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Purpose: The dynamics and complexity of governance in disaster management in Indonesia require disaster management through the implementation of GRC (Governance, Risk, Compliance). integrated. The aim of this research is to assess the readiness of GRC innovation in disaster management through risk management mitigation, supporting infrastructure, and developing an integrated GRC implementation development plan. Theoretical reference and Method: Types of qualitative and quantitative research through surveys, distribution of questionnaires, collection of regulatory documents and GRC system policies in an integrated manner, reinforced by interviews with respondents, use of GRC system infrastructure design through infrastructure preparedness in facing disasters which are formulated in the form of policy proposal frameworks and guidelines that refer to against the ISO Handbook Integrated Use of Management System Standard, an action examination (PDCA) sample of 124 respondents. Results and Conclusion: The research results can be explained: 1) The creation of risk management guidelines resulting from integrated GRC practices in disaster risk mitigation has not been standardized. 2) The infrastructure design resulting from a study regarding readiness to implement integrated GRC in government in disaster management in Indonesia has not been implemented in general. 3) Based on the results of the Delphi method, the implementation of GRC has not been integrated. Implications of research: The implications of the research results can be used as recommendations for risk management stakeholders in making decisions based on the implementation of integrated G/R/C. Measuring the level of effectiveness uses a maturity model approach (Maturity Assessment) according to ISO standards. Originality/value: Originality: This research contributes to the implementation of integrated GRC 1) risk management guidelines resulting from integrated GRC practices 2) Infrastructure design resul

Hak atas identitas adalah hak setiap Warga Negara Indonesia tak terkecuali anak. Identitas anak wajib diberikan sejak ia dilahirkan ke dunia. Upaya mewujudkan identitas anak diusahakan oleh Pemerintah dengan menerbitkan akta kelahiran. Akta kelahiran yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah melalui Dinas Catata Sipil dewasa ini dirasa belum mampu memberikan perlindungan yang seutuhnya bagi anak sehingga muncul kebijakan baru dari Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia untuk memberikan Kartu Identitas Anak (selanjutnya disebut KIA) yang kehadirannya diharapkan semakin memperkuat adanya Akta Kelahiran Anak. Hal ini sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak dan kemudian ditegaskan dalam Pasal 27 Ayat 1 dan 2 Undang-Undang tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dan pendekatan empiris. Data Sekunder yang digunakan ialah data yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan (Library research) dan wawancara seperti literatur dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Dalam praktiknya, faktor penyebab perubahan nama tersebut tidak lepas dari budaya dan adat istiadat yang berlaku di masyarakat. Dalam budaya Jawa, sebagian masyarakat masih mempercayai hal tersebut. Memberi anak nama yang tidak pantas membuat anak sakit dan rapuh. Solusinya adalah dengan mengganti nama. Setelah proses pergantian nama di Penggadilan Negeri selesai  harus menyelesaikan proses administrasi di dinas Penduduk Dan Pencatatan Sipil (Dusdikcapil). Proses penetapan pergantian nama dapat dilakukan dengan mengajukan permohonan ke pengadilan negeri ,prosesnya juga memerlukan dokumen-dokumen sera saksi–saksi (minimal 2 orang ) pada persidangan di pengadilan. nantinya dalam sidang pengadilan ,pemohon diberi kesempatan untuk menjelaskan alasan–alas mengenai perubahan nama tersebut dilanjutkan dengan agenda saksi setelah itu pendapat hakim yang dilanjutkan dengan pembacaan penetapan p

Hak atas identitas adalah hak setiap Warga Negara Indonesia tak terkecuali anak. Identitas anak wajib diberikan sejak ia dilahirkan ke dunia. Upaya mewujudkan identitas anak diusahakan oleh Pemerintah dengan menerbitkan akta kelahiran. Akta kelahiran yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah melalui Dinas Catata Sipil dewasa ini dirasa belum mampu memberikan perlindungan yang seutuhnya bagi anak sehingga muncul kebijakan baru dari Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia untuk memberikan Kartu Identitas Anak (selanjutnya disebut KIA) yang kehadirannya diharapkan semakin memperkuat adanya Akta Kelahiran Anak. Hal ini sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak dan kemudian ditegaskan dalam Pasal 27 Ayat 1 dan 2 Undang-Undang tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dan pendekatan empiris. Data Sekunder yang digunakan ialah data yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan (Library research) dan wawancara seperti literatur dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Dalam praktiknya, faktor penyebab perubahan nama tersebut tidak lepas dari budaya dan adat istiadat yang berlaku di masyarakat. Dalam budaya Jawa, sebagian masyarakat masih mempercayai hal tersebut. Memberi anak nama yang tidak pantas membuat anak sakit dan rapuh. Solusinya adalah dengan mengganti nama. Setelah proses pergantian nama di Penggadilan Negeri selesai  harus menyelesaikan proses administrasi di dinas Penduduk Dan Pencatatan Sipil (Dusdikcapil). Proses penetapan pergantian nama dapat dilakukan dengan mengajukan permohonan ke pengadilan negeri ,prosesnya juga memerlukan dokumen-dokumen sera saksi–saksi (minimal 2 orang ) pada persidangan di pengadilan. nantinya dalam sidang pengadilan ,pemohon diberi kesempatan untuk menjelaskan alasan–alas mengenai perubahan nama tersebut dilanjutkan dengan agenda saksi setelah itu pendapat hakim yang dilanjutkan dengan pembacaan penetapan p

Introduction: This study aims to determine the prognostic factors and survival outcomes of patients that underwent this surgery. Method: A retrospective review of 43 patients who underwent exenteration for periocular malignancies over a 14-year period was carried out. Patient demographics, tumour histology, treatment details, surgical margins’ status and post-operative survival were recorded. The survival outcome examined was the overall survival (OS) rate. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to evaluate post-exenteration survival. Results: In total, 20 females and 23 males with a median age of 62 ± 17.3 years were identified. The most common indication for exenteration was basal cell carcinoma (20.9), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (18.6), adenocystic carcinoma (14), malignant melanoma (14) and sebaceous gland carcinoma (11.6). The independent predictors for worse OS on multivariate analysis were Chinese ethnicity (adjusted hazard ratio aHR 4.95, p =0.017), sebaceous gland carcinoma (aHR 57.61 p=0.006), adenocystic carcinoma (aHR 45.87, p=0.008), clear surgical margins (aHR 5.41, p=0.025), receiving only chemotherapy (aHR 169.13, p=0.004), and receiving both adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (aHR 41.51, p=0.010). Conclusion: We recommend targeted public health initiatives for Chinese patients due to their increased mortality risk from peri-ocular malignancies. In addition, we advise comprehensive adjuvant therapy for all patients regardless of whether a clear surgical margin is achieved. Basal cell carcinoma and adenocystic carcinoma may also benefit from genetic research. We advocate more training for ophthalmologists to identify periocular malignancies earlier for better treatment options and increased chances of survival.

