1. Impact of Detectable Monoclonal Protein at Diagnosis on Outcomes in Marginal Zone Lymphoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study
- Author
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Epperla, Narendranath, Zhao, Qiuhong, Karmali, Reem, Torka, Pallawi, Shea, Lauren, Oh, Timothy S., Anampa-Guzmán, Andrea, Reves, Heather, Tavakkoli, Montreh, Greenwell, Irl Brian, Hansinger, Emily, Umyarova, Elvira, Annunzio, Kaitlin, Sawalha, Yazeed, Christian, Beth, Thomas, Colin, Barta, Stefan K., Geethakumari, Praveen Ramakrishnan, Bartlett, Nancy L., Grover, Natalie S., Olszewski, Adam J, Epperla, Narendranath, Zhao, Qiuhong, Karmali, Reem, Torka, Pallawi, Shea, Lauren, Oh, Timothy S., Anampa-Guzmán, Andrea, Reves, Heather, Tavakkoli, Montreh, Greenwell, Irl Brian, Hansinger, Emily, Umyarova, Elvira, Annunzio, Kaitlin, Sawalha, Yazeed, Christian, Beth, Thomas, Colin, Barta, Stefan K., Geethakumari, Praveen Ramakrishnan, Bartlett, Nancy L., Grover, Natalie S., and Olszewski, Adam J
- Abstract
Given the paucity of data surrounding the prognostic relevance of monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), we sought to evaluate the impact of detecting M-protein at diagnosis on outcomes in patients with MZL in a large retrospective cohort. The study included 547 patients receiving first-line therapy for MZL. M-protein was detectable at diagnosis in 173 (32%) patients. There was no significant difference in the time from diagnosis to initiation of any therapy (systemic and local) between the M-protein and no M-protein groups. Patients with M-protein at diagnosis had significantly inferior progression-free survival (PFS) compared with those without M-protein at diagnosis. After adjusting for factors associated with inferior PFS in univariate models, presence of M-protein remained significantly associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.54; P = .004). We observed no significant difference in the PFS based on the type or quantity of M-protein at diagnosis. There were differential outcomes in PFS based on the first-line therapy in patients with M-protein at diagnosis, in that, those receiving immunochemotherapy had better outcomes compared with those receiving rituximab monotherapy. The cumulative incidence of relapse in stage 1 disease among the recipients of local therapy was higher in the presence of M-protein; however, this did not reach statistical significance. We found that M-protein at diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of histologic transformation. Because the PFS difference related to presence of M-protein was not observed in patients receiving bendamustine and rituximab, immunochemotherapy may be a preferred approach over rituximab monotherapy in this group and needs to be explored further.
- Published
- 2023