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1. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Clâ) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Clâ tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Clâ tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Clâ tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Clâ) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Clâ tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Clâ tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Clâ tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Clâ) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Clâ tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Clâ tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Clâ tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Clâ) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Clâ tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Clâ tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Clâ tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Clâ Lâ1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugère, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Clâ) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Clâ tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Clâ tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Clâ tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Clâ tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
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19. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
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20. Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community-level salt tolerance

Author: Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Derry, Alison M., Arnott, Shelley E., Fugere, Vincent, Symons, Celia C., Melles, Stephanie J., Beisner, Beatrix E., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hintz, William D., McClymont, Alexandra, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Moffett, Emma R., Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Derry, Alison M.
Abstract: The salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl-) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl- tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl- tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC(50)s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC(50)s for Cl- tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species-LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl- tolerance.
Published: 2023
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21. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
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22. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
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23. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
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24. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2023
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25. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization.

Author: Hintz, William D, Hintz, William D, Arnott, Shelley E, Symons, Celia C, Greco, Danielle A, McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M, Downing, Amy L, Gray, Derek K, Melles, Stephanie J, Relyea, Rick A, Rusak, James A, Searle, Catherine L, Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K, Beisner, Beatrix E, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T, Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L, Kirkwood, Andrea E, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S, Shurin, Jonathan B, Steiner, Christopher F, Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Hintz, William D, Hintz, William D, Arnott, Shelley E, Symons, Celia C, Greco, Danielle A, McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M, Downing, Amy L, Gray, Derek K, Melles, Stephanie J, Relyea, Rick A, Rusak, James A, Searle, Catherine L, Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K, Beisner, Beatrix E, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T, Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L, Kirkwood, Andrea E, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S, Shurin, Jonathan B, Steiner, Christopher F, Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization-indicated as elevated chloride (Cl-) concentration-will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl- thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl- thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl-/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl-/L) and throughout Europe where Cl- thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl- concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl- thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl- thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022

26. Freshwater salinisation : a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022
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27. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
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28. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl2) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl2 thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl2 thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl2/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl2/L) and throughout Europe where Cl2 thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl2 concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl2 thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl2 thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Freshwater salinisation : a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022
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30. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl2) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl2 thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl2 thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl2/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl2/L) and throughout Europe where Cl2 thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl2 concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl2 thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl2 thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hebert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugere, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Cordero, Pablo Urrutia, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl- L-1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization-indicated as elevated chloride (C-) concentration-will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl- thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl- thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl-/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl-/L) and throughout Europe where Cl- thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl- concentrations that caused a >= 50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl- thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl−) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl− thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl− thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl−/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl−/L) and throughout Europe where Cl− thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl− concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl− thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl− thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization., This article contains supporting information online at https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2115033119/-/DCSupplemental
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl−) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl− thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl− thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl−/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl−/L) and throughout Europe where Cl− thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl− concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl− thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl− thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization., This article contains supporting information online at https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2115033119/-/DCSupplemental
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization.

Author: Hintz, William D, Hintz, William D, Arnott, Shelley E, Symons, Celia C, Greco, Danielle A, McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M, Downing, Amy L, Gray, Derek K, Melles, Stephanie J, Relyea, Rick A, Rusak, James A, Searle, Catherine L, Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K, Beisner, Beatrix E, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T, Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L, Kirkwood, Andrea E, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S, Shurin, Jonathan B, Steiner, Christopher F, Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Hintz, William D, Hintz, William D, Arnott, Shelley E, Symons, Celia C, Greco, Danielle A, McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M, Downing, Amy L, Gray, Derek K, Melles, Stephanie J, Relyea, Rick A, Rusak, James A, Searle, Catherine L, Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K, Beisner, Beatrix E, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T, Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L, Kirkwood, Andrea E, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S, Shurin, Jonathan B, Steiner, Christopher F, Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization-indicated as elevated chloride (Cl-) concentration-will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl- thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl- thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl-/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl-/L) and throughout Europe where Cl- thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl- concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl- thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl- thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022

36. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Clâ Lâ1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Clâ Lâ1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Clâ Lâ1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Lake salinization drives consistent losses of zooplankton abundance and diversity across coordinated mesocosm experiments

Author: Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Beisner, Beatrix E., Hébert, Marie-Pier, Symons, Celia C., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Arnott, Shelley E., Derry, Alison M., Fugère, Vincent, Hintz, William D., Melles, Stephanie J., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Brentrup, Jennifer A., Downing, Amy L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn M., Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Gray, Derek K., Greco, Danielle, Hassal, Emily, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea, Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, McClymont, Alexandra, Proia, Lorenzo, Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Schuler, Matthew S., Searle, Catherine L., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Beisner, Beatrix E.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Clâ Lâ1. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our among-site comparisons indicate: (1) highly consistent decreases in abundance and taxon richness with salinity; (2) widespread chloride sensitivity across major taxonomic groups (Cladocera, Cyclopoida, and Calanoida); and (3) weaker loss of functional than taxonomic diversity. Overall, our study demonstrates that aggregate properties of zooplankton communities can be adversely affected at chloride concentrations relevant to anthropogenic salinization in lakes.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Freshwater salinisation : a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl−) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl− thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl− thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl−/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl−/L) and throughout Europe where Cl− thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl− concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl− thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl− thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization., This article contains supporting information online at https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2115033119/-/DCSupplemental
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl2) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl2 thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl2 thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl2/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl2/L) and throughout Europe where Cl2 thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl2 concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl2 thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl2 thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl2) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl2 thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl2 thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl2/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl2/L) and throughout Europe where Cl2 thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl2 concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl2 thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl2 thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Freshwater salinisation : a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl−) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl− thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl− thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl−/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl−/L) and throughout Europe where Cl− thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl− concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl− thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl− thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization., This article contains supporting information online at https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2115033119/-/DCSupplemental
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Freshwater salinisation : a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, Cunillera-Montcusi, David, Beklioglu, Meryem, Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Jeppesen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horvath, Zsofia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Freshwater salinisation: a research agenda for a saltier world

