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Menyimak menjadi salah satu keterampilan bahasa awal yang harus dikuasai oleh peserta didik. Peserta didik dikatakan memiliki keterampilan menyimak yang baik tidak hanya dilihat dari kemampuan mendengarkan namun juga meliputi keemampuanmemahami dan menafsirkan pesan atau informasi yang disampaikan Latar belakang penelitian ini diambil dari permasalahan yang ditemukan di SDN 1 Nogojatisari yaitu rendahnya keterampilan menyimak teks narasi peserta didik kelas IV dimana masihditemukan banyak peserta didik yang sering bertanya dan meminta repetisi ketika guru membacakan cerita kesulitan untuk berkonsentrasi dan belum mampu menggali informasi dengan baik Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui keterampilan menyimak teks narasi peserta didik kelas IV dan pengaruh model Three Step Interview terhadap keterampilan menyimak teks narasi peserta didik kelas IV Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Pre-Experimental Design dengan pendekatankuantitatif Jenis desain penelitian ini adalah One Group Pretest-Postest Design dengan jumlah sampel sebeanyak 20 peserta didik Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan tes observasi dan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistika non- parametrik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Hasil observasi menunjukkan persentase 78% dengan kategori keterampilan menyimak teks narasi peserta didik tergolong baik dan hasil analisis data dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test memperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar gt 0 001 lt 0 05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara keterampilan menyimak teks narasi peserta didik kelas IV di SDN 1 Nogojatisari sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan model pembelajaran Three Step Interview.

Media pembelajaran adalah alat yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan dan memperjelas materi sekaligus merangsang minat dan memotivasi siswa untuk belajar agar tercapai proses belajar. Media dipilih untuk dikembangkan karena menurut hasil wawancara guru kelas VI SDN 1 Sumbergedong proses pembelajaran IPA materi tata surya membutuhkan media pembelajaran sebagai penunjang buku utama. Oleh karena itu solusi yang diberikan yaitu pengembangan media pocket book berbasis QR code materi tata surya untuk meningkatkan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar. Tujuan dari pengembangan media pocket book berbasis QR code adalah menghasilkan media pocket book yang valid menurut ahli materi ahli media dan pengguna (guru) serta praktis menurut siswa. Materi yang digunakan adalah sistem tata surya. Media pocket book dilengkapi QR code yang dapat menautkan gambar 3D AR dan video pembelajaran. Media pocket book memuat materi IPA KD 3.7 dan 4.7 dan dapat digunakan minimal dalam 2 pembelajaran. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa kelas VI SDN 1 Sumbergedong. Pengembangan ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R amp D) dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah Analyze Design Development Implementation dan Evaluation (ADDIE). Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara kepada guru dan angket kepada ahli materi ahli bahan ajar dan pengguna. Penelitian ini melibatkan 2 ahli satu guru dan 20 siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan validitas kepraktisan dan efektivitas produk. Berdasarkan validasi ahli diperoleh hasil validasi dengan kriteria sangat valid. Ahli materi sebesar 92 85% ahli media sebesar 92 85% dan pengguna sebesar 95%. Kepraktisan produk oleh siswa pada uji coba skala kecil mendapatkan hasil sebesar 100% dan uji coba skala besar mendapatkan hasil sebesar 98 5% dan efektivitas produk mengalami peningkatan sebesar 80%. Dari hasil validasi dan hasil uji coba diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pocket book yang dikembangkan sangat valid menurut validator praktis bagi siswa dan efektif untuk meningkatkan literasi s

Ghareeb Bahari,1 Ibrahim Mutambik,2 Abdullah Almuqrin,2 Zahyah H Alharbi3 1Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Information Science, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Management Information Systems, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ibrahim Mutambik, Email imutambik@ksu.edu.saBackground: Modern telemedicine (TM) technologies play a crucial role in enhancing access to Assistive Technology in healthcare services. However, the full benefits of this technology will not be realized unless it is widely accepted among service users (patients). This study aimed to investigate the impact of patient trust and perceived risk on the acceptance of TM for Assistive Technology in healthcare.Materials and Methods: A comprehensive survey instrument was developed and refined through expert feedback and a pilot study, leading to data collection from 917 participants. The theoretical framework guiding this research was based on the Trust factors in TM, which helped in conceptualizing the factors influencing patient acceptance of TM.Results: The study revealed a significant gap in patient trust in TM and highlighted the multifaceted nature of perceived risk, emphasizing the need to consider individual risk factors separately. Results also indicated that trust in technological reliability and the perceived effectiveness of TM were critical factors influencing its adoption. The findings underscore the importance of building trust among service users and promoting the reliability of TM for achieving desirable medical outcomes.Conclusion: In conclusion, to facilitate widespread acceptance of TM for Assistive Technology, a multi-faceted approach involving healthcare providers, organizations, and governments is essential to address patient concerns, enhance trust, and promote t

Steel lattice tower structures are vital infrastructures in overhead power transmission lines. To enhance the safety and reliability of these structures, the load distribution, final displacement, ultimate load-carrying capacity, and failure structural mode should be well understood. Possessing a large number of angle section members connected with bolted joints, combined with bolt slippage and eccentricity of connections, lattice tower structures experience nonlinear structural behaviour under complex loading conditions. Moreover, the soil-structure system stiffness could affect and alter the overall stiffness and response of the structure. However, in practical engineering, the foundation of lattice tower structures has been considered a fixed base, with no consideration of soil-foundation flexibility. Besides, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of differential settlements on redistribution of forces and failure mode is directly dependent on consideration of soil-foundation stiffness along with realistic consideration of other specific structural characteristics such as bolt slippage. This study aims to develop advanced numerical modeling of lattice tower structures to study the effects of soil-foundation flexibility and differential settlement on the overall behaviour, load distribution, final displacement, and failure mode of lattice tower structures. To do so, specific characteristics of these structures, including geometrical and material nonlinearity, bolt slippage, eccentricity of connections, connection rigidity, and soil-foundation stiffness, are accounted for by developed numerical modeling methodologies. More particularly, new approaches to implement the stiffness matrix for soil-foundation system and nonlinear springs in joints, representing bolt slippage phenomenon, are presented. Performing nonlinear incremental static analysis (pushover analysis), four different finite element models of a normalized lattice tower structure of the, Les structures de pylônes à treillis d’acier sont des infrastructures vitales dans les lignes aériennes de transport d’électricité. Pour améliorer la sécurité et la fiabilité de ces structures, la répartition des charges, le déplacement final, la capacité de charge ultime et le mode de rupture doivent être bien compris. Possédant un grand nombre de profilés de cornières reliés par des assemblages boulonnés, sujets au glissement des boulons et à l'excentricité des connexions, les structures de pylônes à treillis présentent un comportement structural non linéaire dans des conditions de chargement complexes. De plus, la rigidité du système sol-structure pourrait affecter et modifier la rigidité globale et la réponse de la structure. Cependant, dans les travaux d'ingénierie pratiques, les fondations des structures de pylônes à treillis sont normalement considérées comme une base fixe, sans tenir compte de la flexibilité sol-fondation. En outre, une compréhension globale des effets des tassements différentiels sur la redistribution des forces et le mode de ruine dépend directement de la prise en compte de la rigidité sol-fondation ainsi que de la prise en compte réaliste d'autres caractéristiques structurales spécifiques telles que le glissement des boulons. Cette étude vise à développer une modélisation numérique avancée des structures de pylônes à treillis pour étudier les effets de la flexibilité sol-fondation et du tassement différentiel sur le comportement global, la répartition des charges, le déplacement final et le mode de rupture des structures de pylônes à treillis. Pour ce faire, les caractéristiques spécifiques de ces structures, notamment la non-linéarité géométrique et matérielle, le glissement des boulons, l'excentricité des connections, la rigidité des assemblages et la rigidité sol-fondation, ont été prises en compte par des méthodologies de modélisation numérique avancées. Plus particulièrement, de nouvelles approches pour mettre en œuvre la matrice de