Introduction: This study aims to determine the prognostic factors and survival outcomes of patients that underwent this surgery. Method: A retrospective review of 43 patients who underwent exenteration for periocular malignancies over a 14-year period was carried out. Patient demographics, tumour histology, treatment details, surgical margins’ status and post-operative survival were recorded. The survival outcome examined was the overall survival (OS) rate. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to evaluate post-exenteration survival. Results: In total, 20 females and 23 males with a median age of 62 ± 17.3 years were identified. The most common indication for exenteration was basal cell carcinoma (20.9), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (18.6), adenocystic carcinoma (14), malignant melanoma (14) and sebaceous gland carcinoma (11.6). The independent predictors for worse OS on multivariate analysis were Chinese ethnicity (adjusted hazard ratio aHR 4.95, p =0.017), sebaceous gland carcinoma (aHR 57.61 p=0.006), adenocystic carcinoma (aHR 45.87, p=0.008), clear surgical margins (aHR 5.41, p=0.025), receiving only chemotherapy (aHR 169.13, p=0.004), and receiving both adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (aHR 41.51, p=0.010). Conclusion: We recommend targeted public health initiatives for Chinese patients due to their increased mortality risk from peri-ocular malignancies. In addition, we advise comprehensive adjuvant therapy for all patients regardless of whether a clear surgical margin is achieved. Basal cell carcinoma and adenocystic carcinoma may also benefit from genetic research. We advocate more training for ophthalmologists to identify periocular malignancies earlier for better treatment options and increased chances of survival.

Geopolymers are synthesized by alkali or acid activation of aluminosilicate materials. This paper critically reviews the synthesis kinetics and formation mechanism of geopolymers. A variety of mechanistic tools such as Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and in situ Energy Dispersive X-ray diffractometry (EDXRD), in situ Isothermal Conduction Calorimetry (ICC), in situ Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 1 H low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Isothermal Conduction Calorimetry (ISC), and others and phenomenological models such as the John–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) model, modified Jandar model, and exponential and Knudson linear dispersion models were used to study the geopolymerization kinetics and many mechanisms were proposed for the synthesis of geopolymers. The mechanistic tools and phenomenological models provided new insights about geopolymerization kinetics and formation mechanisms but each of the techniques used possesses some limitations. These limitations need to be removed and new methods or techniques must be developed to overcome these challenges and get more detailed information about all types of geopolymers. The formation mechanism consists of three to four stages such as dissolution of raw materials, polymerization of silica and alumina, condensation, and reorganization. The Si/Al ratio above the Si/Al ratio of reactants is more suitable and it increases the rate or degree of reaction and produces a higher compressive strength geopolymer. The Na/Al ratio of 1

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) represents a transformative phase in industrial development, characterized by advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). This shift poses significant challenges and opportunities for industries, including Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC). Addressing the readiness of HVAC students for IR 4.0, this study investigates the gap in skills and competencies required in this new era. It specifically examines the preparedness of final year bachelor’s degree students in HVAC, focusing on the balance between technical and non-technical skills. Employing a qualitative descriptive research design, the study involved a sample of 100 final year HVAC students from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) and Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). A structured questionnaire, developed based on a thorough literature review and validated through expert reviews and a pilot study, was used to collect data. The questionnaire assessed students' self-evaluation of their readiness, understanding of technical skills, and development of non-technical skills relevant to IR 4.0. The analysis revealed that students possess a high level of perceived readiness for IR 4.0, with non-technical skills emerging as significant contributors to their preparedness. These skills accounted for 44% of the variance in students' readiness. The findings underscore the importance of integrating non-technical skills into the HVAC curriculum, highlighting their role in equipping students to navigate the evolving technological landscape of IR 4.0. In conclusion, the study provides comprehensive insights into the skillsets necessary for HVAC students to thrive in the IR 4.0 era. It emphasizes the need for educational institutions to adapt their curricula and pedagogical strategies to include a balanced focus on both technical and non-technical skills, thereby enhancing student employability and readiness fo

There is growing concern to determine an alternative adsorbent for remediating landfill leachate effluent with minimal environmental impact and operational cost. In this work, four low cost sustainable biocomposite materials such as limestone, peat, activated carbon and zeolite were employed as an adsorbent media in an adsorption batch study for the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from landfill leachate. Isotherm adsorption models of Langmuir and Freundlich were utilized to analyze the adsorption data. The Langmuir isotherm model showed the best fit for experimental data with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 26.18 mg/g which is indicated that the ammoniacal nitrogen adsorption took placed on the surface of biocomposite with monolayer formation of the adsorbate at a specific homogeneous site. The adsorption isotherm follows Langmuir’s model (R2 = 0.99) and Freundlich’s model (R2 = 0.98

There is growing concern to determine an alternative adsorbent for remediating landfill leachate effluent with minimal environmental impact and operational cost. In this work, four low cost sustainable biocomposite materials such as limestone, peat, activated carbon and zeolite were employed as an adsorbent media in an adsorption batch study for the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from landfill leachate. Isotherm adsorption models of Langmuir and Freundlich were utilized to analyze the adsorption data. The Langmuir isotherm model showed the best fit for experimental data with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 26.18 mg/g which is indicated that the ammoniacal nitrogen adsorption took placed on the surface of biocomposite with monolayer formation of the adsorbate at a specific homogeneous site. The adsorption isotherm follows Langmuir’s model (R2 = 0.99) and Freundlich’s model (R2 = 0.98)

The separation duration of Preliminary Breakdown to the first Return Stroke (PB-RS duration) and the ratio between the highest amplitude pulse of Preliminary Breakdown and the first Return Stroke pulse (PB/RS ratio) have become parameters for determining the relationship between lightning ground flashes with physical changes such as the latitude effect, regional and thunderstorm successfully by many researchers. This paper presents a novel finding for determining the occurrences of a lightning strike or stroke count in a negative ground flash with a duration of two seconds by using the primary tool mentioned above. Stroke count information in a lightning ground flash is crucial for power circuit breaker settings for power system protection. In this present study, 83 broadband radiation electric fields (or fast fields) gathered using a 12-bit high-speed transient recorder (HDO 4024) with a resolution of tens of nanoseconds and 12.5 MS/s. Interestingly, the PB/RS ratio with similar latitudes is consistent despite different monsoon measurements. The PB-RS duration, on the other hand, has two factors longer during the Southwest monsoon than during the Northeast monsoon. The weak pulses train (<20) shows a longer duration of PB-RS and produces more stroke count than the strong one (>100). By providing the significant stroke count under different variations of Northeast monsoon, this study allows power engineers to decide the significant parameter set up in the circuit breaker system. However, it would be more remarkable if one could provide bulky data for this specific study.

