacting species might trigger cascading extinction events and reduce the stability of trophic interactions, as well as influence the longer-term resilience of ecosystem functions. This underscores a growing realization that species richness is a crude and insensitive metric and that both functional and phylogenetic associations, measured across multiple trophic levels, are likely to provide additional and deeper insights into the resilience of ecosystems, and the functions they provide.
Published: 2017

40. Inter-patch movement in an experimental system : the effects of life history and the environment

Author: O'Sullivan, Daniel, Benton, Tim G., Cameron, Tom C., O'Sullivan, Daniel, Benton, Tim G., and Cameron, Tom C.
Abstract: An important process for the persistence of populations subjected to habitat loss and fragmentation is the dispersal of individuals between habitat patches. Dispersal involves emigration from a habitat patch, movement between patches through the surrounding landscape, and immigration into a new suitable habitat patch. Both landscape and physical condition of the disperser are known to influence dispersal ability, although disentangling these effects can often be difficult in the wild. In one of the first studies of its kind, we used an invertebrate model system to investigate how dispersal success is affected by the interaction between the habitat condition, as determined by food availability, and life history characteristics (which are also influenced by food availability). Dispersal of juvenile and adult mites (male and female) from either high food or low food natal patches were tested separately in connected three patch systems where the intervening habitat patches were suitable (food supplied) or unsuitable (no food supplied). We found that dispersal success was reduced when low food habitat patches were coupled to colonising patches via unsuitable intervening patches. Larger body size was shown to be a good predictor of dispersal success, particularly when the intervening landscape is unsuitable. Our results suggest that there is an interaction between habitat fragmentation and habitat suitability in determining dispersal success: if patches degrade in suitability and this affects the ability to disperse successfully then the effective connectance across landscapes may be lowered. Understanding these consequences will be important in informing our understanding of how species, and the communities in which they are embedded, may potentially respond to habitat fragmentation.
Published: 2014
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41. Eco-evolutionary dynamics in response to selection on life-history

Author: Cameron, Thomas C., O'Sullivan, Daniel, Reynolds, Alan, Piertney, Stuart B., Benton, Tim G., Cameron, Thomas C., O'Sullivan, Daniel, Reynolds, Alan, Piertney, Stuart B., and Benton, Tim G.
Abstract: Understanding the consequences of environmental change on ecological and evolutionary dynamics is inherently problematic because of the complex interplay between them. Using invertebrates in microcosms, we characterise phenotypic, population and evolutionary dynamics before, during and after exposure to a novel environment and harvesting over 20 generations. We demonstrate an evolved change in life-history traits (the age- and size-at-maturity, and survival to maturity) in response to selection caused by environmental change (wild to laboratory) and to harvesting (juvenile or adult). Life-history evolution, which drives changes in population growth rate and thus population dynamics, includes an increase in age-to-maturity of 76% (from 12.5 to 22days) in the unharvested populations as they adapt to the new environment. Evolutionary responses to harvesting are outweighed by the response to environmental change (similar to 1.4 vs. 4% change in age-at-maturity per generation). The adaptive response to environmental change converts a negative population growth trajectory into a positive one: an example of evolutionary rescue.
Published: 2013
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42. Predictive systems ecology

Author: Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., Benton, Tim G., Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., and Benton, Tim G.
Abstract: Human societies, and their well-being, depend to a significant extent on the state of the ecosystems that surround them. These ecosystems are changing rapidly usually in response to anthropogenic changes in the environment. To determine the likely impact of environmental change on ecosystems and the best ways to manage them, it would be desirable to be able to predict their future states. We present a proposal to develop the paradigm of predictive systems ecology, explicitly to understand and predict the properties and behaviour of ecological systems. We discuss the necessary and desirable features of predictive systems ecology models. There are places where predictive systems ecology is already being practised and we summarize a range of terrestrial and marine examples. Significant challenges remain but we suggest that ecology would benefit both as a scientific discipline and increase its impact in society if it were to embrace the need to become more predictive.
Published: 2013
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43. What do we need to know to enhance the environmental sustainability of agricultural production?: a prioritisation of knowledge needs for the UK food system