This paper evaluates a RISC-V microcontroller system on an FPGA platform using the NEORV32 core. This research aims to identify performance gaps in the NEORV32 system on an FPGA. The evaluation was carried out using the CoreMark benchmark programs. The hardware utilisation of the NEORV32 core is examined using Quartus Prime software with a particular focus on slice look-up tables (LUTs), total registers, memory bits, RAM blocks, and DSP blocks. In this work, two NEORV32 implementations are evaluated, which are RV32I and RV32I with M and Zfinx extension (RV32I_MC_zfinx). The effect of dedicated hardware and special operations on the performance of the processors is also evaluated on an FPGA board. The experiment results show that RV32I_MC_zfinx consumes 55% and 65% more LUT and registers resources, respectively, compared to the RV32I. Implementing hardware accelerators to RV32I_MC_zfinx results in a 48% increase in CoreMark score. Compared with other existing RISC-V cores, NEORV32 is a good option for embedded system development since it balances performance and resource efficiency for low-power applications.

Radiological diagnosis of lung cavities (LCs) is the key to identifying tuberculosis (TB). Conventional deep learning methods rely on a large amount of accurate pixel-level data to segment LCs. This process is timeconsuming and laborious, especially for those subtle LCs. To address such challenges, firstly, we introduce a novel 3D TB LCs imaging convolutional neural network (CNN)-transformer hybrid model (SwinUNeLCsT). The core idea of SwinUNeLCsT is to combine local details and global dependencies for TB CT scan image feature representation to effectively improve the recognition ability of LCs. Secondly, to reduce the dependence on accurate pixel-level annotations, we design an end-to-end LCs weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) framework. Through this framework, radiologists need only to classify the number and the approximate location (e.g., left lung, right lung, or both) of LCs in the CT scan to achieve efficient segmentation of the LCs. This process eliminates the need for meticulously drawing boundaries, greatly reducing the cost of annotation. Extensive experimental results show that SwinUNeLCsT outperforms currently popular medical 3D segmentation methods in the supervised semantic segmentation paradigm. Meanwhile, our WSSS framework based on SwinUNeLCsT also performs best among the existing state-of-the-art medical 3D WSSS methods.

Most of the developed and developing countries around the world are delving into the implementation of demand response (DR) strategies in demand side management (DSM) to meet the needs of their own power industry and customers. Some major segments of demand response strategies are, customer segmentation, demand/price forecasting to design customer-oriented dynamic tariff that influences the customer engagement in those strategies. One of the crucial factors that influence customer engagement in those strategies is the input variables or attributes selected to conduct precise customer segmentation, which leads to precise and more accurate demand/price forecasting to design customer-centric dynamic tariff. Most of the existing literature focused on either one of those segments but a collective review on all these segments, particularly focusing on the methods and market attributes, is yet to be conducted. This study reviews the recent existing literature on customer segmentation, demand/price forecasting, customer engagement strategies for dynamic tariff design in power industry to map out the appropriate methods for respective input attributes from the electricity market. For this purpose, the input attributes in the electricity market have been divided into six broad categories and for each attribute category, appropriate methods have been illustrated through a proposed framework based on existing literature.

Radiological diagnosis of lung cavities (LCs) is the key to identifying tuberculosis (TB). Conventional deep learning methods rely on a large amount of accurate pixel-level data to segment LCs. This process is timeconsuming and laborious, especially for those subtle LCs. To address such challenges, firstly, we introduce a novel 3D TB LCs imaging convolutional neural network (CNN)-transformer hybrid model (SwinUNeLCsT). The core idea of SwinUNeLCsT is to combine local details and global dependencies for TB CT scan image feature representation to effectively improve the recognition ability of LCs. Secondly, to reduce the dependence on accurate pixel-level annotations, we design an end-to-end LCs weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) framework. Through this framework, radiologists need only to classify the number and the approximate location (e.g., left lung, right lung, or both) of LCs in the CT scan to achieve efficient segmentation of the LCs. This process eliminates the need for meticulously drawing boundaries, greatly reducing the cost of annotation. Extensive experimental results show that SwinUNeLCsT outperforms currently popular medical 3D segmentation methods in the supervised semantic segmentation paradigm. Meanwhile, our WSSS framework based on SwinUNeLCsT also performs best among the existing state-of-the-art medical 3D WSSS methods.

Most of the developed and developing countries around the world are delving into the implementation of demand response (DR) strategies in demand side management (DSM) to meet the needs of their own power industry and customers. Some major segments of demand response strategies are, customer segmentation, demand/price forecasting to design customer-oriented dynamic tariff that influences the customer engagement in those strategies. One of the crucial factors that influence customer engagement in those strategies is the input variables or attributes selected to conduct precise customer segmentation, which leads to precise and more accurate demand/price forecasting to design customer-centric dynamic tariff. Most of the existing literature focused on either one of those segments but a collective review on all these segments, particularly focusing on the methods and market attributes, is yet to be conducted. This study reviews the recent existing literature on customer segmentation, demand/price forecasting, customer engagement strategies for dynamic tariff design in power industry to map out the appropriate methods for respective input attributes from the electricity market. For this purpose, the input attributes in the electricity market have been divided into six broad categories and for each attribute category, appropriate methods have been illustrated through a proposed framework based on existing literature.