Introduction: Falling from heights can be a serious and potentially life-threatening hazard. In Malaysia, falls from heights are one of the leading causes of workplace accidents and fatalities. The Malaysian Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) reported that the year 2021 recorded an alarmingly high number of fatalities, of which the majority of the injuries were due to falls from heights. Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between the different variables associated with fatal falls from heights, which will help identify potential areas to work on to prevent these types of injuries. Methods: The study analyzed 3,321 fatal falls from height accidents from 2010 to 2020 DOSH data. Data were cleaned and normalized to extract relevant information for analysis, with agreement on variables and reliability achieved through independent sampling. Results: This study found that general workers were the most vulnerable category to fatal falls, with a 32% yearly average, whereas supervisors were the least vulnerable, with 4%. Roofers recorded a yearly fatal falls average of 15.5%, followed by electricians with 12%. Cramer’s V results ranged from negligible, weak, and strong correlations; strong to moderate correlation between the dates of injuries and the factors used in this study, whereas the direct and root causes recorded a weak to negligible correlation with the rest of the variables. Conclusions: This study provided a better understanding of the working conditions of the Malaysian construction industry. By analyzing fall injury patterns and uncovering the factors, direct and root causes relationship with other variables, it was clear how severe the Malaysian workplace conditions were. Practical Applications: This study will help better understand fatal fall injuries in the Malaysian construction industry and help develop prevention measures based on the uncovered patterns and associations.

Introduction: Falling from heights can be a serious and potentially life-threatening hazard. In Malaysia, falls from heights are one of the leading causes of workplace accidents and fatalities. The Malaysian Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) reported that the year 2021 recorded an alarmingly high number of fatalities, of which the majority of the injuries were due to falls from heights. Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between the different variables associated with fatal falls from heights, which will help identify potential areas to work on to prevent these types of injuries. Methods: The study analyzed 3,321 fatal falls from height accidents from 2010 to 2020 DOSH data. Data were cleaned and normalized to extract relevant information for analysis, with agreement on variables and reliability achieved through independent sampling. Results: This study found that general workers were the most vulnerable category to fatal falls, with a 32% yearly average, whereas supervisors were the least vulnerable, with 4%. Roofers recorded a yearly fatal falls average of 15.5%, followed by electricians with 12%. Cramer’s V results ranged from negligible, weak, and strong correlations; strong to moderate correlation between the dates of injuries and the factors used in this study, whereas the direct and root causes recorded a weak to negligible correlation with the rest of the variables. Conclusions: This study provided a better understanding of the working conditions of the Malaysian construction industry. By analyzing fall injury patterns and uncovering the factors, direct and root causes relationship with other variables, it was clear how severe the Malaysian workplace conditions were. Practical Applications: This study will help better understand fatal fall injuries in the Malaysian construction industry and help develop prevention measures based on the uncovered patterns and associations.

Introduction: Globally, commuting accident risks are always neglected in an organisation. There is a need to assess the impact of commuting accidents based on sociodemographic, human, vehicle, road, and environmental factors and to find suitable and effective mitigation strategies to alleviate the associated undesirable outcomes. Methods: This research was designed to develop a mobile application to assess commuting accident risk levels using artificial intelligence principles, as we are now in the 21st-century technology era. A total of 216 respondents from private and government industries participated in this study. Besides, to prove the developed application’s effectiveness, the study evaluated the effectiveness of the identified risk factor in determining the level of commuting risks predicted by respondents with the risk level calculated by the mobile application. Results: A major contribution of this paper is the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application known as CommuRisk. The app was developed using Android Studio and natively uses Java. There was a significant difference between with and without mobile applications in determining the level of commuting risks, and the effectiveness was proven with a (p-value = 0.001) at a 95% confidence interval with large sample size. Conclusion: Thus, this paper proved the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application in calculating risk levels exposed by commuters compared to risk levels predicted by commuters.

Introduction: Globally, commuting accident risks are always neglected in an organisation. There is a need to assess the impact of commuting accidents based on sociodemographic, human, vehicle, road, and environmental factors and to find suitable and effective mitigation strategies to alleviate the associated undesirable outcomes. Methods: This research was designed to develop a mobile application to assess commuting accident risk levels using artificial intelligence principles, as we are now in the 21st-century technology era. A total of 216 respondents from private and government industries participated in this study. Besides, to prove the developed application’s effectiveness, the study evaluated the effectiveness of the identified risk factor in determining the level of commuting risks predicted by respondents with the risk level calculated by the mobile application. Results: A major contribution of this paper is the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application known as CommuRisk. The app was developed using Android Studio and natively uses Java. There was a significant difference between with and without mobile applications in determining the level of commuting risks, and the effectiveness was proven with a (p-value = 0.001) at a 95% confidence interval with large sample size. Conclusion: Thus, this paper proved the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application in calculating risk levels exposed by commuters compared to risk levels predicted by commuters.

Data communication over the Internet has increased significantly, resulting in high data traffic and concerns over data security. Information sent over the Internet always gets the attention of intruders, which causes the effort to increase the security of sensitive data and the need to prevent leakage. Steganography is one of the techniques to protect the confidentiality of data that can be accomplished by hiding secret information within the medium of text, images, audio, and video. Hiding a secret message using text steganography can be done on character properties such as size, colour, style, etc. Colour- based steganography has always raised suspicions about the generated stego text, which is a major issue in this study. Therefore, the Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) colour technique and the Second Quotient Remainder Theorem (SQRT) were introduced in this study to perform the hiding process. RGB (0,0,0) to RGB (15,15,15) colours were used for the hiding process to avoid colour suspicion. In addition, the pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) was also used to generate dynamic hidden messages with Homophonic table generation. The results showed that the secret message can be represented dynamically and has increased the hiding capacity to 77.4%. Other than that, the selected colour has successfully avoided the suspicion of the generated stego text. Hence, the results suggested that SQRT could be employed as a method in text steganography for securing information.

