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This book is the concrete product of an academic exercise: the Master’s course ‘Designing and Planning Sustainable Energy Islands Atelier.’ It is the condensed result of three months’ work by six teachers and sixty students from the disciplines of landscape architecture, spatial planning and cultural geography at Wageningen University. These people spent three months considering the matter of a sustainable energy future for Goeree-Overflakkee and Schouwen-Duiveland. They focused on the following four landscape types that are found on the islands: • The coastal landscape • The agricultural landscape • The recreati onal landscape • The urban landscape They envisioned a future in which enough renewable energy is generated to fulfi l at least the need of the island’s residents in a sustainable way.

In 2004, the Major Accidents Hazards Bureau of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission launched the “Land Use Planning Including MAHB and NEDIES” research programme, in the context of which most of the research collected in this book was conducted. The focus of the investigation was on the different methods developed by Member States for implementing Art 12 of the Seveso II Directive, stating the Control of Urbanization requirement. Art 12 is the first European requirement calling Member States to “ensure that the objectives of preventing major accidents and limiting the consequences of such accidents are taken into account in their land-use policies and/or other relevant policies”. Scope of the MAHB investigation was providing an up-to-date overview of national implementations of Art 12 in order to elaborate the relevant Guidance and providing Member States with additional supporting instruments. The Guidance was adopted by the European Commission in November 2006. Based on a questionnaire survey, literature review and direct interviews with the members of the European Working Group on Land Use Planning (EWGLUP), the investigation led to the elaboration of a second supporting instrument, the Roadmaps. In this research document, the different methods developed in a selected group of Member States (The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Italy) for implementing Art 12 are investigated. Recommendations for best- practice in the field are given. In the autumn of 2004 the PhD project was involved in the investigation and particularly in the elaboration of the Roadmaps. But whereas this research document ended with reporting the different approaches developed in the European Union, the PhD project tried to explain them. Which are the characterizing elements of the different national implementations of Art 12? What determined the development of different methods for land use planning in “Seveso” areas in the relevant national practices? Are d, Sustainable Urban Areas (SUA) Research Centre, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

In 2004, the Major Accidents Hazards Bureau of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission launched the “Land Use Planning Including MAHB and NEDIES” research programme, in the context of which most of the research collected in this book was conducted. The focus of the investigation was on the different methods developed by Member States for implementing Art 12 of the Seveso II Directive, stating the Control of Urbanization requirement. Art 12 is the first European requirement calling Member States to “ensure that the objectives of preventing major accidents and limiting the consequences of such accidents are taken into account in their land-use policies and/or other relevant policies”. Scope of the MAHB investigation was providing an up-to-date overview of national implementations of Art 12 in order to elaborate the relevant Guidance and providing Member States with additional supporting instruments. The Guidance was adopted by the European Commission in November 2006. Based on a questionnaire survey, literature review and direct interviews with the members of the European Working Group on Land Use Planning (EWGLUP), the investigation led to the elaboration of a second supporting instrument, the Roadmaps. In this research document, the different methods developed in a selected group of Member States (The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Italy) for implementing Art 12 are investigated. Recommendations for best- practice in the field are given. In the autumn of 2004 the PhD project was involved in the investigation and particularly in the elaboration of the Roadmaps. But whereas this research document ended with reporting the different approaches developed in the European Union, the PhD project tried to explain them. Which are the characterizing elements of the different national implementations of Art 12? What determined the development of different methods for land use planning in “Seveso” areas in the relevant national practices? Are d, Sustainable Urban Areas (SUA) Research Centre, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

Recent studies explored the suitability of using Geographical Information System to support decisional processes in the field of risk assessment & management. In particular, the elaboration of GIS ¿risk-maps¿ has been recognized as functional to two objectives: connecting decision-makers and stakeholders during decisional processes and communicating risk to non-experts audiences. In both cases, the use GIS results in increased transparency, as it gives clear ground and evidences to risk-related decisions. In order to elaborate on these findings and to verify the current use of GIS within European decisional processes, we have begun a comparative study between the United Kingdom and The Netherlands. Their land-use planning practices (LUP) are explored with respect to the risk of major accident as derived from the EU Directive Seveso II. The contribution and the role of GIS within decisional processes is analysed, and recommendations for further developments are discussed