Dukuh Sokokembang secara demografi terletak di dalam kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono, Kecamatan Petungkriyono, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah. Masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang masih sangat bergantung pada sumber daya hutan seperti bertani, beternak, menambang batu, dan menambang pasir. Kondisi hutan yang masih terjaga menjadi rumah bagi satwa hutan seperti Owa Jawa, Lutung hitam, dan berbagai spesies burung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi kegiatan pengamatan burung dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang. Tujuan tersebut didukung dengan data terkait keanekaragaman burung sekitar Dukuh Sokokembang dan interaksi, serta pandangan masyarakat terhadap keragaman burung dan kegiatan pengamatan burung di sekitar Dukuh Sokokembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan tiga pendekatan yaitu observasi, survey, dan wawancara. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai 8 November 2021 sampai 13 Mei 2023. Observasi dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode point count. Wawancara dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan puropsive stratified method untuk mengetahui pengetahuan warga Dukuh Sokokembang terkait pengetahuan warga terkait keragaman spesies burung disekitar Dukuh Sokokembang, pengetahuan warga terkait kegiatan pengamatan burung, interaksi warga dengan burung disekitar Dukuh Sokokembnag, kesediaan warga untuk berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan pengamatan burung. Survey dilakukan dengan membagikan kuisioner dalam bentuk google form kepada masyarakat umum dengan menggunakan random sampling. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis SWOT dengan menentukan Strength (kekuatan), Weakness (kelemahan), Opportunity (peluang), dan Threats (ancaman). Analisis SWOT kemudian dimasukkan dalam grafik untuk mengetahui posisi analisis dalam kuadran. Posisi hasil analisis dalam kuadran akan menjadi jawaban peluang kegiatan pengamatan burung dalam meningkatakan penghasilan masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang. Sebanyak 15 spesies burung yang terbagi dalam 12 familia yaitu Accipitrida

Dukuh Sokokembang secara demografi terletak di dalam kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono, Kecamatan Petungkriyono, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah. Masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang masih sangat bergantung pada sumber daya hutan seperti bertani, beternak, menambang batu, dan menambang pasir. Kondisi hutan yang masih terjaga menjadi rumah bagi satwa hutan seperti Owa Jawa, Lutung hitam, dan berbagai spesies burung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi kegiatan pengamatan burung dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang. Tujuan tersebut didukung dengan data terkait keanekaragaman burung sekitar Dukuh Sokokembang dan interaksi, serta pandangan masyarakat terhadap keragaman burung dan kegiatan pengamatan burung di sekitar Dukuh Sokokembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan tiga pendekatan yaitu observasi, survey, dan wawancara. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai 8 November 2021 sampai 13 Mei 2023. Observasi dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode point count. Wawancara dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan puropsive stratified method untuk mengetahui pengetahuan warga Dukuh Sokokembang terkait pengetahuan warga terkait keragaman spesies burung disekitar Dukuh Sokokembang, pengetahuan warga terkait kegiatan pengamatan burung, interaksi warga dengan burung disekitar Dukuh Sokokembnag, kesediaan warga untuk berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan pengamatan burung. Survey dilakukan dengan membagikan kuisioner dalam bentuk google form kepada masyarakat umum dengan menggunakan random sampling. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis SWOT dengan menentukan Strength (kekuatan), Weakness (kelemahan), Opportunity (peluang), dan Threats (ancaman). Analisis SWOT kemudian dimasukkan dalam grafik untuk mengetahui posisi analisis dalam kuadran. Posisi hasil analisis dalam kuadran akan menjadi jawaban peluang kegiatan pengamatan burung dalam meningkatakan penghasilan masyarakat Dukuh Sokokembang. Sebanyak 15 spesies burung yang terbagi dalam 12 familia yaitu Accipitrida

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) offers an expressive formalism for describing complex high-level tasks in dynamical systems. This paper introduces a time-varying Control Barrier Function (CBF) for control-affine nonlinear stochastic systems to fulfill STL specifications. The CBFs are used in a robust optimization problem to provide a lower bound on the satisfaction probability of a given STL specification with a predetermined robustness level. We present an online control synthesis approach to minimize a performance function while having the required satisfaction guarantee. We finally provide a tractable solution to the robust optimization for STL with linear and quadratic predicate functions. To illustrate the effectiveness of the method, we apply it to a simple linear case study and to the path-planning problem for a nonlinear wheeled mobile robot., Part of ISBN [9783907144107]QC 20240830

This research aims to identify optimal models that can be implemented effectively in Indonesian schools using technology-based education. The approach used in this research is literature study analysis, using literature study research methods to collect and summarize related literature from various sources such as journals, books, research reports, and theses. An in-depth evaluation of the literature reviewed shows that each model, such as Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Learning Management Systems, Game Based Learning, Video-Based Learning, Open Educational Resources – OER, STEM Model, Social Media in Learning, and Mobile Learning (m-learning), has specific advantages and disadvantages. The results of this research identify optimal models to be implemented in the context of technology-based education in Indonesian schools but also provide a basis for improvement and concrete recommendations for further research and implementation. The implications of these research findings are significant, providing valuable guidance for educational stakeholders, teachers, and researchers. The resulting conclusions can also be a basis for policymakers to design more effective technology-based education strategies in Indonesia. Thus, this research has the potential to inspire positive changes in curriculum development and technology education in schools while supporting efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia.

This research aims to identify optimal models that can be implemented effectively in Indonesian schools using technology-based education. The approach used in this research is literature study analysis, using literature study research methods to collect and summarize related literature from various sources such as journals, books, research reports, and theses. An in-depth evaluation of the literature reviewed shows that each model, such as Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Learning Management Systems, Game Based Learning, Video-Based Learning, Open Educational Resources – OER, STEM Model, Social Media in Learning, and Mobile Learning (m-learning), has specific advantages and disadvantages. The results of this research identify optimal models to be implemented in the context of technology-based education in Indonesian schools but also provide a basis for improvement and concrete recommendations for further research and implementation. The implications of these research findings are significant, providing valuable guidance for educational stakeholders, teachers, and researchers. The resulting conclusions can also be a basis for policymakers to design more effective technology-based education strategies in Indonesia. Thus, this research has the potential to inspire positive changes in curriculum development and technology education in schools while supporting efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia.

This research aims to identify optimal models that can be implemented effectively in Indonesian schools using technology-based education. The approach used in this research is literature study analysis, using literature study research methods to collect and summarize related literature from various sources such as journals, books, research reports, and theses. An in-depth evaluation of the literature reviewed shows that each model, such as Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Learning Management Systems, Game Based Learning, Video-Based Learning, Open Educational Resources – OER, STEM Model, Social Media in Learning, and Mobile Learning (m-learning), has specific advantages and disadvantages. The results of this research identify optimal models to be implemented in the context of technology-based education in Indonesian schools but also provide a basis for improvement and concrete recommendations for further research and implementation. The implications of these research findings are significant, providing valuable guidance for educational stakeholders, teachers, and researchers. The resulting conclusions can also be a basis for policymakers to design more effective technology-based education strategies in Indonesia. Thus, this research has the potential to inspire positive changes in curriculum development and technology education in schools while supporting efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia.