Melinjo leaves (Gnetum gnemon) have been used traditionally in Maluku to treat spoilage in the fish product. Melinjo leaves contain secondary metabolites with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial biological activities. It has been identified contain gnetumal, callyspinol, cassipuorol, (+)-dehydrovomifoliol, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, isovitexin, swersitin, isoswersitin, vicenin 2, swertiajaponin, isoswertiajaponin and ursolic acid. This research aims to predict the potential of the compounds in melinjo leaves as antihistamines by inhibiting the activity of the acetylcholine muscarinic M3 receptor. The research was carried out using an in silico study method using a molecular docking approach. Docking results showed that gnetumal, callyspinol, cassipuorol, (+)-dehydrovomifoliol, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, isovitexin, swersitin, isoswersitin, vicenin 2, swertiajaponin, isoswertiajaponin and ursolic acid for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 had a binding affinity value of -7.4, -8.0, 7.0, 7.0, -6.6, -6.6, -7.4, -5.7, -4.4, -3.7, -6.0, -4.9 and -4.7 kcal/mol, respectively.

Christos V Chalitsios,1,&ast; Ralph K Akyea,2,&ast; Hasidah Abdul-Hamid,2,3 Jo Leonardi-Bee,1,4 Johanes D Kanchau,5 Aisyah Kamal,5 Mohamed-Syarif Mohamed-Yassin,3 Noorhida Baharudin,3,5 Anis Safura Ramli,3,5 Nadeem Qureshi2 1Nottingham Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Lifespan and Population Health Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; 2PRISM Research Group, Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; 3Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia; 4Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; 5Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I‑PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nadeem Qureshi, Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Email Nadeem.Qureshi@nottingham.ac.uk

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases., Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease," coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis." This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases.

Thymol is the active ingredient in plants from Thymus vulgaris (thymus). The calculations and molecular docking have been done computationally for the thymol and o-benzoyl thymol. This computational calculation aims to obtain a stable structure and electronic properties of thymol and o-benzoyl thymol. The computational analysis used DFT for geometry optimization in the gas phase using B3LYP functional and 3-211G(d) as the basis set. The optimized structure of thymol and o-benzoyl thymol is not planar. The functional benzoyl decreases the bond length, increases the bond angle, and turns the dihedral. The electronic properties, such as atomic charge and density of HOMO-LUMO, show the difference between the two molecules. The optimized structure of thymol and o-benzoyl thymol is used for molecular docking with the TYK2 enzyme (tyrosine kinase). In this research, thymol and o-benzoyl thymol can inhibit TYK2 enzyme with the bond affinity is about -5.909 kcal/mol and -7.456 kcal/mol, respectively, for thymol o-benzoyl thymol. The primary molecular interaction is hydrophobic.

In this work, we report a novel and green method for the synthesis of hierarchical nanozeolites for the hydrodeoxygenation of oleic acid to diesel-range hydrocarbons. Hierarchical nanozeolites based on HZSM-5 and HBEA with appropriate mesopores (8–20 nm) were synthesised through the surface silanisation of zeolitic seeds. In this method, organosilane (hexadecyltrimethoxysilane) was used as a growth inhibitor while biomass-derived alcohols (1-decanol and isobutanol) were used to improve the miscibility and dispersion of the organosilane. 1H MAS NMR analysis confirmed the silanisation and alkoxylation of the zeolitic seeds. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were analysed by XRD, N2 porosimetry, NH3-TPD, pyridine-DRIFTS, XPS and TEM, and the catalytic performance of bifunctional 10 wt.% Ni/h-HZSM-5 and Ni/h-HBEA were then evaluated in the HDO of a bulky feedstock, oleic acid. The hierarchical zeolites supported Ni catalysts achieved more than 86% conversion of oleic acid. Compared with their microporous nanozeolite counterparts, Ni/h-HBEA and Ni/h-HZSM-5 exhibited comparable or higher Brønsted/Lewis acid ratios, leading to high selectivity towards C18 alkanes (65% and 71%, respectively); they also demonstrated similar catalytic yields. More importantly, while their microporous analogues lost much of their activity after the first cycle, Ni/h-HZSM-5, in particular, displayed excellent stability, even after four cycles. Thus, our approach appears to be a promising way of preparing catalyst supports for efficient hydrotreatment of bulky substrates.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Diskon, E-WOM dan Kualitas Website terhadap Pembelian Impulsif di Aplikasi Tokopedia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengguna aktif Aplikasi Tokopedia di Indonesia. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan Purposive sampling method. Data dilakukan menggunakan kuestioner yang disebarluaskan menggunakan Google Form.Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 27. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: (1) diskon berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif, (2) e-wom tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembelian impulsif, (3) kualitas website berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi Tokopedia untuk dapat memberikan lebih banyak waktu ketika mengadakan diskon sehingga konsumen dapat lebih leluasa untuk melakukan pembelian impulsive, (2) diharapkan kepada Tokopedia untuk meningkatkan jaminan keamanan bagi konsumen agar konsumen yang telah memberikan informasi pribadinya akan lebih merasa aman, (3)Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian pada marketplace lainnya dengan menambah variabelnya. Kata Kunci : Diskon, E-WOM, Kualitas Website, Pembelian Impulsif, Tokopedia

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Diskon, E-WOM dan Kualitas Website terhadap Pembelian Impulsif di Aplikasi Tokopedia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengguna aktif Aplikasi Tokopedia di Indonesia. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan Purposive sampling method. Data dilakukan menggunakan kuestioner yang disebarluaskan menggunakan Google Form.Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 27. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: (1) diskon berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif, (2) e-wom tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembelian impulsif, (3) kualitas website berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi Tokopedia untuk dapat memberikan lebih banyak waktu ketika mengadakan diskon sehingga konsumen dapat lebih leluasa untuk melakukan pembelian impulsive, (2) diharapkan kepada Tokopedia untuk meningkatkan jaminan keamanan bagi konsumen agar konsumen yang telah memberikan informasi pribadinya akan lebih merasa aman, (3)Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian pada marketplace lainnya dengan menambah variabelnya. Kata Kunci : Diskon, E-WOM, Kualitas Website, Pembelian Impulsif, Tokopedia

