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1. Integrating superconducting van der Waals materials on paper substrates

Author

Azpeitia, Jon (author), Frisenda, Riccardo (author), Lee, M. (author), Bouwmeester, D. (author), Zhang, Wenliang (author), Mompean, Federico (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Garcia-Hernandez, Mar (author), Castellanos-Gomez, Andres (author), Azpeitia, Jon (author), Frisenda, Riccardo (author), Lee, M. (author), Bouwmeester, D. (author), Zhang, Wenliang (author), Mompean, Federico (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Garcia-Hernandez, Mar (author), and Castellanos-Gomez, Andres (author)

Abstract

Paper has the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of electronic components. In fact, paper is 10 000 times cheaper than crystalline silicon, motivating the research to integrate electronic materials on paper substrates. Among the different electronic materials, van der Waals materials are attracting the interest of the scientific community working on paper-based electronics because of the combination of high electrical performance and mechanical flexibility. Up to now, different methods have been developed to pattern conducting, semiconducting and insulating van der Waals materials on paper but the integration of superconductors remains elusive. Here, the deposition of NbSe2, an illustrative van der Waals superconductor, on standard copy paper is demonstrated. The deposited NbSe2 films on paper display superconducting properties (e.g. observation of Meissner effect and resistance drop to zero-resistance state when cooled down below its critical temperature) similar to those of bulk NbSe2., QN/Steeneken Lab, QN/van der Zant Lab

Published
2021
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2. Integrating superconducting van der Waals materials on paper substrates

Author

Azpeitia, Jon (author), Frisenda, Riccardo (author), Lee, M. (author), Bouwmeester, D. (author), Zhang, Wenliang (author), Mompean, Federico (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Garcia-Hernandez, Mar (author), Castellanos-Gomez, Andres (author), Azpeitia, Jon (author), Frisenda, Riccardo (author), Lee, M. (author), Bouwmeester, D. (author), Zhang, Wenliang (author), Mompean, Federico (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Garcia-Hernandez, Mar (author), and Castellanos-Gomez, Andres (author)

Abstract

Paper has the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of electronic components. In fact, paper is 10 000 times cheaper than crystalline silicon, motivating the research to integrate electronic materials on paper substrates. Among the different electronic materials, van der Waals materials are attracting the interest of the scientific community working on paper-based electronics because of the combination of high electrical performance and mechanical flexibility. Up to now, different methods have been developed to pattern conducting, semiconducting and insulating van der Waals materials on paper but the integration of superconductors remains elusive. Here, the deposition of NbSe2, an illustrative van der Waals superconductor, on standard copy paper is demonstrated. The deposited NbSe2 films on paper display superconducting properties (e.g. observation of Meissner effect and resistance drop to zero-resistance state when cooled down below its critical temperature) similar to those of bulk NbSe2., QN/Steeneken Lab, QN/van der Zant Lab

Published
2021
Full Text
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3. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a hands-on approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to bottom up approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers top down techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers and modified Hummers methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aeroge, Funding Agencies|European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 [696656, 785219]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M M Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A, Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T, Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S, Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M, Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R, Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Ignacio Martínez, José, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P, Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K, Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B K, Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R, Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C, Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M M Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A, Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T, Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S, Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M, Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R, Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Ignacio Martínez, José, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P, Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K, Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B K, Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R, Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C, and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a hands-on approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to bottom up approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers top down techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers and modified Hummers methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aeroge, Funding Agencies|European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 [696656, 785219]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M M Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A, Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T, Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S, Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M, Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R, Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Ignacio Martínez, José, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P, Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K, Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B K, Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R, Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C, Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M M Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A, Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T, Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S, Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M, Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R, Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Ignacio Martínez, José, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P, Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K, Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B K, Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R, Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C, and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. INFRA-ICE: an ultra-high vacuum experimental station for laboratory astrochemistry

Author

Santoro, Gonzalo, Sobrado, Jesús. M., Tajuelo-Castilla, Guillermo, Accolla, Mario, Martínez, Lidia, Azpeitia, Jon, Lauwaet, Koen, Cernicharo, José, Ellis, Gary J., Martín-Gago, José Ángel, Santoro, Gonzalo, Sobrado, Jesús. M., Tajuelo-Castilla, Guillermo, Accolla, Mario, Martínez, Lidia, Azpeitia, Jon, Lauwaet, Koen, Cernicharo, José, Ellis, Gary J., and Martín-Gago, José Ángel