Sarah Saad AlOtaibi,1 Hessa Abdulrahman Almutairi,2 Mutlaq Khalid Alotaibi,3 Kholoud Alharbi,4 Ghareeb Bahari4 1Nursing Improvement Administration Department at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Nursing Department at General Directorate of Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Nursing Administration Department at Afif General Hospital, Afif, Saudi Arabia; 4Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ghareeb Bahari, P.O. Box 642, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966118054381, Email gbahari@ksu.edu.saBackground: Disaster management is an ongoing international concern, and nurses play essential roles in minimizing negative impacts on the health of communities. However, many nurses have limited knowledge and skills on how to respond to disasters effectively. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a newly developed educational program on improving nurses’ disaster management and preparedness.Methods and Design: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 88 nurses working at a public hospital. The educational program included six modules covering various aspects of disaster management. Pre-and post-tests were administered to evaluate changes in perceptions of disaster management competencies. Independent sample t-test, Pearson coefficient correlation, and One-way ANOVA tests were all run using SPSS.Results: A significant proportion of nurses (78.4%) reported ongoing training in disaster management, while a smaller percentage (21.6%) expressed a contrary opinion. Nurses also had a moderate level of agreement with the disaster preparedness program (Pretest: 2.26 ± 0.34; post-test: 2.29 ± 0.31). Further, the results showed small improvements in nursing perceptions of the operational plan after the educational program (Pretest: M=2.76, SD=0.63; Post-test: M=2.89, SD=0.44), although the differences between pre-and-post assessments were not significant

Panti Asuhan dan Pondok Lansia "Al Maa'uun" merupakan lembaga sosial yang berperan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesejahteraan sosial bagi masyarakat.  Panti Asuhan Yatim dan Pondok Lansia Al Maa’uun telah berdiri sejak tahun 2019 bertempat di dusun Bakalan, Sapuran, Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah. Kegiatan yang telah dilakukan adalah bercocok tanam berbagai sayuran dan pengolahan carica. Kegiatan bercocok taman yang dilakukan tidak selalu menghasilkan panen yang baik. Permasalah diantaranya adalah hama penyakit pada tanaman yang penanggulangannya sangat sulit diatasi. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini difokuskan pada usaha untuk meminimalkan serangan hama dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman adalah dengan penggunaan green house untuk tanaman buah melon, khususnya pada pembuatan sistem perpipaan menggunakan sistem PJC. Pemasangan selang drip dilakukan sebelum penanaman dengan tujuan untuk mengalirkan nutrisi dari fertikid nutrisi melalui pipa utama untuk sampai ke tanaman. Selang drip dihubungkan dengan selang penetes (drib tube) yang dipasang di sepanjang selang cabang.

Panti Asuhan dan Pondok Lansia "Al Maa'uun" merupakan lembaga sosial yang berperan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesejahteraan sosial bagi masyarakat.  Panti Asuhan Yatim dan Pondok Lansia Al Maa’uun telah berdiri sejak tahun 2019 bertempat di dusun Bakalan, Sapuran, Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah. Kegiatan yang telah dilakukan adalah bercocok tanam berbagai sayuran dan pengolahan carica. Kegiatan bercocok taman yang dilakukan tidak selalu menghasilkan panen yang baik. Permasalah diantaranya adalah hama penyakit pada tanaman yang penanggulangannya sangat sulit diatasi. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini difokuskan pada usaha untuk meminimalkan serangan hama dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman adalah dengan penggunaan green house untuk tanaman buah melon, khususnya pada pembuatan sistem perpipaan menggunakan sistem PJC. Pemasangan selang drip dilakukan sebelum penanaman dengan tujuan untuk mengalirkan nutrisi dari fertikid nutrisi melalui pipa utama untuk sampai ke tanaman. Selang drip dihubungkan dengan selang penetes (drib tube) yang dipasang di sepanjang selang cabang.

Quantum computing was proposed to simulate processes that surpass the capabilities of its counterpart, classical computing. Utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics, it improves the computing power of quantum computing. Top developers namely IBM, Rigetti, D-Wave, Qutech and Google have invested greatly in the technology. Nowadays, users can access the quantum computing system publicly over the network in a cloud environment, this system architecture is known as cloud-based quantum computing. However, different developers deliver different architecture and functionality of the system on their platforms. This has indirectly spawned a question of which cloud-based quantum computing platform is a better option based on certain specific requirements by an individual or group. The main objective of this study is to provide a proposed framework using the existing cloud-based service of quantum computing based on previous studies for users with their specific demands.

Ghareeb Bahari, Ali Kerari Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ghareeb Bahari, Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, P.O. Box 642, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966118054381, Email gbahari@ksu.edu.saBackground: Chronic diseases are a major public health concern globally, and the position in Saudi Arabia is no exception. The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is a widely used intervention process to address care of chronic conditions. However, its effectiveness in a Saudi context has not been extensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the post-intervention outcomes of the CDSMP in Saudi Arabia.Materials and Methods: The study utilized a qualitative design on patients with chronic conditions. Data were collected through two focus group sessions with 15 participants who had completed the CDSMP. A thematic analysis technique was used for data analysis.Results: Three key themes emerged from analysis of the qualitative data obtained through the focus groups: the perceived benefits from participation in the CDSMP workshop; the impact of the CDSMP workshop on improving health status and quality of life; and, the cultural acceptability of the CDSMP. The study also found that the CDSMP was effective in improving participants’ self-management skills and quality of life. Additional benefits included increased motivation for behavioral change, enhanced confidence regarding self-care of chronic conditions, improved communication with healthcare providers, and better coping strategies.Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of the CDSMP in addressing chronic conditions in Saudi Arabia. The program’s emphasis on self-management skills and peer support aligns with the cultural values of Saudi Arabia. However, applying the CDSMP across various chronic conditions

A prosthetic nose is an option where the patient can gain an artificial organ for aesthetics. Thus, this study includes the 3D scan and reconstruction of the 3D model of an artificial nose and analyzes different material properties, which are thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and nylon 6 (PA). This research aims to fabricate an artificial nose model using 3D printing technology. A 3D scanner can scan the human head before reconstructing the nose. The analysis of different materials on the artificial nose model is to determine the appropriate material for the artificial nose to fit perfectly into the patient’s face. The artificial nose will use TPU material with a deformation value of 0.00413mm and a maximum stress value of 0.4930 MPa. This prosthesis nose enables people to interact in their social and family lives, making them happier and more comfortable.

A prosthetic nose is an option where the patient can gain an artificial organ for aesthetics. Thus, this study includes the 3D scan and reconstruction of the 3D model of an artificial nose and analyzes different material properties, which are thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and nylon 6 (PA). This research aims to fabricate an artificial nose model using 3D printing technology. A 3D scanner can scan the human head before reconstructing the nose. The analysis of different materials on the artificial nose model is to determine the appropriate material for the artificial nose to fit perfectly into the patient’s face. The artificial nose will use TPU material with a deformation value of 0.00413mm and a maximum stress value of 0.4930 MPa. This prosthesis nose enables people to interact in their social and family lives, making them happier and more comfortable.