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Diskon, E-WOM dan Kualitas Website terhadap Pembelian Impulsif di Aplikasi Tokopedia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengguna aktif Aplikasi Tokopedia di Indonesia. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan Purposive sampling method. Data dilakukan menggunakan kuestioner yang disebarluaskan menggunakan Google Form.Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 27. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: (1) diskon berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif, (2) e-wom tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembelian impulsif, (3) kualitas website berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi Tokopedia untuk dapat memberikan lebih banyak waktu ketika mengadakan diskon sehingga konsumen dapat lebih leluasa untuk melakukan pembelian impulsive, (2) diharapkan kepada Tokopedia untuk meningkatkan jaminan keamanan bagi konsumen agar konsumen yang telah memberikan informasi pribadinya akan lebih merasa aman, (3)Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian pada marketplace lainnya dengan menambah variabelnya. Kata Kunci : Diskon, E-WOM, Kualitas Website, Pembelian Impulsif, Tokopedia

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Diskon, E-WOM dan Kualitas Website terhadap Pembelian Impulsif di Aplikasi Tokopedia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengguna aktif Aplikasi Tokopedia di Indonesia. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan Purposive sampling method. Data dilakukan menggunakan kuestioner yang disebarluaskan menggunakan Google Form.Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 27. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: (1) diskon berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif, (2) e-wom tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembelian impulsif, (3) kualitas website berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi Tokopedia untuk dapat memberikan lebih banyak waktu ketika mengadakan diskon sehingga konsumen dapat lebih leluasa untuk melakukan pembelian impulsive, (2) diharapkan kepada Tokopedia untuk meningkatkan jaminan keamanan bagi konsumen agar konsumen yang telah memberikan informasi pribadinya akan lebih merasa aman, (3)Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian pada marketplace lainnya dengan menambah variabelnya. Kata Kunci : Diskon, E-WOM, Kualitas Website, Pembelian Impulsif, Tokopedia

In this work, we report a novel and green method for the synthesis of hierarchical nanozeolites for the hydrodeoxygenation of oleic acid to diesel-range hydrocarbons. Hierarchical nanozeolites based on HZSM-5 and HBEA with appropriate mesopores (8–20 nm) were synthesised through the surface silanisation of zeolitic seeds. In this method, organosilane (hexadecyltrimethoxysilane) was used as a growth inhibitor while biomass-derived alcohols (1-decanol and isobutanol) were used to improve the miscibility and dispersion of the organosilane. 1H MAS NMR analysis confirmed the silanisation and alkoxylation of the zeolitic seeds. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were analysed by XRD, N2 porosimetry, NH3-TPD, pyridine-DRIFTS, XPS and TEM, and the catalytic performance of bifunctional 10 wt.% Ni/h-HZSM-5 and Ni/h-HBEA were then evaluated in the HDO of a bulky feedstock, oleic acid. The hierarchical zeolites supported Ni catalysts achieved more than 86% conversion of oleic acid. Compared with their microporous nanozeolite counterparts, Ni/h-HBEA and Ni/h-HZSM-5 exhibited comparable or higher Brønsted/Lewis acid ratios, leading to high selectivity towards C18 alkanes (65% and 71%, respectively); they also demonstrated similar catalytic yields. More importantly, while their microporous analogues lost much of their activity after the first cycle, Ni/h-HZSM-5, in particular, displayed excellent stability, even after four cycles. Thus, our approach appears to be a promising way of preparing catalyst supports for efficient hydrotreatment of bulky substrates.

Asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitisation and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definition, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis". This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitisation patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitisation versus polysensitisation), (iii) severity of symptoms and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and auto-immune diseases. [Abstract copyright: This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.]

The separation duration of Preliminary Breakdown to the first Return Stroke (PB-RS duration) and the ratio between the highest amplitude pulse of Preliminary Breakdown and the first Return Stroke pulse (PB/RS ratio) have become parameters for determining the relationship between lightning ground flashes with physical changes such as the latitude effect, regional and thunderstorm successfully by many researchers. This paper presents a novel finding for determining the occurrences of a lightning strike or stroke count in a negative ground flash with a duration of two seconds by using the primary tool mentioned above. Stroke count information in a lightning ground flash is crucial for power circuit breaker settings for power system protection. In this present study, 83 broadband radiation electric fields (or fast fields) gathered using a 12-bit high-speed transient recorder (HDO 4024) with a resolution of tens of nanoseconds and 12.5 MS/s. Interestingly, the PB/RS ratio with similar latitudes is consistent despite different monsoon measurements. The PB-RS duration, on the other hand, has two factors longer during the Southwest monsoon than during the Northeast monsoon. The weak pulses train (<20) shows a longer duration of PB-RS and produces more stroke count than the strong one (>100). By providing the significant stroke count under different variations of Northeast monsoon, this study allows power engineers to decide the significant parameter set up in the circuit breaker system. However, it would be more remarkable if one could provide bulky data for this specific study.

Asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitisation and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definition, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis". This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitisation patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitisation versus polysensitisation), (iii) severity of symptoms and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and auto-immune diseases. [Abstract copyright: This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.]

Asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitisation and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definition, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis". This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitisation patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitisation versus polysensitisation), (iii) severity of symptoms and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and auto-immune diseases. [Abstract copyright: This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.]

Background: In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2018), the literature has expanded substantially. The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update presents 144 individual topics on allergic rhinitis (AR), expanded by over 40 topics from the 2018 document. Originally presented topics from 2018 have also been reviewed and updated. The executive summary highlights key evidence-based findings and recommendation from the full document. Methods: ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 employed established evidence-based review with recommendation (EBRR) methodology to individually evaluate each topic. Stepwise iterative peer review and consensus was performed for each topic. The final document was then collated and includes the results of this work. Results: ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 includes 10 major content areas and 144 individual topics related to AR. For a substantial proportion of topics included, an aggregate grade of evidence is presented, which is determined by collating the levels of evidence for each available study identified in the literature. For topics in which a diagnostic or therapeutic intervention is considered, a recommendation summary is presented, which considers the aggregate grade of evidence, benefit, harm, and cost. Conclusion: The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update provides a comprehensive evaluation of AR and the currently available evidence. It is this evidence that contributes to our current knowledge base and recommendations for patient evaluation and treatment.

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases., Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease," coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis." This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases.