Author: Dicks, Lynn V., Bardgett, Richard D., Bell, Jenny, Benton, Tim G., Booth, Angela, Bouwman, Jan, Brown, Chris, Bruce, Ann, Burgess, Paul J., Butler, Simon J., Crute, Ian, Dixon, Frances, Drummond, Caroline, Freckleton, Robert P., Gill, Maggie, Graham, Andrea, Hails, Rosie S., Hallett, James, Hart, Beth, Hillier, Jon G., Holland, John M., Huxley, Jonathan N., Ingram, John S.I., King, Vanessa, MacMillan, Tom, McGonigle, Daniel F., McQuaid, Carmel, Nevard, Tim, Norman, Steve, Norris, Ken, Pazderka, Catherine, Poonaji, Inder, Quinn, Claire H., Ramsden, Stephen J., Sinclair, Duncan, Siriwardena, Gavin M., Vickery, Juliet A., Whitmore, Andrew P., Wolmer, William, Sutherland, William J., Dicks, Lynn V., Bardgett, Richard D., Bell, Jenny, Benton, Tim G., Booth, Angela, Bouwman, Jan, Brown, Chris, Bruce, Ann, Burgess, Paul J., Butler, Simon J., Crute, Ian, Dixon, Frances, Drummond, Caroline, Freckleton, Robert P., Gill, Maggie, Graham, Andrea, Hails, Rosie S., Hallett, James, Hart, Beth, Hillier, Jon G., Holland, John M., Huxley, Jonathan N., Ingram, John S.I., King, Vanessa, MacMillan, Tom, McGonigle, Daniel F., McQuaid, Carmel, Nevard, Tim, Norman, Steve, Norris, Ken, Pazderka, Catherine, Poonaji, Inder, Quinn, Claire H., Ramsden, Stephen J., Sinclair, Duncan, Siriwardena, Gavin M., Vickery, Juliet A., Whitmore, Andrew P., Wolmer, William, and Sutherland, William J.
Abstract: Increasing concerns about global environmental change and food security have focused attention on the need for environmentally sustainable agriculture. This is agriculture that makes efficient use of natural resources and does not degrade the environmental systems that underpin it, or deplete natural capital stocks. We convened a group of 29 ‘practitioners’ and 17 environmental scientists with direct involvement or expertise in the environmental sustainability of agriculture. The practitioners included representatives from UK industry, non-government organizations and government agencies. We collaboratively developed a long list of 264 knowledge needs to help enhance the environmental sustainability of agriculture within the UK or for the UK market. We refined and selected the most important knowledge needs through a three-stage process of voting, discussion and scoring. Scientists and practitioners identified similar priorities. We present the 26 highest priority knowledge needs. Many of them demand integration of knowledge from different disciplines to inform policy and practice. The top five are about sustainability of livestock feed, trade-offs between ecosystem services at farm or landscape scale, phosphorus recycling and metrics to measure sustainability. The outcomes will be used to guide on-going knowledge exchange work, future science policy and funding.
Published: 2013

44. Predictive systems ecology

Author: Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., Benton, Tim G., Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., and Benton, Tim G.
Abstract: Human societies, and their well-being, depend to a significant extent on the state of the ecosystems that surround them. These ecosystems are changing rapidly usually in response to anthropogenic changes in the environment. To determine the likely impact of environmental change on ecosystems and the best ways to manage them, it would be desirable to be able to predict their future states. We present a proposal to develop the paradigm of predictive systems ecology, explicitly to understand and predict the properties and behaviour of ecological systems. We discuss the necessary and desirable features of predictive systems ecology models. There are places where predictive systems ecology is already being practised and we summarize a range of terrestrial and marine examples. Significant challenges remain but we suggest that ecology would benefit both as a scientific discipline and increase its impact in society if it were to embrace the need to become more predictive.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Predictive systems ecology