Vehicle trajectory prediction has increasingly relied on data-driven solutions, but their ability to scale to different data domains and the impact of larger dataset sizes on their generalization remain under-explored. While these questions can be studied by employing multiple datasets, it is challenging due to several discrepancies, e.g., in data formats, map resolution, and semantic annotation types. To address these challenges, we introduce UniTraj, a comprehensive framework that unifies various datasets, models, and evaluation criteria, presenting new opportunities for the vehicle trajectory prediction field. In particular, using UniTraj, we conduct extensive experiments and find that model performance significantly drops when transferred to other datasets. However, enlarging data size and diversity can substantially improve performance, leading to a new state-of-the-art result for the nuScenes dataset. We provide insights into dataset characteristics to explain these findings. The code can be found here: https://github.com/vita-epfl/UniTraj

Trajectory prediction plays an essential role in autonomous vehicles. While numerous strategies have been developed to enhance the robustness of trajectory prediction models, these methods are predominantly heuristic and do not offer guaranteed robustness against adversarial attacks and noisy observations. In this work, we propose a certification approach tailored for the task of trajectory prediction. To this end, we address the inherent challenges associated with trajectory prediction, including unbounded outputs, and mutli-modality, resulting in a model that provides guaranteed robustness. Furthermore, we integrate a denoiser into our method to further improve the performance. Through comprehensive evaluations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique across various baselines and using standard trajectory prediction datasets. The code will be made available online: https://s-attack.github.io

Perkembangan teknologi telah menghadirkan berbagai kemudahan, termasuk dalam lingkungan bisnis. Salah satu kontribusinya adalah hadirnya metode pembayaran non tunai menggunakan kode QR. Pemerintah Indonesia bekerjasama dengan bank dan penyedia jasa sistem pembayaran telah membuat standar pembayaran kode QR yang disebut QRIS. Pemberlakuan QRIS ini juga merupakan salah satu upaya percepatan digitalisasi sistem pembayaran di Indonesia. Keberhasilan adopsi QRIS ini sangat bergantung pada kesiapan pengguna untuk menerima sistem baru yang tercermin dalam niat perilaku pengguna. Salah satu teori yang dapat menjelaskan tentang niat perilaku pengguna adalah Mobile Technology Acceptance Model. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan dan anteseden penggunaan QRIS pada pembayaran digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner secara insidental yang melibatkan 94 responden. Penelitian menggunakan uji Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) untuk pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mobile ease of use, trust, dan anxiety memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap behavioral intention pengguna QRIS. Sementara itu mobile usefulness, optimism, dan personal innovativeness tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap behavioral intention pengguna QRIS.

This study investigates the influence of product quality, service quality, price, and location on customer satisfaction in coffee shops. The coffee shop industry is highly competitive, with numerous establishments vying for customer loyalty. Understanding the factors that contribute to customer satisfaction is crucial for the success of coffee shop businesses. To achieve this, a comprehensive survey was conducted, gathering responses from a diverse sample of coffee shop customers. The research findings indicate that product quality, service quality, price, and location significantly impact customer satisfaction. High-quality coffee products, exceptional service, reasonable pricing, and convenient locations were found to positively influence customer satisfaction. These results provide valuable insights for coffee shop owners and managers, enabling them to make informed decisions and tailor their strategies to enhance customer satisfaction and ultimately, the success of their businesses.

This research aims to identify optimal models that can be implemented effectively in Indonesian schools using technology-based education. The approach used in this research is literature study analysis, using literature study research methods to collect and summarize related literature from various sources such as journals, books, research reports, and theses. An in-depth evaluation of the literature reviewed shows that each model, such as Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Learning Management Systems, Game Based Learning, Video-Based Learning, Open Educational Resources – OER, STEM Model, Social Media in Learning, and Mobile Learning (m-learning), has specific advantages and disadvantages. The results of this research identify optimal models to be implemented in the context of technology-based education in Indonesian schools but also provide a basis for improvement and concrete recommendations for further research and implementation. The implications of these research findings are significant, providing valuable guidance for educational stakeholders, teachers, and researchers. The resulting conclusions can also be a basis for policymakers to design more effective technology-based education strategies in Indonesia. Thus, this research has the potential to inspire positive changes in curriculum development and technology education in schools while supporting efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia.

Perkembangan teknologi telah menghadirkan berbagai kemudahan, termasuk dalam lingkungan bisnis. Salah satu kontribusinya adalah hadirnya metode pembayaran non tunai menggunakan kode QR. Pemerintah Indonesia bekerjasama dengan bank dan penyedia jasa sistem pembayaran telah membuat standar pembayaran kode QR yang disebut QRIS. Pemberlakuan QRIS ini juga merupakan salah satu upaya percepatan digitalisasi sistem pembayaran di Indonesia. Keberhasilan adopsi QRIS ini sangat bergantung pada kesiapan pengguna untuk menerima sistem baru yang tercermin dalam niat perilaku pengguna. Salah satu teori yang dapat menjelaskan tentang niat perilaku pengguna adalah Mobile Technology Acceptance Model. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan dan anteseden penggunaan QRIS pada pembayaran digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner secara insidental yang melibatkan 94 responden. Penelitian menggunakan uji Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) untuk pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mobile ease of use, trust, dan anxiety memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap behavioral intention pengguna QRIS. Sementara itu mobile usefulness, optimism, dan personal innovativeness tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap behavioral intention pengguna QRIS.

This study investigates the influence of product quality, service quality, price, and location on customer satisfaction in coffee shops. The coffee shop industry is highly competitive, with numerous establishments vying for customer loyalty. Understanding the factors that contribute to customer satisfaction is crucial for the success of coffee shop businesses. To achieve this, a comprehensive survey was conducted, gathering responses from a diverse sample of coffee shop customers. The research findings indicate that product quality, service quality, price, and location significantly impact customer satisfaction. High-quality coffee products, exceptional service, reasonable pricing, and convenient locations were found to positively influence customer satisfaction. These results provide valuable insights for coffee shop owners and managers, enabling them to make informed decisions and tailor their strategies to enhance customer satisfaction and ultimately, the success of their businesses.

This paper evaluates a RISC-V microcontroller system on an FPGA platform using the NEORV32 core. This research aims to identify performance gaps in the NEORV32 system on an FPGA. The evaluation was carried out using the CoreMark benchmark programs. The hardware utilisation of the NEORV32 core is examined using Quartus Prime software with a particular focus on slice look-up tables (LUTs), total registers, memory bits, RAM blocks, and DSP blocks. In this work, two NEORV32 implementations are evaluated, which are RV32I and RV32I with M and Zfinx extension (RV32I_MC_zfinx). The effect of dedicated hardware and special operations on the performance of the processors is also evaluated on an FPGA board. The experiment results show that RV32I_MC_zfinx consumes 55% and 65% more LUT and registers resources, respectively, compared to the RV32I. Implementing hardware accelerators to RV32I_MC_zfinx results in a 48% increase in CoreMark score. Compared with other existing RISC-V cores, NEORV32 is a good option for embedded system development since it balances performance and resource efficiency for low-power applications.