Bank Indonesia menetapkan salah satu tolak ukur untuk mengetahui profitabilitas suatu bank yaitu dengan Retuen On Assets (ROA). ROA penting bagi bank karena ROA digunakan untuk mengukur efektifitas suatu perusahaan di dalam menghasilkan keuntungan dengan memanfaatkan aktiva yang dimiliki. Ada beberapa variable yang mempengaruhi Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah seperti CAR NPF Pembiayaan Bagi Hasil FDR dan BOPO. CAR merupakan rasio yang mengukur tingkat kecukupan modal suatu bank NPF adalah kredit macet atau kredit bermasalah. Pembiayaan bagi hasil merupakan akad kerja sama antara pemilik modal usaha dengan pengelola usaha dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan Financing to Deposit Ratio adalah rasio yang digunakan untuk mengukur likuiditas suatu perbankan dalam membayar kembali penarikan dana yang dilakukan deposan Rasio BOPO menunjukan bagaimana bank mengendalikan biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan operasional. Rasio BOPO ini menunjukan efisiensi bank. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksplanatif dengan bantuan SPSS 25. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah seluruh bank syariah di Indonesia yang terdaftar di website BI dengan jumlah 189 bank Syariah. Pada penilitian ini metode yang akan digunakan untuk menentukan sampling adalah dengan metode purposive sampling Metode Purposive Sampling adalah metode penetapan sampel berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Kriteria untuk pemiliham sampel yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah 14 Bank umum Syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia. Hasil uji regresi stepwise menunjukan bahwa variabel FDR dan BOPO memiliki nilai signifikansi sebesar 0 000 . Hal ini menunjukan bahwa tingkat signifikansi yang dihasilkan kurang dari 0 05. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa variabel FDR dan BOPO berpengaruh terhadap variabel ROA. Sed

Disaster preparedness is an issue that receives little attention in the community. Communities must take preventative measures to overcome obstacles and improve community preparedness. This review identifies the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention in the community. A systematic literature search was conducted to examine a study about the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention developed for implementation at a community level. A scoping review based on the PRISMA diagram was conducted from four databases. A combination of keywords was adapted for each database. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. A total of eight articles were synthesized based on the intervention dose of disaster preparedness among community interventions. The summarized studies provided evidence that the optimal dose for disaster preparedness intervention in the community can be prevented with an educational intervention program with a minimal dosage of intervention. The Health Belief Model Theory was the most often cited theory by researchers. The best dose for disaster preparedness intervention in a community can be mitigated with a single dose of education. Nonetheless, we cannot disregard alternative disaster preparedness theories because each has its advantages and disadvantages.

Disaster preparedness is an issue that receives little attention in the community. Communities must take preventative measures to overcome obstacles and improve community preparedness. This review identifies the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention in the community. A systematic literature search was conducted to examine a study about the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention developed for implementation at a community level. A scoping review based on the PRISMA diagram was conducted from four databases. A combination of keywords was adapted for each database. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. A total of eight articles were synthesized based on the intervention dose of disaster preparedness among community interventions. The summarized studies provided evidence that the optimal dose for disaster preparedness intervention in the community can be prevented with an educational intervention program with a minimal dosage of intervention. The Health Belief Model Theory was the most often cited theory by researchers. The best dose for disaster preparedness intervention in a community can be mitigated with a single dose of education. Nonetheless, we cannot disregard alternative disaster preparedness theories because each has its advantages and disadvantages.

Residual stress in the end-milled subsurface can significantly affect the fatigue performance of end-milled material. In the end-milling process, the generation of residual stress is extremely complex, which is closely related to the spindle speed, feed per tooth and cutting force. Thus, it is crucial to elucidate the influence of spindle speed and feed per tooth on cutting force and residual stress, also the correlation between cutting force and residual stress in terms of spindle speed and feed per tooth. According to this, dry end-milling of Inconel HX was performed by climb-milling using Kennametal KYS40 solid ceramic end-mill. From this experimental test, cutting force and residual stress showed a U-shaped relationship with the increase of spindle speed, while cutting force and residual stress showed a linear relationship with the increase of feed per tooth. Furthermore, for low cutting force and residual stress, the focus should be on choosing the optimum combination of spindle speed (21,400 to 24,100 rpm) and feed per tooth (0.014 to 0.016 mm/tooth).

Fatal falls from heights accidents represent a threat to any industry's development and progress. It is crucial to understand how these accidents evolve from a simple ‘near miss‘ into a ‘fatal accident‘. In recent years, Malaysia's construction industry suffered an increasingly alarming number of fatal falls from heights accidents. Fatal accident numbers that were reported and investigated had a noticeable increase from 2013 to 2017. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks associated with falls from heights fatal accidents, which ultimately will be able to help provide the data for proactive prevention against this type of accident. This study used two different risk assessment methods. The first risk assessment consists of a statistical analysis of the collected data. The second risk assessment includes a fault tree analysis. Data extracted from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia were used as input for the risk assessment. Results indicate several significant causes that need to be handled immediately. Some of these causes are failure to wear Personal Protective Equipment with an 85.93% occurrence rate, the lack of supervision and leadership with 89.84%, and the absence of work standards or the inability to follow them correctly with 85.15%. This study will help identify root causes, immediate causes, accidents scenarios, and finally the probability and urgency when investigating fatal falls from heights.

The goal of allergic rhinitis (AR) management is to achieve satisfactory symptom control to ensure good quality of life. Most patients with AR are currently treated with pharmacotherapy. However, knowledge gaps on the use of pharmacotherapy still exist among physicians, particularly in the primary care setting, despite the availability of guideline recommendations. Furthermore, it is common for physicians in the secondary care setting to express uncertainty regarding the use of new combination therapies like intranasal corticosteroid plus antihistamine combinations. Inadequate treatment leads to significant reduction of quality of life that affects daily activities at home, work, and school. With these concerns in mind, a practical consensus statement was developed to complement existing guidelines on the rational use of pharmacotherapy in both the primary and secondary care settings.

This study focus on Compartment 14 of the Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR) aims to fill-in the 16-year research gap in the compartment under review and provide up-to date survey data on the various species and composition of said species especially nonvolant small mammals for future reference, conservation, and management. The survey of species diversity and composition of mammals in AHFR was carried out over a five-month period from November 2017 to March 2018. The methods used to collect the data used in this study include live trapping and camera trapping used simultaneously. These methods were used to specifically quantify and identify mammal species in the study area. This survey identified and recorded nine different species of non-volant small mammals and five species of ground-dwelling big mammals. Live traps that were specifically designed to capture non-volant small mammals managed to record five of the species. Camera traps used in the survey captured data on both small non-volant mammals and grounddwelling big mammals recorded seven non-volant small mammal species and five species of big ground-dwelling mammal in the study area. The results showed the presence of eight families of mammals consisting of Cercopithecidae, Hystricidae, Muridae, Sciuridae, Suidae, Tragulidae, Tupaiidae and Viverridae. In general, both methods whether camera trapping or live trapping were significantly different from each other in terms of the data collected on species diversity of non-volant small mammals and the camera trap had the highest values on Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, at H = 1.769 which was slightly more than the values seen using the live trap method, which scored H = 1.365. The data collected on the species composition of non-volant small mammals in the Compartment 14 study area was low which might be due to the excessive amount of human activity such as jogging, hiking and camping in the area. The anthropogenic activity had adversely affected, disturbed and u