Author: European Commission, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, Cunillera-Montcusí, David, Beklioğlu, Meryem, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Jeppensen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horváth, Zsófia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejsgaard, Jeans C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, Matias, Miguel, European Commission, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, Cunillera-Montcusí, David, Beklioğlu, Meryem, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Jeppensen, Erik, Ptacnik, Robert, Amorim, Cihelio A., Arnott, Shelley E., Berger, Stella A., Brucet, Sandra, Dugan, Hilary A., Gerhard, Miriam, Horváth, Zsófia, Langenheder, Silke, Nejsgaard, Jeans C., Reinikainen, Marko, Striebel, Maren, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vad, Csaba F., Zadereev, Egor, and Matias, Miguel
Abstract: The widespread salinisation of freshwater ecosystems poses a major threat to the biodiversity, functioning, and services that they provide. Human activities promote freshwater salinisation through multiple drivers (e.g., agriculture, resource extraction, urbanisation) that are amplified by climate change. Due to its complexity, we are still far from fully understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of freshwater salinisation. Here, we assess current research gaps and present a research agenda to guide future studies. We identified different gaps in taxonomic groups, levels of biological organisation, and geographic regions. We suggest focusing on global- and landscape-scale processes, functional approaches, genetic and molecular levels, and ecoevolutionary dynamics as key future avenues to predict the consequences of freshwater salinisation for ecosystems and human societies.
Published: 2022

48. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Göbeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hébert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl−) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl− thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl− thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl−/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl−/L) and throughout Europe where Cl− thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl− concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl− thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl− thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization., This article contains supporting information online at https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2115033119/-/DCSupplemental
Published: 2022
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49. Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization

Author: Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Hintz, William D., Arnott, Shelley E., Symons, Celia C., Greco, Danielle A., McClymont, Alexandra, Brentrup, Jennifer A., Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel, Derry, Alison M., Downing, Amy L., Gray, Derek K., Melles, Stephanie J., Relyea, Rick A., Rusak, James A., Searle, Catherine L., Astorg, Louis, Baker, Henry K., Beisner, Beatrix E., Cottingham, Kathryn L., Ersoy, Zeynep, Espinosa, Carmen, Franceschini, Jaclyn, Giorgio, Angelina T., Gobeler, Norman, Hassal, Emily, Hebert, Marie-Pier, Huynh, Mercedes, Hylander, Samuel, Jonasen, Kacie L., Kirkwood, Andrea E., Langenheder, Silke, Langvall, Ola, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lind, Lovisa, Lundgren, Maria, Proia, Lorenzo, Schuler, Matthew S., Shurin, Jonathan B., Steiner, Christopher F., Striebel, Maren, Thibodeau, Simon, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Vendrell-Puigmitja, Lidia, and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
Abstract: Human-induced salinization caused by the use of road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change is a major threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear if freshwater ecosystems are protected from salinization by current water quality guidelines. Leveraging an experimental network of land-based and in-lake mesocosms across North America and Europe, we tested how salinization—indicated as elevated chloride (Cl2) concentration—will affect lake food webs and if two of the lowest Cl2 thresholds found globally are sufficient to protect these food webs. Our results indicated that salinization will cause substantial zooplankton mortality at the lowest Cl2 thresholds established in Canada (120 mg Cl2/L) and the United States (230 mg Cl2/L) and throughout Europe where Cl2 thresholds are generally higher. For instance, at 73% of our study sites, Cl2 concentrations that caused a ≥50% reduction in cladoceran abundance were at or below Cl2 thresholds in Canada, in the United States, and throughout Europe. Similar trends occurred for copepod and rotifer zooplankton. The loss of zooplankton triggered a cascading effect causing an increase in phytoplankton biomass at 47% of study sites. Such changes in lake food webs could alter nutrient cycling and water clarity and trigger declines in fish production. Current Cl2 thresholds across North America and Europe clearly do not adequately protect lake food webs. Water quality guidelines should be developed where they do not exist, and there is an urgent need to reassess existing guidelines to protect lake ecosystems from human-induced salinization.
Published: 2022
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50. Spatial, Environmental, and Biotic Determinants of Zooplankton Community Composition in Subarctic Lakes and Ponds in Wapusk National Park, Canada

Author: Symons, Celia C, Symons, Celia C, Pedruski, Michael T, Arnott, Shelley E, Sweetman, Jon N, Symons, Celia C, Symons, Celia C, Pedruski, Michael T, Arnott, Shelley E, and Sweetman, Jon N
Published: 2014

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