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In this all-digital era, the use of Android devices is no longer just a medium for communication, but on your smartphone device, there are already many applications circulating on the Play store developed by software companies and astronomers that are easy to use to assist you in determining. qibla direction. To fulfill the need for information on the Qibla direction of a place, you have to activate the technology on your smartphone that provides real-world Qibla direction information, namely by using the miqat application. This research is to find out the method of using the miqat application in determining the Qibla direction and knowing how the Qibla direction of the Sultan Mahmud Badarudin Jayo Wikramo mosque and Al-Islam Muhammad Cheng Ho Mosque is using the Miqat application. This research is classified as field research, namely research conducted by direct observation of the object studied in the field, aiming to determine the level of accuracy of the use of the miqat application in determining the Qibla direction. The use of the Miqat application in determining the Qibla direction is a method that is very easy to use wherever you are, but before using the application, it is better if you first calibrate the magnetic compass on your smartphone by shaking the phone so that the needle on the compass is stable. The accuracy of the Qibla direction of the Sultan Mahmud Badarudin Jayo Wikramo Mosque and the Al-Islam Muhammad Cheng Ho Mosque with the Miqat application, that in terms of whether or not this application is accurate, in principle, depends on usage. If used in places that contain metal it will make the magnetic sensor on the compass inaccurate which results in degree deviations on the compass being affected by the magnetic field and the metal around it which will result in a larger deviation of degrees on the compass, this application should be used outside the building because in principle, the compass on the cellular relies on magnetic sensors and GPS

In this all-digital era, the use of Android devices is no longer just a medium for communication, but on your smartphone device, there are already many applications circulating on the Play store developed by software companies and astronomers that are easy to use to assist you in determining. qibla direction. To fulfill the need for information on the Qibla direction of a place, you have to activate the technology on your smartphone that provides real-world Qibla direction information, namely by using the miqat application. This research is to find out the method of using the miqat application in determining the Qibla direction and knowing how the Qibla direction of the Sultan Mahmud Badarudin Jayo Wikramo mosque and Al-Islam Muhammad Cheng Ho Mosque is using the Miqat application. This research is classified as field research, namely research conducted by direct observation of the object studied in the field, aiming to determine the level of accuracy of the use of the miqat application in determining the Qibla direction. The use of the Miqat application in determining the Qibla direction is a method that is very easy to use wherever you are, but before using the application, it is better if you first calibrate the magnetic compass on your smartphone by shaking the phone so that the needle on the compass is stable. The accuracy of the Qibla direction of the Sultan Mahmud Badarudin Jayo Wikramo Mosque and the Al-Islam Muhammad Cheng Ho Mosque with the Miqat application, that in terms of whether or not this application is accurate, in principle, depends on usage. If used in places that contain metal it will make the magnetic sensor on the compass inaccurate which results in degree deviations on the compass being affected by the magnetic field and the metal around it which will result in a larger deviation of degrees on the compass, this application should be used outside the building because in principle, the compass on the cellular relies on magnetic sensors and GPS

This paper presents an elegant yet straightforward design procedure for a compact rat-race coupler (RRC) with an extended harmonic suppression. The coupler's conventional \lambda /4 transmission lines (TLs) are replaced by a specialized TL that offers significant size reduction and harmonic elimination capabilities in the proposed approach. The design procedure is verified through the theoretical, circuit, and electromagnetic (EM) analyses, showing excellent agreement among different analyses and the measured results. The circuit and EM results show that the proposed TL replicates the same frequency behaviour of the conventional one at the design frequency of 1.8 GHz while enables harmonic suppression up to the 7 {\mathrm {th}} harmonic and a size reduction of 74%. According to the measured results, the RRC has a fractional bandwidth of 20%, with input insertion losses of around 0.2 dB and isolation level better than 35 dB. Furthermore, the total footprint of the proposed RRC is only 31.7 mm \times15.9 mm, corresponding to 0.28\,\,\lambda \times 0.14\,\,\lambda , where \lambda is the guided wavelength at 1.8 GHz.