Joining dissimilar materials is always a challenging and interesting topic for researchers and industries. Friction drill joining, as a solid-state process, is a novel approach to connecting similar and dissimilar materials. Dissimilar metals, especially ultra-high-strength steels and aluminum alloys, are used significantly for the mass reduction of automotive bodies, and to reduce CO2 emissions in the automotive industry. In the current work, a friction drill joining technique for joining AISI304 and Al6061 was experimentally and numerically studied. A technique for improving joint strength, load-clamping modification, and tool movement was also introduced. The required thrust force is measured, and it is proven that adding sheet layers does not significantly affect the required thrust force. To understand and identify the mechanism of the process, and its material behaviour, material stirring and formation in the joint region were analyzed. A thermo-mechanical finite element model was also developed, and the thermal stress, plastic strain, and temperature were studied. A numerical comparison between joints formed under normal and improvement conditions was conducted, and the significant effect of the improvement conditions on joint strength and formed-bush quality was found. Based on the findings, the great potential of using friction drill joining for joining dissimilar materials is confirmed.

In powder compaction process, one of the most essential aspect that needs to be considered is the strength of the compacted materials that is commonly measured using the fracture toughness test. In order to conduct the fracture toughness test, a notch needs to be created on the sample. This is usually done through machining the sample. A recent patented work has been able to produce a modified die and tool set that can create a notch in the compacted sample without the need of subsequent machining of the sample. However, there is a research gap, where the potential utilisation of this novel modified die and tool set by the relevant industrial players, has not been conducted. Therefore, the objective of this work is to conduct a market analysis to determine the manufacturing sectors or organisations that can utilise this modified die and tool for their material testing. A survey was conducted on various industries including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medical device, food, electrical/electronic, hardware, construction, and automotive. From the survey results, the automotive sector showed the most potential. In conclusion, all responded companies favoured to manufacture the modified die and tool set themselves instead of purchasing the patent only.

Fatal falls from heights accidents represent a threat to any industry's development and progress. It is crucial to understand how these accidents evolve from a simple ‘near miss‘ into a ‘fatal accident‘. In recent years, Malaysia's construction industry suffered an increasingly alarming number of fatal falls from heights accidents. Fatal accident numbers that were reported and investigated had a noticeable increase from 2013 to 2017. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks associated with falls from heights fatal accidents, which ultimately will be able to help provide the data for proactive prevention against this type of accident. This study used two different risk assessment methods. The first risk assessment consists of a statistical analysis of the collected data. The second risk assessment includes a fault tree analysis. Data extracted from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia were used as input for the risk assessment. Results indicate several significant causes that need to be handled immediately. Some of these causes are failure to wear Personal Protective Equipment with an 85.93% occurrence rate, the lack of supervision and leadership with 89.84%, and the absence of work standards or the inability to follow them correctly with 85.15%. This study will help identify root causes, immediate causes, accidents scenarios, and finally the probability and urgency when investigating fatal falls from heights.

The goal of allergic rhinitis (AR) management is to achieve satisfactory symptom control to ensure good quality of life. Most patients with AR are currently treated with pharmacotherapy. However, knowledge gaps on the use of pharmacotherapy still exist among physicians, particularly in the primary care setting, despite the availability of guideline recommendations. Furthermore, it is common for physicians in the secondary care setting to express uncertainty regarding the use of new combination therapies like intranasal corticosteroid plus antihistamine combinations. Inadequate treatment leads to significant reduction of quality of life that affects daily activities at home, work, and school. With these concerns in mind, a practical consensus statement was developed to complement existing guidelines on the rational use of pharmacotherapy in both the primary and secondary care settings.

In powder compaction process, one of the most essential aspect that needs to be considered is the strength of the compacted materials that is commonly measured using the fracture toughness test. In order to conduct the fracture toughness test, a notch needs to be created on the sample. This is usually done through machining the sample. A recent patented work has been able to produce a modified die and tool set that can create a notch in the compacted sample without the need of subsequent machining of the sample. However, there is a research gap, where the potential utilisation of this novel modified die and tool set by the relevant industrial players, has not been conducted. Therefore, the objective of this work is to conduct a market analysis to determine the manufacturing sectors or organisations that can utilise this modified die and tool for their material testing. A survey was conducted on various industries including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medical device, food, electrical/electronic, hardware, construction, and automotive. From the survey results, the automotive sector showed the most potential. In conclusion, all responded companies favoured to manufacture the modified die and tool set themselves instead of purchasing the patent only.

Joining dissimilar materials is always a challenging and interesting topic for researchers and industries. Friction drill joining, as a solid-state process, is a novel approach to connecting similar and dissimilar materials. Dissimilar metals, especially ultra-high-strength steels and aluminum alloys, are used significantly for the mass reduction of automotive bodies, and to reduce CO2 emissions in the automotive industry. In the current work, a friction drill joining technique for joining AISI304 and Al6061 was experimentally and numerically studied. A technique for improving joint strength, load-clamping modification, and tool movement was also introduced. The required thrust force is measured, and it is proven that adding sheet layers does not significantly affect the required thrust force. To understand and identify the mechanism of the process, and its material behaviour, material stirring and formation in the joint region were analyzed. A thermo-mechanical finite element model was also developed, and the thermal stress, plastic strain, and temperature were studied. A numerical comparison between joints formed under normal and improvement conditions was conducted, and the significant effect of the improvement conditions on joint strength and formed-bush quality was found. Based on the findings, the great potential of using friction drill joining for joining dissimilar materials is confirmed.