Author: Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., Benton, Tim G., Evans, Matthew R., Bithell, Mike, Cornell, Stephen J., Dall, Sasha R. X., Diaz, Sandra, Emmott, Stephen, Ernande, Bruno, Grimm, Volker, Hodgson, David J., Lewis, Simon L., Mace, Georgina M., Morecroft, Michael, Moustakas, Aristides, Murphy, Eugene, Newbold, Tim, Norris, K. J., Petchey, Owen, Smith, Matthew, Travis, Justin M. J., and Benton, Tim G.
Abstract: Human societies, and their well-being, depend to a significant extent on the state of the ecosystems that surround them. These ecosystems are changing rapidly usually in response to anthropogenic changes in the environment. To determine the likely impact of environmental change on ecosystems and the best ways to manage them, it would be desirable to be able to predict their future states. We present a proposal to develop the paradigm of predictive systems ecology, explicitly to understand and predict the properties and behaviour of ecological systems. We discuss the necessary and desirable features of predictive systems ecology models. There are places where predictive systems ecology is already being practised and we summarize a range of terrestrial and marine examples. Significant challenges remain but we suggest that ecology would benefit both as a scientific discipline and increase its impact in society if it were to embrace the need to become more predictive.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. What do we need to know to enhance the environmental sustainability of agricultural production?: a prioritisation of knowledge needs for the UK food system

Author: Dicks, Lynn V., Bardgett, Richard D., Bell, Jenny, Benton, Tim G., Booth, Angela, Bouwman, Jan, Brown, Chris, Bruce, Ann, Burgess, Paul J., Butler, Simon J., Crute, Ian, Dixon, Frances, Drummond, Caroline, Freckleton, Robert P., Gill, Maggie, Graham, Andrea, Hails, Rosie S., Hallett, James, Hart, Beth, Hillier, Jon G., Holland, John M., Huxley, Jonathan N., Ingram, John S.I., King, Vanessa, MacMillan, Tom, McGonigle, Daniel F., McQuaid, Carmel, Nevard, Tim, Norman, Steve, Norris, Ken, Pazderka, Catherine, Poonaji, Inder, Quinn, Claire H., Ramsden, Stephen J., Sinclair, Duncan, Siriwardena, Gavin M., Vickery, Juliet A., Whitmore, Andrew P., Wolmer, William, Sutherland, William J., Dicks, Lynn V., Bardgett, Richard D., Bell, Jenny, Benton, Tim G., Booth, Angela, Bouwman, Jan, Brown, Chris, Bruce, Ann, Burgess, Paul J., Butler, Simon J., Crute, Ian, Dixon, Frances, Drummond, Caroline, Freckleton, Robert P., Gill, Maggie, Graham, Andrea, Hails, Rosie S., Hallett, James, Hart, Beth, Hillier, Jon G., Holland, John M., Huxley, Jonathan N., Ingram, John S.I., King, Vanessa, MacMillan, Tom, McGonigle, Daniel F., McQuaid, Carmel, Nevard, Tim, Norman, Steve, Norris, Ken, Pazderka, Catherine, Poonaji, Inder, Quinn, Claire H., Ramsden, Stephen J., Sinclair, Duncan, Siriwardena, Gavin M., Vickery, Juliet A., Whitmore, Andrew P., Wolmer, William, and Sutherland, William J.
Abstract: Increasing concerns about global environmental change and food security have focused attention on the need for environmentally sustainable agriculture. This is agriculture that makes efficient use of natural resources and does not degrade the environmental systems that underpin it, or deplete natural capital stocks. We convened a group of 29 ‘practitioners’ and 17 environmental scientists with direct involvement or expertise in the environmental sustainability of agriculture. The practitioners included representatives from UK industry, non-government organizations and government agencies. We collaboratively developed a long list of 264 knowledge needs to help enhance the environmental sustainability of agriculture within the UK or for the UK market. We refined and selected the most important knowledge needs through a three-stage process of voting, discussion and scoring. Scientists and practitioners identified similar priorities. We present the 26 highest priority knowledge needs. Many of them demand integration of knowledge from different disciplines to inform policy and practice. The top five are about sustainability of livestock feed, trade-offs between ecosystem services at farm or landscape scale, phosphorus recycling and metrics to measure sustainability. The outcomes will be used to guide on-going knowledge exchange work, future science policy and funding.
Published: 2013

