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The objectives were to assess the effects of dietary Sweet Bran (Cargill Corn Milling, Blair, NE) on performance and feeding behavior of feedlot steers and determine if terminal implant pen sorting affects performance, feeding behavior, and liver abscess (LA) rate. Two hundred sixteen Angus-cross steers (253 +/- 18 kg) were stratified by body weight (BW) to 36 pens. From d 0 to 60, diets contained 40% Sweet Bran (SWBR) or 25% modified distiller's grains and 15% dry rolled corn (MOD; n = 18 pens/treatment). On d 60, steers began transition within treatments to finishing diets containing 25% Sweet Bran or 25% modified distiller's grains (MDGS). On d 111, half of the pens for each dietary treatment were re-stratified by BW to pens (SORT) while the other half were returned to original pens (NOSORT; n = 9 pens/treatment). Steer BW and pen dry matter intake (DMI) were recorded monthly. Rate of feed disappearance was determined on d 5/6, 53/54, 104/105, and 117/118. Pen was the experimental unit for all analyses. The model included the fixed effect of diet for all pre-sort analyses; post-sort analyses included the fixed effects of diet, sort, and the interaction and the random effects of pen and the interaction of diet and pen. On d 60, SWBR had greater BW than MOD (P = 0.05), and SWBR had a greater average daily gain (ADG) from d 0 to 60 (P = 0.05). Though there were no differences after d 28, SWBR had greater DMI d 0 to 28 (P = 0.05). From d 60 to 88, SWBR tended to have lesser ADG than MOD (P = 0.09). Post-sort (d 111 to 196), SWBR tended to have lesser ADG than MOD (P = 0.06), and SORT had a greater rate of feed disappearance than NOSORT (d 117/118; P = 0.01); there were no differences on other dates (Diet: P >= 0.38). For final BW, there was a tendency for MOD to be greater than SWBR, and SORT tended to be greater than NOSORT (Diet: P = 0.06; Sort: P = 0.10). Pre- and post-sort ruminal pH had no treatment by day differences (P >= 0.77). LA incidence averaged 25%, thou

For non-native tree species with an origin outside of Europe a detailed compilation of enemy species including the severity of their attack is lacking up to now. We collected information on native and non-native species attacking non-native trees, i.e. type, extent and time of first observation of damage for 23 important non-native trees in 27 European countries. Our database includes about 2300 synthesised attack records (synthesised per biotic threat, tree and country) from over 800 species. Insects (49%) and fungi (45%) are the main observed biotic threats, but also arachnids, bacteria including phytoplasmas, mammals, nematodes, plants and viruses have been recorded. This information will be valuable to identify patterns and drivers of attacks, and trees with a lower current health risk to be considered for planting. In addition, our database will provide a baseline to which future impacts on non-native tree species could be compared with and thus will allow to analyse temporal trends of impacts.

For non-native tree species with an origin outside of Europe a detailed compilation of enemy species including the severity of their attack is lacking up to now. We collected information on native and non-native species attacking non-native trees, i.e. type, extent and time of first observation of damage for 23 important non-native trees in 27 European countries. Our database includes about 2300 synthesised attack records (synthesised per biotic threat, tree and country) from over 800 species. Insects (49%) and fungi (45%) are the main observed biotic threats, but also arachnids, bacteria including phytoplasmas, mammals, nematodes, plants and viruses have been recorded. This information will be valuable to identify patterns and drivers of attacks, and trees with a lower current health risk to be considered for planting. In addition, our database will provide a baseline to which future impacts on non-native tree species could be compared with and thus will allow to analyse temporal trends of impacts.

For non-native tree species with an origin outside of Europe a detailed compilation of enemy species including the severity of their attack is lacking up to now. We collected information on native and non-native species attacking non-native trees, i.e. type, extent and time of first observation of damage for 23 important non-native trees in 27 European countries. Our database includes about 2300 synthesised attack records (synthesised per biotic threat, tree and country) from over 800 species. Insects (49%) and fungi (45%) are the main observed biotic threats, but also arachnids, bacteria including phytoplasmas, mammals, nematodes, plants and viruses have been recorded. This information will be valuable to identify patterns and drivers of attacks, and trees with a lower current health risk to be considered for planting. In addition, our database will provide a baseline to which future impacts on non-native tree species could be compared with and thus will allow to analyse temporal trends of impacts.