Lafora disease (LD) and adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) are glycogen storage diseases characterized by a pathogenic buildup of insoluble glycogen. Mechanisms causing glycogen insolubility are poorly understood. Here, in two mouse models of LD (Epm2a(-/-) and Epm2b(-/-)) and one of APBD (Gbe1(ys/ys)), the separation of soluble and insoluble muscle glycogen is described, enabling separate analysis of each fraction. Total glycogen is increased in LD and APBD mice, which, together with abnormal chain length and molecule size distributions, is largely if not fully attributed to insoluble glycogen. Soluble glycogen consists of molecules with distinct chain length distributions and differential corresponding solubility, providing a mechanistic link between soluble and insoluble glycogen in vivo. Phosphorylation states differ across glycogen fractions and mouse models, demonstrating that hyperphosphorylation is not a basic feature of insoluble glycogen. Lastly, model-specific variances in protein and activity levels of key glycogen synthesis enzymes suggest uninvestigated regulatory mechanisms., QC 20190520

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017., This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections., Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis., Includes bibliographical references (page 90)., StarLogo Nova is a block-based programming environment that allows users to create 3D simulations and games. Typical user tasks include creating new projects and galleries, organizing projects into galleries, updating gallery settings, viewing and editing projects, and updating user account settings. This thesis uses usability heuristics to analyzes the ability of StarLogo Nova Users to save and organize their work. The usability problems of various pages of StarLogo Nova are identified, and the implemented solutions are explained. A new system design for project saving is introduced. The new system uses Edits and enables users to undo and redo project changes. The design decisions, implementation challenges and future work for Edits are discussed., by Ami Suzuki., M. Eng.

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017., This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections., Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis., Includes bibliographical references (page 90)., StarLogo Nova is a block-based programming environment that allows users to create 3D simulations and games. Typical user tasks include creating new projects and galleries, organizing projects into galleries, updating gallery settings, viewing and editing projects, and updating user account settings. This thesis uses usability heuristics to analyzes the ability of StarLogo Nova Users to save and organize their work. The usability problems of various pages of StarLogo Nova are identified, and the implemented solutions are explained. A new system design for project saving is introduced. The new system uses Edits and enables users to undo and redo project changes. The design decisions, implementation challenges and future work for Edits are discussed., by Ami Suzuki., M. Eng.

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017., This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections., Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis., Includes bibliographical references (page 90)., StarLogo Nova is a block-based programming environment that allows users to create 3D simulations and games. Typical user tasks include creating new projects and galleries, organizing projects into galleries, updating gallery settings, viewing and editing projects, and updating user account settings. This thesis uses usability heuristics to analyzes the ability of StarLogo Nova Users to save and organize their work. The usability problems of various pages of StarLogo Nova are identified, and the implemented solutions are explained. A new system design for project saving is introduced. The new system uses Edits and enables users to undo and redo project changes. The design decisions, implementation challenges and future work for Edits are discussed., by Ami Suzuki., M. Eng.

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013., Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Thesis pagination reflects the way it was delivered to the Institute Archives and Special Collections, MIT., Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73)., In this thesis, we analyze the effect of the correlations in neural activity on the information that is encoded in and can be decoded from a population of neurons. Various noise models describing these correlations are considered - in particular, we use models that take into account the pairwise correlations and other, simpler models that assume shared global additive and/or multiplicative noise factors. The performance of these models on firing rate prediction (encoding) and population decoding are studied. Our analyses show a significant beneficial effect of pairwise correlations on encoding models, with much of this benefit being explained by the global noise models. However, the effects of correlations on decoding vary among our datasets, providing an empirical justification to the theoretical results suggesting correlations can be either helpful or harmful to decoding., by Ami Patel., M. Eng.

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013., Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Thesis pagination reflects the way it was delivered to the Institute Archives and Special Collections, MIT., Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73)., In this thesis, we analyze the effect of the correlations in neural activity on the information that is encoded in and can be decoded from a population of neurons. Various noise models describing these correlations are considered - in particular, we use models that take into account the pairwise correlations and other, simpler models that assume shared global additive and/or multiplicative noise factors. The performance of these models on firing rate prediction (encoding) and population decoding are studied. Our analyses show a significant beneficial effect of pairwise correlations on encoding models, with much of this benefit being explained by the global noise models. However, the effects of correlations on decoding vary among our datasets, providing an empirical justification to the theoretical results suggesting correlations can be either helpful or harmful to decoding., by Ami Patel., M. Eng.