47. Population Responses to Perturbations : The Importance of Trait-Based Analysis Illustrated through a Microcosm Experiment

Author: Ozgul, Arpat, Coulson, Tim, Reynolds, Alan, Cameron, Tom C., Benton, Tim G., Ozgul, Arpat, Coulson, Tim, Reynolds, Alan, Cameron, Tom C., and Benton, Tim G.
Abstract: Environmental change continually perturbs populations from a stable state, leading to transient dynamics that can last multiple generations. Several long-term studies have reported changes in trait distributions along with demographic response to environmental change. Here we conducted an experimental study on soil mites and investigated the interaction between demography and an individual trait over a period of nonstationary dynamics. By following individual fates and body sizes at each life-history stage, we investigated how body size and population density influenced demographic rates. By comparing the ability of two alternative approaches, a matrix projection model and an integral projection model, we investigated whether consideration of trait-based demography enhances our ability to predict transient dynamics. By utilizing a prospective perturbation analysis, we addressed which stage-specific demographic or trait-transition rate had the greatest influence on population dynamics. Both body size and population density had important effects on most rates; however, these effects differed substantially among life-history stages. Considering the observed trait-demography relationships resulted in better predictions of a population's response to perturbations, which highlights the role of phenotypic plasticity in transient dynamics. Although the perturbation analyses provided comparable predictions of stage-specific elasticities between the matrix and integral projection models, the order of importance of the life-history stages differed between the two analyses. In conclusion, we demonstrate how a trait-based demographic approach provides further insight into transient population dynamics.
Published: 2012
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48. Costs of dispersal

Author: Ghent University, Belgium - Dept. Biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,UK, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France - Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, University of Helsinki, Finland - Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium - Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK - School of Biological Sciences, Université de liége, Liége, Belgium - F.R.S.-FNRS, Unité de Biologie du Comportement, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, France - UMR 7204 MNHN/CNRS/UPMC, University of Wuerzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK - Faculty of Biological Sciences, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, Saint-Girons, France, University of York, York,UK - Department of Biology, University of Helsinki, Finland - Laboratory of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, Department of Biosciences, Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurélie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Mélanie, Lehouck, Valérie, Matthysen, Eric, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audray, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, Travis, Justin M.J., Ghent University, Belgium - Dept. Biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,UK, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France - Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, University of Helsinki, Finland - Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium - Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK - School of Biological Sciences, Université de liége, Liége, Belgium - F.R.S.-FNRS, Unité de Biologie du Comportement, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, France - UMR 7204 MNHN/CNRS/UPMC, University of Wuerzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK - Faculty of Biological Sciences, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, Saint-Girons, France, University of York, York,UK - Department of Biology, University of Helsinki, Finland - Laboratory of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, Department of Biosciences, Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurélie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Mélanie, Lehouck, Valérie, Matthysen, Eric, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audray, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, and Travis, Justin M.J.
Abstract: Dispersal costs can be classified into energetic, time, risk and opportunity costs and may be levied directly or deferred during departure, transfer and settlement. They may equally be incurred during life stages before the actual dispersal event through investments in special morphologies. Because costs will eventually determine the performance of dispersing individuals and the evolution of dispersal, we here provide an extensive review on the different cost types that occur during dispersal in a wide array of organisms, ranging from micro-organisms to plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. In general, costs of transfer have been more widely documented in actively dispersing organisms, in contrast to a greater focus on costs during departure and settlement in plants and animals with a passive transfer phase. Costs related to the development of specific dispersal attributes appear to be much more prominent than previously accepted. Because costs induce trade-offs, they give rise to covariation between dispersal and other life-history traits at different scales of organismal organisation. The consequences of (i) the presence and magnitude of different costs during different phases of the dispersal process, and (ii) their internal organisation through covariation with other life-history traits, are synthesised with respect to potential consequences for species conservation and the need for development of a new generation of spatial simulation models. © 2011 The Authors. Biological Reviews © 2011 Cambridge Philosophical Society.
Published: 2012