Two-celled puccinioid teliospores are widely distributed in the rust fungi and appear in several independent lineages of the Pucciniales. About 25 genera in 4 families have been described. Species with two-celled teliospores occurring on members of the Annonaceae are described in the genera Dasyspora, Sphaerophragmium, Diorchidium, Puccinia, and Sphenospora. The molecular and morphological investigations from this study show that Diorchidium polyalthiae, Puccinia popowiae and Sphenospora xylopiae do not belong to the genera in which they were originally assigned. Aecidium deightonii was very closely related to S. xylopiae. Two new genera are erected to accommodate these taxa: (1) Puccorchidium, with the two species P. polyalthiae and P. popowiae; and (2) Sphenorchidium, with the two species S. xylopiae and S. deightonii. They form a well-supported clade in the Pucciniales together with the genus Dasyspora, which also occurs on Annonaceae species, and Puccinia psidii the cause of myrtle rust. The type species of the genus Diorchidium, D. woodii, as well as Sphenospora pallida and S. smilacina appeared within the genus Puccinia. The endocyclic species Endophylloides guineensis occurs on the same host and in the same area as S. xylopiae and S. deightonii, but its relationship could not be determined without DNA data. A key for the rust fungi on Annonaceae with two-celled teliospores is given.

The known species of Pucciniales on the tree genus Annona (Annonaceae), Phakopsora cherimoliae, Batistopsora crucis-filii, B. pistila, as well as the anamorphic species of Aecidium annonae and Uredo rolliniae, were investigated by light microscopy and DNA sequencing. For DNA extraction, N-Phenacylthiazolium bromide (PTB) was used to achieve a higher yield of DNA from herbarium specimens. The phylogenetic analyses were based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, partial LSU and SSU of the nuclear rDNA, and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 3. The molecular as well as the morphologic investigations indicated that the genus Batistopsora is synonymous with Phakopsora. The two Batistopsora species appeared in all phylogenies within Phakopsora. They form a monophyletic clade together with P. cherimoliae as well as with the anamorphic Uredo rolliniae and the herein newly described species Phakopsora annonae-sylvaticae. Therefore, the following new combinations have been made: Phakopsora crucis-filii, P. pistila and P. rolliniae. Phakopsora crucis-filii and P. pistila could not be distinguished by the used sequences but are morphologically and ecologically well separated. This contradiction is discussed. Phakopsora crucis-filii is firstly reported as a pathogen on the fruit tree Annona squamosa. The species show host preferences to species groups of Annona at the sub-generic level and distribution patterns similar to those of their hosts. In comparison with the rust fungal genus Dasyspora, which occurs on Xylopia (Annonaceae) also in the Neotropics, the Phakopsora spp. on Annona show similar phylogeographical patterns. The redetermination of the host plants has shown that A. annonae does not occur on Annonaceae but on Diospyros hispida (Ebenaceae). Therefore, the new species, Aecidium verannonae, has to be described for the Aecidium species, which occurs really on Annona. It did not appear to be closely related to the Phakopsoraceae in the phylogenetic analysis. An ident

Chaconia clusiae on Clusia cf. palmicida (Clusiaceae) and C. heliconiae on Heliconia psittacorum, H. bihai and Heliconia sp. (Heliconiaceae) are described as new from French Guiana in northern South America. Clusiaceae and Heliconiaceae are new host families for members of Chaconia, Heliconiaceae is the first one from Monocotyledoneae. Chaconia clusiae, C. heliconiae and C. maprouneae formed tuberous to worm-like D-haustoria originating from haustorial mother cells that were part of the intercellular parasitic mycelium. A key to the recognized Chaconia spp. is provided