Abstract

Laboratory astrochemistry aims at simulating in the laboratory some of the chemical and physical processes that operate in different regions of the Universe. Amongst the diverse astrochemical problems that can be addressed in the laboratory, the evolution of cosmic dust grains in the different regions of the interstellar medium (ISM) and its role in the formation of new chemical species through catalytic processes present significant interest. In particular, in the dark clouds of the ISM dust grains are coated by icy mantles and it is thought that the ice-dust interaction plays a crucial role in the development of the chemical complexity observed in space. Here, we present a new ultra-high vacuum experimental station devoted to simulate the complex conditions of the coldest regions of the ISM. The INFRA-ICE machine can be operated as a standing alone setup or incorporated in a larger experimental station called Stardust, which is dedicated to simulate the formation of cosmic dust in evolved stars. As such, INFRA-ICE expands the capabilities of Stardust allowing the simulation of the complete journey of cosmic dust in space, from its formation in asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs) to its processing and interaction with icy mantles in molecular clouds. To demonstrate some of the capabilities of INFRA-ICE, we present selected results on the UV photochemistry of undecane (C$_{11}$H$_{24}$) at 14 K. Aliphatics are part of the carbonaceous cosmic dust and, recently, aliphatics and short n-alkanes have been detected in-situ in the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a hands-on approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to bottom up approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers top down techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers and modified Hummers methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aeroge, Funding Agencies|European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 [696656, 785219]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a hands-on approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to bottom up approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers top down techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers and modified Hummers methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aeroge, Funding Agencies|European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 [696656, 785219]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. INFRA-ICE: An ultra-high vacuum experimental station for laboratory astrochemistry

Author

European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Santoro, Gonzalo, Sobrado, Jesús Manuel, Tajuelo-Castilla, G., Accolla, Mario, Martínez-Orellana, Lidia, Azpeitia, Jon, Lauwaet, Koen, Cernicharo, José, Ellis, Gary James, Martín-Gago, José A., European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Santoro, Gonzalo, Sobrado, Jesús Manuel, Tajuelo-Castilla, G., Accolla, Mario, Martínez-Orellana, Lidia, Azpeitia, Jon, Lauwaet, Koen, Cernicharo, José, Ellis, Gary James, and Martín-Gago, José A.

Abstract

Laboratory astrochemistry aims at simulating, in the laboratory, some of the chemical and physical processes that operate in different regions of the universe. Amongst the diverse astrochemical problems that can be addressed in the laboratory, the evolution of cosmic dust grains in different regions of the interstellar medium (ISM) and its role in the formation of new chemical species through catalytic processes present significant interest. In particular, the dark clouds of the ISM dust grains are coated by icy mantles and it is thought that the ice–dust interaction plays a crucial role in the development of the chemical complexity observed in space. Here, we present a new ultra-high vacuum experimental station devoted to simulating the complex conditions of the coldest regions of the ISM. The INFRA-ICE machine can be operated as a standing alone setup or incorporated in a larger experimental station called Stardust, which is dedicated to simulate the formation of cosmic dust in evolved stars. As such, INFRA-ICE expands the capabilities of Stardust allowing the simulation of the complete journey of cosmic dust in space, from its formation in asymptotic giant branch stars to its processing and interaction with icy mantles in molecular clouds. To demonstrate some of the capabilities of INFRA-ICE, we present selected results on the ultraviolet photochemistry of undecane (C11H24) at 14 K. Aliphatics are part of the carbonaceous cosmic dust, and recently, aliphatics and short n-alkanes have been detected in situ in the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.

Published
2020

11. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepcion, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, Andre, Bianco, Alberto, Boggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Diez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garcia, Jorge M., Antonio Garrido, Jose, Gibertini, Marco, Goelzhaeuser, Armin, Gomez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca Lopez, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martin, Cristina, Martinez, Lidia, Angel Martin-Gago, Jose, Ignacio Martinez, Jose, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Alvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Mendez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Munoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teofilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samori, Paolo, Schue, Leonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositsa, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, Gholamreza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a hands-on approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to bottom up approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers top down techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers and modified Hummers methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aeroge, Funding Agencies|European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 [696656, 785219]

Published
2020
Full Text
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12. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M.M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M., Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter Uhd, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Martinez, Jose Ignacio, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B.K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G. Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M, Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M.M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H, Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M., Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter Uhd, Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Martinez, Jose Ignacio, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B.K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G. Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a ‘hands-on’ approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors’ experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to ‘bottom up’ approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers ‘top down’ techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers’ and modified Hummers’ methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro

Published
2020

13. Atomic-scale imaging interstellar carbon analogues of C-rich AGB stars: evidence for efficient linear alkane formation

Author

Merino-Mateo, Pablo, Martínez-Orellana, Lidia, Santoro, Gonzalo, Lauwaet, Koen, Accolla, Mario, Sabbah, Hassan, Sobrado, Jesús Manuel, Ruiz del Árbol, Nerea, Sánchez-Sanchez, C., Azpeitia, Jon, Martín Jiménez, Ángela, Otero, Roberto, Piantek, M., Serrate, D., Méndez, J., Joblin, Christine, Cernicharo, José, Martín-Gago, José A., Merino-Mateo, Pablo, Martínez-Orellana, Lidia, Santoro, Gonzalo, Lauwaet, Koen, Accolla, Mario, Sabbah, Hassan, Sobrado, Jesús Manuel, Ruiz del Árbol, Nerea, Sánchez-Sanchez, C., Azpeitia, Jon, Martín Jiménez, Ángela, Otero, Roberto, Piantek, M., Serrate, D., Méndez, J., Joblin, Christine, Cernicharo, José, and Martín-Gago, José A.

Published
2019

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