49. Costs of dispersal

Author: Ghent University, Belgium - Dept. Biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,UK, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France - Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, University of Helsinki, Finland - Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium - Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK - School of Biological Sciences, Université de liége, Liége, Belgium - F.R.S.-FNRS, Unité de Biologie du Comportement, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, France - UMR 7204 MNHN/CNRS/UPMC, University of Wuerzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK - Faculty of Biological Sciences, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, Saint-Girons, France, University of York, York,UK - Department of Biology, University of Helsinki, Finland - Laboratory of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, Department of Biosciences, Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurélie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Mélanie, Lehouck, Valérie, Matthysen, Eric, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audray, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, Travis, Justin M.J., Ghent University, Belgium - Dept. Biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,UK, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France - Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, University of Helsinki, Finland - Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium - Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK - School of Biological Sciences, Université de liége, Liége, Belgium - F.R.S.-FNRS, Unité de Biologie du Comportement, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, France - UMR 7204 MNHN/CNRS/UPMC, University of Wuerzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK - Faculty of Biological Sciences, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS a Moulis, Saint-Girons, France, University of York, York,UK - Department of Biology, University of Helsinki, Finland - Laboratory of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, Department of Biosciences, Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurélie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Mélanie, Lehouck, Valérie, Matthysen, Eric, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audray, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, and Travis, Justin M.J.
Abstract: Dispersal costs can be classified into energetic, time, risk and opportunity costs and may be levied directly or deferred during departure, transfer and settlement. They may equally be incurred during life stages before the actual dispersal event through investments in special morphologies. Because costs will eventually determine the performance of dispersing individuals and the evolution of dispersal, we here provide an extensive review on the different cost types that occur during dispersal in a wide array of organisms, ranging from micro-organisms to plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. In general, costs of transfer have been more widely documented in actively dispersing organisms, in contrast to a greater focus on costs during departure and settlement in plants and animals with a passive transfer phase. Costs related to the development of specific dispersal attributes appear to be much more prominent than previously accepted. Because costs induce trade-offs, they give rise to covariation between dispersal and other life-history traits at different scales of organismal organisation. The consequences of (i) the presence and magnitude of different costs during different phases of the dispersal process, and (ii) their internal organisation through covariation with other life-history traits, are synthesised with respect to potential consequences for species conservation and the need for development of a new generation of spatial simulation models. © 2011 The Authors. Biological Reviews © 2011 Cambridge Philosophical Society.
Published: 2012

50. Costs of dispersal

Author: Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurelie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Melanie, Lehouck, Valerie, Matthysen, Erik, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audrey, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, Travis, Justin M.J., Bonte, Dries, Van Dyck, Hans, Bullock, James M., Coulon, Aurelie, Delgado, Maria, Gibbs, Melanie, Lehouck, Valerie, Matthysen, Erik, Mustin, Karin, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Schtickzelle, Nicolas, Stevens, Virginie M., Vandewoestijne, Sofie, Baguette, Michel, Barton, Kamil, Benton, Tim G., Chaput-Bardy, Audrey, Clobert, Jean, Dytham, Calvin, Hovestadt, Thomas, Meier, Christoph M., Palmer, Steve C.F., Turlure, Camille, and Travis, Justin M.J.
Abstract: Dispersal costs can be classified into energetic, time, risk and opportunity costs and may be levied directly or deferred during departure, transfer and settlement. They may equally be incurred during life stages before the actual dispersal event through investments in special morphologies. Because costs will eventually determine the performance of dispersing individuals and the evolution of dispersal, we here provide an extensive review on the different cost types that occur during dispersal in a wide array of organisms, ranging from micro-organisms to plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. In general, costs of transfer have been more widely documented in actively dispersing organisms, in contrast to a greater focus on costs during departure and settlement in plants and animals with a passive transfer phase. Costs related to the development of specific dispersal attributes appear to be much more prominent than previously accepted. Because costs induce trade-offs, they give rise to covariation between dispersal and other life-history traits at different scales of organismal organisation. The consequences of (i) the presence and magnitude of different costs during different phases of the dispersal process, and (ii) their internal organisation through covariation with other life-history traits, are synthesised with respect to potential consequences for species conservation and the need for development of a new generation of spatial simulation models.
Published: 2012

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