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and its anosmia-associated form (Kallmann syndrome [KS]) are genetically heterogeneous. Among the >15 genes implicated in these conditions, mutations in FGF8 and FGFR1 account for ~12% of cases; notably, KAL1 and HS6ST1 are also involved in FGFR1 signaling and can be mutated in CHH. We therefore hypothesized that mutations in genes encoding a broader range of modulators of the FGFR1 pathway might contribute to the genetics of CHH as causal or modifier mutations. Thus, we aimed to (1) investigate whether CHH individuals harbor mutations in members of the so-called "FGF8 synexpression" group and (2) validate the ability of a bioinformatics algorithm on the basis of protein-protein interactome data (interactome-based affiliation scoring [IBAS]) to identify high-quality candidate genes. On the basis of sequence homology, expression, and structural and functional data, seven genes were selected and sequenced in 386 unrelated CHH individuals and 155 controls. Except for FGF18 and SPRY2, all other genes were found to be mutated in CHH individuals: FGF17 (n = 3 individuals), IL17RD (n = 8), DUSP6 (n = 5), SPRY4 (n = 14), and FLRT3 (n = 3). Independently, IBAS predicted FGF17 and IL17RD as the two top candidates in the entire proteome on the basis of a statistical test of their protein-protein interaction patterns to proteins known to be altered in CHH. Most of the FGF17 and IL17RD mutations altered protein function in vitro. IL17RD mutations were found only in KS individuals and were strongly linked to hearing loss (6/8 individuals). Mutations in genes encoding components of the FGF pathway are associated with complex modes of CHH inheritance and act primarily as contributors to an oligogenic genetic architecture underlying CHH.

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and its anosmia-associated form (Kallmann syndrome [KS]) are genetically heterogeneous. Among the >15 genes implicated in these conditions, mutations in FGF8 and FGFR1 account for ∼12% of cases; notably, KAL1 and HS6ST1 are also involved in FGFR1 signaling and can be mutated in CHH. We therefore hypothesized that mutations in genes encoding a broader range of modulators of the FGFR1 pathway might contribute to the genetics of CHH as causal or modifier mutations. Thus, we aimed to (1) investigate whether CHH individuals harbor mutations in members of the so-called "FGF8 synexpression" group and (2) validate the ability of a bioinformatics algorithm on the basis of protein-protein interactome data (interactome-based affiliation scoring [IBAS]) to identify high-quality candidate genes. On the basis of sequence homology, expression, and structural and functional data, seven genes were selected and sequenced in 386 unrelated CHH individuals and 155 controls. Except for FGF18 and SPRY2, all other genes were found to be mutated in CHH individuals: FGF17 (n = 3 individuals), IL17RD (n = 8), DUSP6 (n = 5), SPRY4 (n = 14), and FLRT3 (n = 3). Independently, IBAS predicted FGF17 and IL17RD as the two top candidates in the entire proteome on the basis of a statistical test of their protein-protein interaction patterns to proteins known to be altered in CHH. Most of the FGF17 and IL17RD mutations altered protein function in vitro. IL17RD mutations were found only in KS individuals and were strongly linked to hearing loss (6/8 individuals). Mutations in genes encoding components of the FGF pathway are associated with complex modes of CHH inheritance and act primarily as contributors to an oligogenic genetic architecture underlying CHH.