Purpose: This research aims to understand how e-endorsements, which involve popular individuals or entities in product promotions, can increase consumer purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of products, and encourage purchase intentions.Methodology: The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach that focuses on literature reviews. Researchers collect and analyze existing data from various sources to understand the effectiveness of e-endorsements as a digital marketing strategy. Research Findings: E-endorsement is an effective digital marketing strategy in digital business. This strategy involves using popular individuals or entities to promote a product, which can increase purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of the product, and encourage purchase intent. Contribution/Originality/Novelty: The contribution of this research lies in an in-depth analysis of the influence of e-endorsements in digital marketing, especially in the context of growing digital businesses. Its originality comes from the focus on discussing influencers with high popularity and trust as a promotional tool, which has not been researched much before. The novelty of this research lies in the latest observations of trends in e-commerce and social media, as well as an assessment of the potential of e-endorsements as a business opportunity for resellers and dropshippers. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana e-endorsement, yang melibatkan individu atau entitas populer dalam promosi produk, dapat meningkatkan minat beli konsumen, membangun persepsi positif terhadap produk, dan mendorong keinginan pembelian.Metodologi: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang berfokus pada tinjauan literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data yang ada dari berbagai sumber untuk memahami efektivitas e-endorsement sebagai strategi pemasaran digital.Temuan Penelitian: E-endorsement me

Purpose: This research aims to understand how e-endorsements, which involve popular individuals or entities in product promotions, can increase consumer purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of products, and encourage purchase intentions.Methodology: The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach that focuses on literature reviews. Researchers collect and analyze existing data from various sources to understand the effectiveness of e-endorsements as a digital marketing strategy. Research Findings: E-endorsement is an effective digital marketing strategy in digital business. This strategy involves using popular individuals or entities to promote a product, which can increase purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of the product, and encourage purchase intent. Contribution/Originality/Novelty: The contribution of this research lies in an in-depth analysis of the influence of e-endorsements in digital marketing, especially in the context of growing digital businesses. Its originality comes from the focus on discussing influencers with high popularity and trust as a promotional tool, which has not been researched much before. The novelty of this research lies in the latest observations of trends in e-commerce and social media, as well as an assessment of the potential of e-endorsements as a business opportunity for resellers and dropshippers. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana e-endorsement, yang melibatkan individu atau entitas populer dalam promosi produk, dapat meningkatkan minat beli konsumen, membangun persepsi positif terhadap produk, dan mendorong keinginan pembelian.Metodologi: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang berfokus pada tinjauan literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data yang ada dari berbagai sumber untuk memahami efektivitas e-endorsement sebagai strategi pemasaran digital.Temuan Penelitian: E-endorsement me

Renewable energies can reduce emissions from fossil fuel-based power production by a significant amount, reducing climate change. Among the several options being investigated, hydrogen is now recognized as one of the primary enabling technologies for future large-scale and long-term green storage of renewable energy. However, using clean and renewable energy sources like water and sunlight is the best option. According to recent studies, photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a potential technology for creating hydrogen using free solar energy since hydrogen and oxygen gases may be easily identified in PEC. This study uses bibliometric and systematic literature review methodologies to examine the scientific understanding of PEC water splitting and hydrogen generation, evaluating 936 articles issued in the Web of Science database from 1970 to 2022. The authors looked at how PEC water splitting research has developed compared to prior research, what criteria make up practical approaches, and what subjects have emerged as new trends in reacting to changing situations. The key findings from the article analysis, future research potential, and practical implications for the field are discussed.

Trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) is one of the most widely used indicators to quantify the barrier integrity of endothelial layers. Over the last decade, the integration of TEER sensors into organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms has gained increasing interest for its efficient and effective measurement of TEER in OOCs. To date, microfabricated electrodes or direct insertion of wires has been used to integrate TEER sensors into OOCs, with each method having advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we developed a TEER-SPE chip consisting of carbon-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) embedded in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based multi-layered microfluidic device with a porous poly(ethylene terephthalate) membrane in-between. As proof of concept, we demonstrated the successful cultures of hCMEC/D3 cells and the formation of confluent monolayers in the TEER-SPE chip and obtained TEER measurements for 4 days. Additionally, the TEER-SPE chip could detect changes in the barrier integrity due to shear stress or an inflammatory cytokine (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-& alpha;). The novel approach enables a low-cost and facile fabrication of carbon-based SPEs on PMMA substrates and the subsequent assembly of PMMA layers for rapid prototyping. Being cost-effective and cleanroom-free, our method lowers the existing logistical and technical barriers presenting itself as another step forward to the broader adoption of OOCs with TEER measurement capability., QC 20231009

The idea of adapting Malay traditional architectural values has been gazetted as one of the resolutions for National Architecture Identity as presented in ‘Seminar Ke Arah Identiti Kebangsaan Dalam Seni Bina’ in 1981. The resolution heavily influenced the adaptation of traditional Malay architecture, motives, and artefact onto modern architecture as a form to inculcate a singular and united national identity. A lot of research and documentation on good and meaningful architecture embracing the ideals of National architecture identity through the worldview and perspectives of Malay scholars and architects have been documented through books, journals, magazines and extensively discussed during seminars, symposiums, and discourses. Ironically, the contributions of Non-Malay architects adapting Malay symbolism to enunciate or articulate national pride and identity, either due to policies or interest, are minimally discussed and highlighted. This publication attempted to document the contributions of non-Malay architects to the national architecture identity construct. It is crucial to shape future philosophies, theories, criticisms, and thoughts on the overall built environment in developing a comprehensive construct of national architectural identity that does not necessarily rely on ethnocentric criteria based on a single race dominance. The research allows us to expand and progress the local architecture narrative by including diverse voices and thoughts, especially of those who have contributed extensively in the eras of nation-building. This inclusive and diverse input will, in turn, inform and expand the discourse of national identity and unity.

The objective of this study is to access the effect of purple sweet potato leaf (PSPL) extract on diabetic retinopathy (DR) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ, and diabetes was confirmed on day 7. Rats were further divided into a few groups, which were then orally administered with one of the following treatments: 25 mg/kg of gliclazide (D25G), 200 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 200), and 400 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 400). However, the normal control (NS) and control group for diabetic (DNS) were given normal saline (NS) for 12 weeks. The results show that the treated group demonstrated a reduction in serum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels of DT 200 and DT 400, and an increase in the serum and retinal insulin levels, and restored oxidative stress markers in serum and retina on week 12. The PSPL extract exhibited protective effects in maintaining the kidney, liver, retina, and pancreas architecture in 400 mg/kg compared to the 200 mg/kg treated group and D25G, thereby restoring fully transparent lenses in diabetes-induced rats. In conclusion, 400 mg/kg PSPL is the most effective dose for the amelioration of STZ-induced DR pathology in male SD rats.