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013., Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Thesis pagination reflects the way it was delivered to the Institute Archives and Special Collections, MIT., Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73)., In this thesis, we analyze the effect of the correlations in neural activity on the information that is encoded in and can be decoded from a population of neurons. Various noise models describing these correlations are considered - in particular, we use models that take into account the pairwise correlations and other, simpler models that assume shared global additive and/or multiplicative noise factors. The performance of these models on firing rate prediction (encoding) and population decoding are studied. Our analyses show a significant beneficial effect of pairwise correlations on encoding models, with much of this benefit being explained by the global noise models. However, the effects of correlations on decoding vary among our datasets, providing an empirical justification to the theoretical results suggesting correlations can be either helpful or harmful to decoding., by Ami Patel., M. Eng.

Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal progressive epilepsy essentially caused by loss-of-function mutations in the glycogen phosphatase laforin or the ubiquitin E3 ligase malin. Glycogen in LD is hyperphosphorylated and poorly hydrosoluble. It precipitates and accumulates into neurotoxic Lafora bodies (LBs). The leading LD hypothesis that hyperphosphorylation causes the insolubility was recently challenged by the observation that phosphatase-inactive laforin rescues the laforin-deficient LD mouse model, apparently through correction of a general autophagy impairment. We were for the first time able to quantify brain glycogen phosphate. We also measured glycogen content and chain lengths, LBs, and autophagy markers in several laforin- or malin-deficient mouse lines expressing phosphatase-inactive laforin. We find that: (i) in laforindeficient mice, phosphatase-inactive laforin corrects glycogen chain lengths, and not hyperphosphorylation, which leads to correction of glycogen amounts and prevention of LBs; (ii) in malin-deficient mice, phosphatase-inactive laforin confers no correction; (iii) general impairment of autophagy is not necessary in LD. We conclude that laforin’s principle function is to control glycogen chain lengths, in a malin-dependent fashion, and that loss of this control underlies LD.

Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2014., Cataloged from PDF version of thesis., Includes bibliographical references (page 28)., YouTube was founded in 2005 as a video-sharing website. Today, it's a powerhouse social media platform where users can upload, view, comment, and share content. For many, it's the first site visited when looking for songs, music videos, TV shows, or just general entertainment. Along with the sharing potential provided by social media like Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, and more, YouTube videos have the potential to spread like wildfire. A term that has been coined to describe such videos is "viral videos." This comes from the scientific definition of viral, which involves the contagious nature of the spread of a virus. Virality on the Internet is not a new concept. Back when email was the hottest new technology, chain e-mails spreading hoaxes and scams were widely shared by emailing back and forth. As the Internet aged, however, new forms of virality have evolved. This thesis looks at a series of 20 viral videos as case studies and analyzes their growth over time via the Lifecycle Theory. By analyzing viral videos in this manner, it aids in a deeper understanding of the human consciousness's affinity for content, the sociology of online sharing, and the context of today's media culture. This thesis proposes that the phenomenon of virality supports the claim of Internet as heterotopia., by Ami M. Wang., S.B.

Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2014., Cataloged from PDF version of thesis., Includes bibliographical references (page 28)., YouTube was founded in 2005 as a video-sharing website. Today, it's a powerhouse social media platform where users can upload, view, comment, and share content. For many, it's the first site visited when looking for songs, music videos, TV shows, or just general entertainment. Along with the sharing potential provided by social media like Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, and more, YouTube videos have the potential to spread like wildfire. A term that has been coined to describe such videos is "viral videos." This comes from the scientific definition of viral, which involves the contagious nature of the spread of a virus. Virality on the Internet is not a new concept. Back when email was the hottest new technology, chain e-mails spreading hoaxes and scams were widely shared by emailing back and forth. As the Internet aged, however, new forms of virality have evolved. This thesis looks at a series of 20 viral videos as case studies and analyzes their growth over time via the Lifecycle Theory. By analyzing viral videos in this manner, it aids in a deeper understanding of the human consciousness's affinity for content, the sociology of online sharing, and the context of today's media culture. This thesis proposes that the phenomenon of virality supports the claim of Internet as heterotopia., by Ami M. Wang., S.B.