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and its anosmia-associated form (Kallmann syndrome [KS]) are genetically heterogeneous. Among the >15 genes implicated in these conditions, mutations in FGF8 and FGFR1 account for ∼12% of cases; notably, KAL1 and HS6ST1 are also involved in FGFR1 signaling and can be mutated in CHH. We therefore hypothesized that mutations in genes encoding a broader range of modulators of the FGFR1 pathway might contribute to the genetics of CHH as causal or modifier mutations. Thus, we aimed to (1) investigate whether CHH individuals harbor mutations in members of the so-called “FGF8 synexpression” group and (2) validate the ability of a bioinformatics algorithm on the basis of protein-protein interactome data (interactome-based affiliation scoring [IBAS]) to identify high-quality candidate genes. On the basis of sequence homology, expression, and structural and functional data, seven genes were selected and sequenced in 386 unrelated CHH individuals and 155 controls. Except for FGF18 and SPRY2, all other genes were found to be mutated in CHH individuals: FGF17 (n = 3 individuals), IL17RD (n = 8), DUSP6 (n = 5), SPRY4 (n = 14), and FLRT3 (n = 3). Independently, IBAS predicted FGF17 and IL17RD as the two top candidates in the entire proteome on the basis of a statistical test of their protein-protein interaction patterns to proteins known to be altered in CHH. Most of the FGF17 and IL17RD mutations altered protein function in vitro. IL17RD mutations were found only in KS individuals and were strongly linked to hearing loss (6/8 individuals). Mutations in genes encoding components of the FGF pathway are associated with complex modes of CHH inheritance and act primarily as contributors to an oligogenic genetic architecture underlying CHH.

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and its anosmia-associated form (Kallmann syndrome [KS]) are genetically heterogeneous. Among the >15 genes implicated in these conditions, mutations in FGF8 and FGFR1 account for ∼12% of cases; notably, KAL1 and HS6ST1 are also involved in FGFR1 signaling and can be mutated in CHH. We therefore hypothesized that mutations in genes encoding a broader range of modulators of the FGFR1 pathway might contribute to the genetics of CHH as causal or modifier mutations. Thus, we aimed to (1) investigate whether CHH individuals harbor mutations in members of the so-called "FGF8 synexpression" group and (2) validate the ability of a bioinformatics algorithm on the basis of protein-protein interactome data (interactome-based affiliation scoring [IBAS]) to identify high-quality candidate genes. On the basis of sequence homology, expression, and structural and functional data, seven genes were selected and sequenced in 386 unrelated CHH individuals and 155 controls. Except for FGF18 and SPRY2, all other genes were found to be mutated in CHH individuals: FGF17 (n = 3 individuals), IL17RD (n = 8), DUSP6 (n = 5), SPRY4 (n = 14), and FLRT3 (n = 3). Independently, IBAS predicted FGF17 and IL17RD as the two top candidates in the entire proteome on the basis of a statistical test of their protein-protein interaction patterns to proteins known to be altered in CHH. Most of the FGF17 and IL17RD mutations altered protein function in vitro. IL17RD mutations were found only in KS individuals and were strongly linked to hearing loss (6/8 individuals). Mutations in genes encoding components of the FGF pathway are associated with complex modes of CHH inheritance and act primarily as contributors to an oligogenic genetic architecture underlying CHH.

Fixed beds of cylindrical particles are important in chemical engineering applications, but their packing structures are not as well understood or as well characterized as sphere packings. In this work, X-ray microtomography is used to obtain 3D images of 1.8 mm diameter equilateral cylinders in a 23 mm cylindrical container over a range of bulk porosities. A novel algorithm is used to computationally reconstruct the packings, resulting in data sets that give the location and orientation of each cylinder in the imaged packings. Extensive analysis has been performed, including bulk and local porosities, radial distribution functions, and parameters describing local and global ordering. The major factors affecting packing structure are the overall packing density and the proximity to the wall. At the highest overall packing densities, near-wall porosity becomes nearly equal to interior porosity, and significant global ordering occurs near the wall. For a vertical container, global ordering is characterized by the alignment of the particles with an orthogonal coordinate system that has one axis coincident with r (as defined by the container) and the other two axes in the z-theta plane, but rotated 45 degrees with the horizontal. The observed structures are relevant in the context of flow maldistribution and heat transfer in fixed beds., The original document contains color images. All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white. Sponsored in part by the Naval Research Lab and NSF, 0140175 and EEC-0139656. Published in Chemical Engineering Science, v61 p8060-8074, 2006.