This study focus on Compartment 14 of the Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR) aims to fill-in the 16-year research gap in the compartment under review and provide up-to date survey data on the various species and composition of said species especially nonvolant small mammals for future reference, conservation, and management. The survey of species diversity and composition of mammals in AHFR was carried out over a five-month period from November 2017 to March 2018. The methods used to collect the data used in this study include live trapping and camera trapping used simultaneously. These methods were used to specifically quantify and identify mammal species in the study area. This survey identified and recorded nine different species of non-volant small mammals and five species of ground-dwelling big mammals. Live traps that were specifically designed to capture non-volant small mammals managed to record five of the species. Camera traps used in the survey captured data on both small non-volant mammals and grounddwelling big mammals recorded seven non-volant small mammal species and five species of big ground-dwelling mammal in the study area. The results showed the presence of eight families of mammals consisting of Cercopithecidae, Hystricidae, Muridae, Sciuridae, Suidae, Tragulidae, Tupaiidae and Viverridae. In general, both methods whether camera trapping or live trapping were significantly different from each other in terms of the data collected on species diversity of non-volant small mammals and the camera trap had the highest values on Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, at H = 1.769 which was slightly more than the values seen using the live trap method, which scored H = 1.365. The data collected on the species composition of non-volant small mammals in the Compartment 14 study area was low which might be due to the excessive amount of human activity such as jogging, hiking and camping in the area. The anthropogenic activity had adversely affected, disturbed and u

Bank Indonesia menetapkan salah satu tolak ukur untuk mengetahui profitabilitas suatu bank yaitu dengan Retuen On Assets (ROA). ROA penting bagi bank karena ROA digunakan untuk mengukur efektifitas suatu perusahaan di dalam menghasilkan keuntungan dengan memanfaatkan aktiva yang dimiliki. Ada beberapa variable yang mempengaruhi Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah seperti CAR NPF Pembiayaan Bagi Hasil FDR dan BOPO. CAR merupakan rasio yang mengukur tingkat kecukupan modal suatu bank NPF adalah kredit macet atau kredit bermasalah. Pembiayaan bagi hasil merupakan akad kerja sama antara pemilik modal usaha dengan pengelola usaha dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan Financing to Deposit Ratio adalah rasio yang digunakan untuk mengukur likuiditas suatu perbankan dalam membayar kembali penarikan dana yang dilakukan deposan Rasio BOPO menunjukan bagaimana bank mengendalikan biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan operasional. Rasio BOPO ini menunjukan efisiensi bank. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksplanatif dengan bantuan SPSS 25. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah seluruh bank syariah di Indonesia yang terdaftar di website BI dengan jumlah 189 bank Syariah. Pada penilitian ini metode yang akan digunakan untuk menentukan sampling adalah dengan metode purposive sampling Metode Purposive Sampling adalah metode penetapan sampel berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Kriteria untuk pemiliham sampel yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah 14 Bank umum Syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia. Hasil uji regresi stepwise menunjukan bahwa variabel FDR dan BOPO memiliki nilai signifikansi sebesar 0 000 . Hal ini menunjukan bahwa tingkat signifikansi yang dihasilkan kurang dari 0 05. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa variabel FDR dan BOPO berpengaruh terhadap variabel ROA.

Introduction: The number of chemicals is increasing every year. Laboratories record work accidents because there are several chemicals that are not labeled and unidentified but are stored in an inappropriate place. The Globally Harmonized System (GHS) is a Global System for standardizing criteria and harmonizing hazard classification systems, Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and Labeling. This research aims to assess and evaluate the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study. Data were collected by assessing 80 types of chemicals through assessment sheets and an interview with the analyst supervisor, who had responsibility and authority in the application of the GHS. This research aims to apply the GHS with hazard classification variables, SDS availability and suitability, and labelling availability and suitability. Results: The results showed that the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya was 66.67%, categorized as good, with a good availability and suitability assessment of SDSs of 91%, and a good availability and appropriateness assessment of labelling of 98.1%. Conclusion: The results showed that the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya has been very good at implementing the GHS, but some points must be made to maintain and improve the application of the GHS as an effort to prevent accidents with hazard communication.

Introduction: The number of chemicals is increasing every year. Laboratories record work accidents because there are several chemicals that are not labeled and unidentified but are stored in an inappropriate place. The Globally Harmonized System (GHS) is a Global System for standardizing criteria and harmonizing hazard classification systems, Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and Labeling. This research aims to assess and evaluate the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study. Data were collected by assessing 80 types of chemicals through assessment sheets and an interview with the analyst supervisor, who had responsibility and authority in the application of the GHS. This research aims to apply the GHS with hazard classification variables, SDS availability and suitability, and labelling availability and suitability. Results: The results showed that the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya was 66.67%, categorized as good, with a good availability and suitability assessment of SDSs of 91%, and a good availability and appropriateness assessment of labelling of 98.1%. Conclusion: The results showed that the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya has been very good at implementing the GHS, but some points must be made to maintain and improve the application of the GHS as an effort to prevent accidents with hazard communication.

The term "moonlighting" refers to the practice of holding two or more jobs at different organizations at the same time. Employees moonlight for different reasons, including extra cash, paying off debt, starting a business, and leisure. Low salaries and economic hardships are commonly stated as grounds for moonlighting. Many people believe moonlighting will lead to poor performance, absenteeism, weariness, and career conflicts. Moonlighting has become such a challenge for Human Resource Management that it necessitates numerous thoughtful interventions to ensure employees' effective work performance while also supporting their opportunities for self-growth and development. Work adjustment is revealed by how happy the employees are with the work environment and vice versa. This is called the individual's satisfaction with their job. This also leads employees to moonlight. Work behavior is considered productive or cooperative. When employees are treated like humans, they increase their productivity. If the policy is suitable, an employee will moonlight with authorization, making HR's job easier if they can accomplish their job effectively and contribute to its success. This article summarises moonlighting nowadays. Review articles analyze primary research in new directions, strengthen present theories, or uncover patterns in existing studies. These reviews provide an overview of the literature on employee efficiency through moonlighting.

The term "moonlighting" refers to the practice of holding two or more jobs at different organizations at the same time. Employees moonlight for different reasons, including extra cash, paying off debt, starting a business, and leisure. Low salaries and economic hardships are commonly stated as grounds for moonlighting. Many people believe moonlighting will lead to poor performance, absenteeism, weariness, and career conflicts. Moonlighting has become such a challenge for Human Resource Management that it necessitates numerous thoughtful interventions to ensure employees' effective work performance while also supporting their opportunities for self-growth and development. Work adjustment is revealed by how happy the employees are with the work environment and vice versa. This is called the individual's satisfaction with their job. This also leads employees to moonlight. Work behavior is considered productive or cooperative. When employees are treated like humans, they increase their productivity. If the policy is suitable, an employee will moonlight with authorization, making HR's job easier if they can accomplish their job effectively and contribute to its success. This article summarises moonlighting nowadays. Review articles analyze primary research in new directions, strengthen present theories, or uncover patterns in existing studies. These reviews provide an overview of the literature on employee efficiency through moonlighting.