Pre-pregnancy weight gain induces dysregulation in the metabolic profile of the offspring, thereby serving as a key factor for cognitive decline and anxiety status in the offspring. However, early probiotic supplementation during the gestational period is linked with improved metabolic health. At the same time, a natural plant known as Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) is proven to improve cognition and modulate the stress hormone due to its high concentration of flavonoids. However, the effects of medicinal plant integrated probiotics in F1 generations warrants further investigation. Thus, this study aimed to study the effect of E. tapos yoghurt on the maternal obesity induced cognitive dysfunction and anxiety in female offspring. In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats were fed with normal chow (n = 8) or high fat diet (n = 40) across pre-pregnancy, gestation, and weaning. The treatment with different concentrations of E. tapos yoghurt (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg/day) were initiated in the obese dams upon post coitum day 0 up to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). Female offspring were weaned on PND 21 and body mass index, waist circumference, lee index, behavior, metabolic parameter, and antioxidant status were analyzed. The result shows that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group shows a decreased level of insulin, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low fat tissue mass with a high level of HDL, and an increased level of antioxidant status in the hypothalamus. The behavioral assessment proves that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group exhibits a high recognition index on novel object/place with low anxiety-like behavior in an open field test. In conclusion, our data signify the beneficial effect of early intervention in obese dams on the transgenerational impact on female offspring’s metabolic profile, cognitive performance, and anxiety-like behavior.

This study investigates the dosimetric characteristics of a real-time radioluminescence (RL) Ge-doped optical fiber sensor, model LS-1000, providing measurement of absorbed dose in terms of counts in use of a computed tomography (CT) system. A CT dose index head phantom has been used as the reference tool. The response of the LS-1000 sensor has been compared against that of two other forms of dosimeter - a RaySafe X2 CT sensor (an ionization chamber system) and a Black Piranha CT dose profiler (a point dose solid-state detector). The three dosimeters have been irradiated in each of five available holes within the CT dose index head phantom. The results show RL response at the position of the peripheral holes of around 250 counts/gate for a gate time of 10 ms, while at the position of the central hole the response was 80 counts/gate. The maximum dose rate for the RaySafe X2 CT sensor has been found to be 5 mGy/s while that observed for the CT dose profiler was 6 mGy/s. In respect of CT applications, this trial of the luminescence device demonstrates that the germanium-doped optical fiber device may offer a promising alternative to conventional dosimeters, also allowing measurements at high accuracy and precision.

Computer tomography (CT) has proved fundamental in image evaluation throughout the past three decades. By combining rapid scanning with high-quality data sets, multi-detector technology continues to influence practice patterns. This has led to new applications and improved use in conventional applications. However, the increased use of CT has generated significant concern regarding the high radiation doses received by patients during CT scans compared to traditional radiography examinations. Many studies have been undertaken on minimizing patient dose and adhering to the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle. A total of 40 English articles from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar were systematically summarized in this review paper to introduce the growth of CT scan from single-slice to multi-slice technology from 2000 until December 2020 as well as dual-energy and multi-detector CT technologies. The important role of utilizing CT radiation dosimeters for CT dose measurement is defined included CT dose reduction techniques.

The use of natural reducing and capping agents has gained importance as a way to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) in an environmentally sustainable manner. Increasing numbers of studies have been published on the green synthesis of NPs using natural sources such as bacteria, fungi, and plants. In recent years, the use of honey in the synthesis of metal and metal oxide NPs has become a new and promising area of research. Honey acts as both a stabilizing and reducing agent in the NP synthesis process and serves as a precursor. This review focuses on the use of honey in the synthesis of silver NPs (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs), emphasizing its role as a reducing and capping agent. Additionally, a comprehensive examination of the bio-based reducing and capping/stabilizing agents used in the honey-mediated biosynthesis mechanism is provided. Finally, the review looks forward to environmentally friendly methods for NP synthesis.

Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition that induces the generation of oxidative stress and inflammation. This oxidative stress and inflammation stimulate brain atrophy and some morphological changes in the brain that eventually result in cognitive impairments. However, there is no exact study that has summarized the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity and its impact on cognitive impairments. Thus, the objective of this review is to recapitulate the current role of oxidative stress and inflammation in cognitive decline based on in vivo evidence. A comprehensive search was performed in Nature, Medline and Ovid, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, and the search was limited to the past 10 years of publication. From the search, we identified 27 articles to be further reviewed. The outcome of this study indicates that a greater amount of fat stored in individual adipocytes in obesity induces the formation of reactive oxygen species and inflammation. This will lead to the generation of oxidative stress, which may cause morphological changes in the brain, suppress the endogenous antioxidant system, and promote neuroinflammation and, eventually, neuronal apoptosis. This will impair the normal function of the brain and specific regions that are involved in learning, as well as memory. This shows that obesity has a strong positive correlation with cognitive impairments. Hence, this review summarizes the mechanism of oxidative stress and inflammation that induce memory loss based on animal model evidence. In conclusion, this review may serve as an insight into therapeutic development focusing on oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways to manage an obesity-induced cognitive decline in the future.

Vitex trifolia (V.trifolia) commonly known as chaste tree and has been proven to have important medicinal benefits in herbal medicine. The aim of this research was to determine the toxicity effect of V.trifolia ethanol extraction on zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio) at different concentrations. Toxicology tests were performed on Danio rerio embryos exposed to V.trifolia extraction at various concentrations from 0.24 to 1000 g/ml for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Observation was done on the survival rate, hatching rate, heartbeat rate, scoliosis rate, and melanin pigmentation formation. Data was analyzed using version 27 of the SPSS. Result shows that the V.trifolia has an LC50 value of 7.681 g/ml. At higher concentrations with the range between 62.5 to 1000 g/ml, no hatching was observed, whereas hatchability of Danio rerio embryos was observed at lower concentrations with the range between 0.244 to 31.25 g/ml. There was no scoliosis observed in any concentration of zebrafish larvae treated with V.trifolia extract. For the heartbeat of Danio rerio embryos, normal heartbeat was obtained at concentration of 0.24 to 31.25 ug/ml up to 96 post fertilization (hpf). However, at 62.5 ug/ml the embryo heartbeat only presence until 24 hpf, followed by zero heartbeat at 48 hpf onwards. Melanin pigmentation was detected at 48, 72, and 96 hpf. In conclusion, the V.trifolia ethanol extraction shows a mild toxicity effect at higher doses when tested on the zebrafish embryo.

Pre-pregnancy weight gain induces dysregulation in the metabolic profile of the offspring, thereby serving as a key factor for cognitive decline and anxiety status in the offspring. However, early probiotic supplementation during the gestational period is linked with improved metabolic health. At the same time, a natural plant known as Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) is proven to improve cognition and modulate the stress hormone due to its high concentration of flavonoids. However, the effects of medicinal plant integrated probiotics in F1 generations warrants further investigation. Thus, this study aimed to study the effect of E. tapos yoghurt on the maternal obesity induced cognitive dysfunction and anxiety in female offspring. In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats were fed with normal chow (n = 8) or high fat diet (n = 40) across pre-pregnancy, gestation, and weaning. The treatment with different concentrations of E. tapos yoghurt (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg/day) were initiated in the obese dams upon post coitum day 0 up to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). Female offspring were weaned on PND 21 and body mass index, waist circumference, lee index, behavior, metabolic parameter, and antioxidant status were analyzed. The result shows that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group shows a decreased level of insulin, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low fat tissue mass with a high level of HDL, and an increased level of antioxidant status in the hypothalamus. The behavioral assessment proves that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group exhibits a high recognition index on novel object/place with low anxiety-like behavior in an open field test. In conclusion, our data signify the beneficial effect of early intervention in obese dams on the transgenerational impact on female offspring’s metabolic profile, cognitive performance, and anxiety-like behavior.