Controlled ensemble formation of protein-surfactant systems provides a fundamental concept for the realization of nanoscale devices with self-organizing capability. In this context, spectroscopic monitoring of pigment-containing proteins yields detailed structural information. Here we have studied the association behavior of the bacterial light-harvesting protein LH2 from Rhodobacter spheroides in an n,n-dimethyldodecylamine-n-oxide/water environment. Time-resolved studies of the excitation annihilation yielded information about aggregate sizes and packing of the protein complexes therein. The results are compared to transmission electron microscopy images of instantaneously frozen samples. Our data indicate the manifestation of different phases, which are discussed with respect to the thermodynamic equilibrium in ternary protein-surfactant-water systems. Accordingly, by varying the concentration the formation of different types of aggregates can be controlled. Conditions for the appearance of isolated LH2 complexes are defined.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine einheitliche und allumfassende Theorie der Nicht-linearen Polarisationsspektroskopie in der Frequenzdomäne (NLPF) aufgestellt. Dies Methode basiert auf der in einer isotropen Farbstofflösung durch ein polarisiertes, monochromatisches Laserfeldes (pump) erzeugten Anisotropie, die mittels eines weiteren monochromatischen Laserfeldes (probe), mit einer um 45° gegenüber dem Pumpfeld gedrehten Polarisationsrichtung geprobt wird. Ausgehend von den grundlegenden Gleichungen für den nichtlinearen Respons molekularer Systeme auf elektromagnetische Felder wird das zweidimensional NLPF-spektrum hergeleitet, und zwar sowohl in der niedrigsten Ordnung Störungstheorie als auch unter Verwendung eines selbstkonsistenten Ansatzes für beliebige Pumpfeldstärken. In der niedrigsten Ordnung Störungstheorie können drei in ihrer Frequenzabhängigkeit sich unterscheidende Arten von Ausdrücke explizit angegeben werden. Diese sind drei Areten von Peaks im NLPF-spektrum zuzuordnen: Den T2-peaks, dem T1-peaks und den Zweiphotonen-peaks. Letztere sind unter Normalbedingungen im allgemeinen nicht beobachtbar und wurden daher nicht weiter behandelt. Die in dieser Arbeit erstmals gelungene, allgemeine und einheitliche theoretische Beschreibung der T1- und T2-peaks in NLPF-spektren von Mehrniveausystemen stellt einen Durchbruch hin zu einer allumfassenden Subbandenanalyse mittels NLPF dar. Durch Einbeziehung der teilweise bereits bekannten Auswirkungen homogener und inhomogener Linienverbreiterung und spektraler Diffusion auf NLPF-spektren, sowie deren Verallgemeinerung im Ramen der Theorie nichtmarkowscher Dissipationsprozesse, konnte eine Methodik entwickelt werden, die es erlaubt, NLPF-spektren molekularer und supramolekularer Systeme in Bezug auf das ihnen zugrundeliegende Termschema mit Übergangsfrequenzen und -dipolen, die homogenen und inhomogenen Linienbreiten, sowie dem zugeordneten Energierelaxations- und -transferpfad mitsamt zugehörigen Raten zu analy, In the work be presented a standard theory of non-linear polarization spectroscopy in the frequency domain (NLPF) will be established. The NLPF technique based on anisotropy induced in a dye-solution, which is isotropic elsewhere, by a polarized monochromatic pump laser field. This is probed by a second laser field, which polarization direction is turned of 45 degree in respect to that of the pump. From the fundamental equations describing the non-linear response of molecular systems on electromagnetic fields, the two-dimensional NLPF spectrum is deduced for arbitrary pump-intensities. At low pump-intensities a subband analysis by NLPF has been established. This allows one to study the term scheme and energy relaxation path of molecular and supra-molecular systems by their NLPF-spectra. This includes the determination of transition-frequencies and -dipole orientations, homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths, as well as energy relaxation rates. Furthermore, using a self-connsistent approach, the pump-fieled dependence of the NLPF-spectrum has been deduced for the two-level system in general and also for specific multi-level systems. This method allows one to determine the oscillator strength without knowledge of the concentration, what is quite useful for studying molecular aggregates. Applications are presented to the peripheral light harvesting antenna LH2 of purple bacteria and the light harvesting complexes LHC II and CP 29 of higher plants.