Grounded in group conflict theory and the defended neighborhoods thesis, this nationwide empirical study of cities and their residential segregation levels, examines the occurrence of hate crime using data on for all U.S. cities with populations over 95,000, and data compiled from the Uniform Crime Report for hate crime, in conjunction with 2000 census data. Hate crime is any illegal act motivated by pre-formed bias against, in this case, a person’s real or perceived race. This research asks: Do hate crime levels predict white/black segregation levels? How does hate crime predict different measures of white/black segregation? I use the dissimilarity index measure of segregation operationalized as a continuous, binary and ordinal variable, to explore whether hate crime predicts segregation of blacks from whites. In cities with higher rates of hate crime there was higher dissimilarity between whites and blacks, controlling for other factors. The segregation level was more likely to be “high” in a city where hate crime occurred. Blacks are continually multiply disadvantaged and distinctly affected by hate crime and residential segregation. Prior studies of residential segregation have focused almost exclusively on individual choice, residents’ lack of finances, or discriminatory actions that prevent racial minorities from moving, to explore the correlates of segregation. Notably absent from these studies are measures reflecting the level of hate crime occurring in cities. This study demonstrates the importance of considering hate crime and neighborhood conflict when contemplating the causes of residential segregation.

Grounded in group conflict theory and the defended neighborhoods thesis, this nationwide empirical study of cities and their residential segregation levels, examines the occurrence of hate crime using data on for all U.S. cities with populations over 95,000, and data compiled from the Uniform Crime Report for hate crime, in conjunction with 2000 census data. Hate crime is any illegal act motivated by pre-formed bias against, in this case, a person’s real or perceived race. This research asks: Do hate crime levels predict white/black segregation levels? How does hate crime predict different measures of white/black segregation? I use the dissimilarity index measure of segregation operationalized as a continuous, binary and ordinal variable, to explore whether hate crime predicts segregation of blacks from whites. In cities with higher rates of hate crime there was higher dissimilarity between whites and blacks, controlling for other factors. The segregation level was more likely to be “high” in a city where hate crime occurred. Blacks are continually multiply disadvantaged and distinctly affected by hate crime and residential segregation. Prior studies of residential segregation have focused almost exclusively on individual choice, residents’ lack of finances, or discriminatory actions that prevent racial minorities from moving, to explore the correlates of segregation. Notably absent from these studies are measures reflecting the level of hate crime occurring in cities. This study demonstrates the importance of considering hate crime and neighborhood conflict when contemplating the causes of residential segregation.

Grounded in group conflict theory and the defended neighborhoods thesis, this nationwide empirical study of cities and their residential segregation levels, examines the occurrence of hate crime using data on for all U.S. cities with populations over 95,000, and data compiled from the Uniform Crime Report for hate crime, in conjunction with 2000 census data. Hate crime is any illegal act motivated by pre-formed bias against, in this case, a person’s real or perceived race. This research asks: Do hate crime levels predict white/black segregation levels? How does hate crime predict different measures of white/black segregation? I use the dissimilarity index measure of segregation operationalized as a continuous, binary and ordinal variable, to explore whether hate crime predicts segregation of blacks from whites. In cities with higher rates of hate crime there was higher dissimilarity between whites and blacks, controlling for other factors. The segregation level was more likely to be “high” in a city where hate crime occurred. Blacks are continually multiply disadvantaged and distinctly affected by hate crime and residential segregation. Prior studies of residential segregation have focused almost exclusively on individual choice, residents’ lack of finances, or discriminatory actions that prevent racial minorities from moving, to explore the correlates of segregation. Notably absent from these studies are measures reflecting the level of hate crime occurring in cities. This study demonstrates the importance of considering hate crime and neighborhood conflict when contemplating the causes of residential segregation.

Illinois is home to the sixth largest Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) population nationwide. AAPIs suffer higher incidence, morbidity, and mortality rates from certain cancers, infectious, and chronic diseases. Despite the exponential growth of the AAPI population, few state-level data sources exist that provide detailed and accurate information regarding AAPI health disparities and needs. Efforts to improve health care for this population will require improved data collection and funding for research on AAPI ethnic groups.