The objective of this study is to access the effect of purple sweet potato leaf (PSPL) extract on diabetic retinopathy (DR) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ, and diabetes was confirmed on day 7. Rats were further divided into a few groups, which were then orally administered with one of the following treatments: 25 mg/kg of gliclazide (D25G), 200 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 200), and 400 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 400). However, the normal control (NS) and control group for diabetic (DNS) were given normal saline (NS) for 12 weeks. The results show that the treated group demonstrated a reduction in serum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels of DT 200 and DT 400, and an increase in the serum and retinal insulin levels, and restored oxidative stress markers in serum and retina on week 12. The PSPL extract exhibited protective effects in maintaining the kidney, liver, retina, and pancreas architecture in 400 mg/kg compared to the 200 mg/kg treated group and D25G, thereby restoring fully transparent lenses in diabetes-induced rats. In conclusion, 400 mg/kg PSPL is the most effective dose for the amelioration of STZ-induced DR pathology in male SD rats.

Computer tomography (CT) has proved fundamental in image evaluation throughout the past three decades. By combining rapid scanning with high-quality data sets, multi-detector technology continues to influence practice patterns. This has led to new applications and improved use in conventional applications. However, the increased use of CT has generated significant concern regarding the high radiation doses received by patients during CT scans compared to traditional radiography examinations. Many studies have been undertaken on minimizing patient dose and adhering to the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle. A total of 40 English articles from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar were systematically summarized in this review paper to introduce the growth of CT scan from single-slice to multi-slice technology from 2000 until December 2020 as well as dual-energy and multi-detector CT technologies. The important role of utilizing CT radiation dosimeters for CT dose measurement is defined included CT dose reduction techniques.

This study investigates the dosimetric characteristics of a real-time radioluminescence (RL) Ge-doped optical fiber sensor, model LS-1000, providing measurement of absorbed dose in terms of counts in use of a computed tomography (CT) system. A CT dose index head phantom has been used as the reference tool. The response of the LS-1000 sensor has been compared against that of two other forms of dosimeter - a RaySafe X2 CT sensor (an ionization chamber system) and a Black Piranha CT dose profiler (a point dose solid-state detector). The three dosimeters have been irradiated in each of five available holes within the CT dose index head phantom. The results show RL response at the position of the peripheral holes of around 250 counts/gate for a gate time of 10 ms, while at the position of the central hole the response was 80 counts/gate. The maximum dose rate for the RaySafe X2 CT sensor has been found to be 5 mGy/s while that observed for the CT dose profiler was 6 mGy/s. In respect of CT applications, this trial of the luminescence device demonstrates that the germanium-doped optical fiber device may offer a promising alternative to conventional dosimeters, also allowing measurements at high accuracy and precision.

The use of natural reducing and capping agents has gained importance as a way to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) in an environmentally sustainable manner. Increasing numbers of studies have been published on the green synthesis of NPs using natural sources such as bacteria, fungi, and plants. In recent years, the use of honey in the synthesis of metal and metal oxide NPs has become a new and promising area of research. Honey acts as both a stabilizing and reducing agent in the NP synthesis process and serves as a precursor. This review focuses on the use of honey in the synthesis of silver NPs (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs), emphasizing its role as a reducing and capping agent. Additionally, a comprehensive examination of the bio-based reducing and capping/stabilizing agents used in the honey-mediated biosynthesis mechanism is provided. Finally, the review looks forward to environmentally friendly methods for NP synthesis.

Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition that induces the generation of oxidative stress and inflammation. This oxidative stress and inflammation stimulate brain atrophy and some morphological changes in the brain that eventually result in cognitive impairments. However, there is no exact study that has summarized the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity and its impact on cognitive impairments. Thus, the objective of this review is to recapitulate the current role of oxidative stress and inflammation in cognitive decline based on in vivo evidence. A comprehensive search was performed in Nature, Medline and Ovid, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, and the search was limited to the past 10 years of publication. From the search, we identified 27 articles to be further reviewed. The outcome of this study indicates that a greater amount of fat stored in individual adipocytes in obesity induces the formation of reactive oxygen species and inflammation. This will lead to the generation of oxidative stress, which may cause morphological changes in the brain, suppress the endogenous antioxidant system, and promote neuroinflammation and, eventually, neuronal apoptosis. This will impair the normal function of the brain and specific regions that are involved in learning, as well as memory. This shows that obesity has a strong positive correlation with cognitive impairments. Hence, this review summarizes the mechanism of oxidative stress and inflammation that induce memory loss based on animal model evidence. In conclusion, this review may serve as an insight into therapeutic development focusing on oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways to manage an obesity-induced cognitive decline in the future.

Medicinal plants are used for various purposes, however, the presence of microorganisms in them is the main safety risk. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma irradiation on microbial contaminants and phytochemical constituents of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. The plant was irradiated using doses of 3, 6, 9, and 12 kGy and the microbial contamination was assessed using phenotypic and genotypic analyses. The qualitative screening using chemical tests was performed to identify the presence of important phytochemical constituents including alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpenes. Results showed that the total microbial counts in O. aristatus were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) following irradiations at 3- and 6 kGy. Pathogenic bacteria were not detected in O. aristatus after irradiation at 6 kGy while the phytochemical constituents were conserved. In conclusion, gamma irradiation has significantly reduced and eliminated microbial contaminants and preserved the phytochemical constituents of O. aristatus. This study highlights the use of a low and specific dose, 6 kGy that is effective to reduce and eliminate microbial contaminants in O. aristatus.

Vitex trifolia (V.trifolia) commonly known as chaste tree and has been proven to have important medicinal benefits in herbal medicine. The aim of this research was to determine the toxicity effect of V.trifolia ethanol extraction on zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio) at different concentrations. Toxicology tests were performed on Danio rerio embryos exposed to V.trifolia extraction at various concentrations from 0.24 to 1000 g/ml for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Observation was done on the survival rate, hatching rate, heartbeat rate, scoliosis rate, and melanin pigmentation formation. Data was analyzed using version 27 of the SPSS. Result shows that the V.trifolia has an LC50 value of 7.681 g/ml. At higher concentrations with the range between 62.5 to 1000 g/ml, no hatching was observed, whereas hatchability of Danio rerio embryos was observed at lower concentrations with the range between 0.244 to 31.25 g/ml. There was no scoliosis observed in any concentration of zebrafish larvae treated with V.trifolia extract. For the heartbeat of Danio rerio embryos, normal heartbeat was obtained at concentration of 0.24 to 31.25 ug/ml up to 96 post fertilization (hpf). However, at 62.5 ug/ml the embryo heartbeat only presence until 24 hpf, followed by zero heartbeat at 48 hpf onwards. Melanin pigmentation was detected at 48, 72, and 96 hpf. In conclusion, the V.trifolia ethanol extraction shows a mild toxicity effect at higher doses when tested on the zebrafish embryo.