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine einheitliche und allumfassende Theorie der Nicht-linearen Polarisationsspektroskopie in der Frequenzdomäne (NLPF) aufgestellt. Dies Methode basiert auf der in einer isotropen Farbstofflösung durch ein polarisiertes, monochromatisches Laserfeldes (pump) erzeugten Anisotropie, die mittels eines weiteren monochromatischen Laserfeldes (probe), mit einer um 45° gegenüber dem Pumpfeld gedrehten Polarisationsrichtung geprobt wird. Ausgehend von den grundlegenden Gleichungen für den nichtlinearen Respons molekularer Systeme auf elektromagnetische Felder wird das zweidimensional NLPF-spektrum hergeleitet, und zwar sowohl in der niedrigsten Ordnung Störungstheorie als auch unter Verwendung eines selbstkonsistenten Ansatzes für beliebige Pumpfeldstärken. In der niedrigsten Ordnung Störungstheorie können drei in ihrer Frequenzabhängigkeit sich unterscheidende Arten von Ausdrücke explizit angegeben werden. Diese sind drei Areten von Peaks im NLPF-spektrum zuzuordnen: Den T2-peaks, dem T1-peaks und den Zweiphotonen-peaks. Letztere sind unter Normalbedingungen im allgemeinen nicht beobachtbar und wurden daher nicht weiter behandelt. Die in dieser Arbeit erstmals gelungene, allgemeine und einheitliche theoretische Beschreibung der T1- und T2-peaks in NLPF-spektren von Mehrniveausystemen stellt einen Durchbruch hin zu einer allumfassenden Subbandenanalyse mittels NLPF dar. Durch Einbeziehung der teilweise bereits bekannten Auswirkungen homogener und inhomogener Linienverbreiterung und spektraler Diffusion auf NLPF-spektren, sowie deren Verallgemeinerung im Ramen der Theorie nichtmarkowscher Dissipationsprozesse, konnte eine Methodik entwickelt werden, die es erlaubt, NLPF-spektren molekularer und supramolekularer Systeme in Bezug auf das ihnen zugrundeliegende Termschema mit Übergangsfrequenzen und -dipolen, die homogenen und inhomogenen Linienbreiten, sowie dem zugeordneten Energierelaxations- und -transferpfad mitsamt zugehörigen Raten zu analy, In the work be presented a standard theory of non-linear polarization spectroscopy in the frequency domain (NLPF) will be established. The NLPF technique based on anisotropy induced in a dye-solution, which is isotropic elsewhere, by a polarized monochromatic pump laser field. This is probed by a second laser field, which polarization direction is turned of 45 degree in respect to that of the pump. From the fundamental equations describing the non-linear response of molecular systems on electromagnetic fields, the two-dimensional NLPF spectrum is deduced for arbitrary pump-intensities. At low pump-intensities a subband analysis by NLPF has been established. This allows one to study the term scheme and energy relaxation path of molecular and supra-molecular systems by their NLPF-spectra. This includes the determination of transition-frequencies and -dipole orientations, homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths, as well as energy relaxation rates. Furthermore, using a self-connsistent approach, the pump-fieled dependence of the NLPF-spectrum has been deduced for the two-level system in general and also for specific multi-level systems. This method allows one to determine the oscillator strength without knowledge of the concentration, what is quite useful for studying molecular aggregates. Applications are presented to the peripheral light harvesting antenna LH2 of purple bacteria and the light harvesting complexes LHC II and CP 29 of higher plants.

Contient : Aquarone, J.B., professeur. Lettre(s) ; Arndt, Guillaume. Lettre(s) ; Artonne, André. Lettre(s) ; Auvray, Lucien, conservateur à la Bibliothèque nationale. Lettre(s) ; Babelon, Ernest, membre de l'Institut. Lettre(s) ; Baehrens, W.A.. Lettre(s) ; Baesecke, G.. Lettre(s) ; Balafoutis, Athanase G., libraire. Lettre(s) ; Barrett, Oliver R.. Lettre(s) ; Barthet, Le Père Antonio M., O.S.A. Lettre(s) ; Beaurepaire-Froment, Pierre-Paul Froment de Beaurepaire dit , journaliste. Lettre(s) ; Galle, Léon, journaliste. Lettre(s) ; Beenken, Hermann, professeur à l'Université de Leipzig. Lettre(s) ; Beer, R.. Lettre(s) ; Benechevitch, V.. Lettre(s) ; Benoit XV, Jacques Délia Chiesa, pape sous le nom de. Note(s) ; Berenson, Bernhard. Carte(s) ; Berthelot, Marcelin. Lettre(s) ; Bick, J.. Lettre(s) ; Bidez, Jules, professeur à l'Université de Gand. Carte(s) ; Bigault du Grandrut, Colonel de. Lettre(s) ; Blochet, Edgar, conservateur à la Bibliothèque nationale. Lettre(s) ; Boinet, Amédée. Lettre(s) ; Bonnecorse, Ch.. Lettre(s) ; Bordeaux, Mlle M.. Lettre(s) ; Bordeaux, Mlle M.. Lettre(s) reçue(s) ; Omont, Henri, conservateur à la Bibliothèque nationale. Lettre(s) ; Bourgeois, Alfred. Lettre(s) ; Bouvier, Pierre-Léon. Lettre(s) ; Braunstein, Germaine. Lettre(s) ; Briel, Michel. Lettre(s) ; Brun, Robert, inspecteur des Bibliothèques. Lettre(s) ; Bruyne, Donatien de, directeur de la Revue Bénédictine. Lettre(s) ; Buchanan, E.S.. Lettre(s) ; Burias, Léon, archiviste. Lettre(s) ; Buschmann, J.E., imprimeur. Lettre(s) ; Butler, Capitaine. Lettre(s) ; Cain, Julien, directeur des Bibliothèques de France. Lettre(s) ; Cain, Julien, directeur des Bibliothèques de France. Note(s) ; Cannon, CL., de la New York Public Library. Lettre(s) ; Carnarvon, Lady E.. Lettre(s) ; Cartier, Alfred, administrateur des Musées suisses. Lettre(s) ; Chabot, Abbé Jean-Baptiste, orientaliste. Lettre(s) ; Champion, Édouard, libraire. Lettre(s) ; Chanas, R.. Lettre(s) ; Marchal, Paul. Lettre(s) ; Chappée, J, Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document de substitution : R 187469., Omont, Henri, conservateur à la Bibliothèque nationale. Lettre(s) reçue(s)

Recycling is the only alternative to waste dumping or incineration. The traditional mineral processing techniques of comminution, sizing and sorting are of primary importance in recycling methods. Sorting plays a special role for both the practical implementation of a recycling process and for purity and quality requirements., Recycling is the only alternative to waste dumping or incineration. The traditional mineral processing techniques of comminution, sizing and sorting are of primary importance in recycling methods. Sorting plays a special role for both the practical implementation of a recycling process and for purity and quality requirements.

Vibrating cone crushers differ from conventional cone crushers in that the crushing cone is not forced into a path but controlled by an adjustable imbalance. Both construction and mode of operation as well as the sizes and performance of these crushers are demonstrated. The advantages of vibration cone crushers in comparison with conventional crushers include a higher crushing ratio, the elimination of an overload protection and the fact that final particle size of the product is virtually independent of the set gap width., Vibrating cone crushers differ from conventional cone crushers in that the crushing cone is not forced into a path but controlled by an adjustable imbalance. Both construction and mode of operation as well as the sizes and performance of these crushers are demonstrated. The advantages of vibration cone crushers in comparison with conventional crushers include a higher crushing ratio, the elimination of an overload protection and the fact that final particle size of the product is virtually independent of the set gap width.

One possibility of increasing the throughput of screening machines involves the utilisation of permissible tolerances of misplaced size material of saleable screen products. This objective requires screening machines operating in the range of thick-layer screening., One possibility of increasing the throughput of screening machines involves the utilisation of permissible tolerances of misplaced size material of saleable screen products. This objective requires screening machines operating in the range of thick-layer screening.

Two-celled puccinioid teliospores are widely distributed in the rust fungi and appear in several independent lineages of the Pucciniales. About 25 genera in 4 families have been described. Species with two-celled teliospores occurring on members of the Annonaceae are described in the genera Dasyspora, Sphaerophragmium, Diorchidium, Puccinia, and Sphenospora. The molecular and morphological investigations from this study show that Diorchidium polyalthiae, Puccinia popowiae and Sphenospora xylopiae do not belong to the genera in which they were originally assigned. Aecidium deightonii was very closely related to S. xylopiae. Two new genera are erected to accommodate these taxa: (1) Puccorchidium, with the two species P. polyalthiae and P. popowiae; and (2) Sphenorchidium, with the two species S. xylopiae and S. deightonii. They form a well-supported clade in the Pucciniales together with the genus Dasyspora, which also occurs on Annonaceae species, and Puccinia psidii the cause of myrtle rust. The type species of the genus Diorchidium, D. woodii, as well as Sphenospora pallida and S. smilacina appeared within the genus Puccinia. The endocyclic species Endophylloides guineensis occurs on the same host and in the same area as S. xylopiae and S. deightonii, but its relationship could not be determined without DNA data. A key for the rust fungi on Annonaceae with two-celled teliospores is given.

Chaconia clusiae on Clusia cf. palmicida (Clusiaceae) and C. heliconiae on Heliconia psittacorum, H. bihai and Heliconia sp. (Heliconiaceae) are described as new from French Guiana in northern South America. Clusiaceae and Heliconiaceae are new host families for members of Chaconia, Heliconiaceae is the first one from Monocotyledoneae. Chaconia clusiae, C. heliconiae and C. maprouneae formed tuberous to worm-like D-haustoria originating from haustorial mother cells that were part of the intercellular parasitic mycelium. A key to the recognized Chaconia spp. is provided

The known species of Pucciniales on the tree genus Annona (Annonaceae), Phakopsora cherimoliae, Batistopsora crucis-filii, B. pistila, as well as the anamorphic species of Aecidium annonae and Uredo rolliniae, were investigated by light microscopy and DNA sequencing. For DNA extraction, N-Phenacylthiazolium bromide (PTB) was used to achieve a higher yield of DNA from herbarium specimens. The phylogenetic analyses were based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, partial LSU and SSU of the nuclear rDNA, and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 3. The molecular as well as the morphologic investigations indicated that the genus Batistopsora is synonymous with Phakopsora. The two Batistopsora species appeared in all phylogenies within Phakopsora. They form a monophyletic clade together with P. cherimoliae as well as with the anamorphic Uredo rolliniae and the herein newly described species Phakopsora annonae-sylvaticae. Therefore, the following new combinations have been made: Phakopsora crucis-filii, P. pistila and P. rolliniae. Phakopsora crucis-filii and P. pistila could not be distinguished by the used sequences but are morphologically and ecologically well separated. This contradiction is discussed. Phakopsora crucis-filii is firstly reported as a pathogen on the fruit tree Annona squamosa. The species show host preferences to species groups of Annona at the sub-generic level and distribution patterns similar to those of their hosts. In comparison with the rust fungal genus Dasyspora, which occurs on Xylopia (Annonaceae) also in the Neotropics, the Phakopsora spp. on Annona show similar phylogeographical patterns. The redetermination of the host plants has shown that A. annonae does not occur on Annonaceae but on Diospyros hispida (Ebenaceae). Therefore, the new species, Aecidium verannonae, has to be described for the Aecidium species, which occurs really on Annona. It did not appear to be closely related to the Phakopsoraceae in the phylogenetic analysis. An ident