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1958 Brüksel Dünya Fuarı’ndaki Philips Pavyonu, Le Corbusier ile Iannis Xenakis’in ortak tasarımı. Bir mimar ile mimar-bestecinin işi olan yapı, mimari tasarım bağlamında bir çağ açacak kadar önemli bir iş. Hiperbolik paraboloidleri kullanan strüktürüyle ilklerden biri. Mimarlıkla müzik ve sinemayı bütünleştirişi açısındansa devrimsel bir önemi var. Aktan Acar, fuarın ardından yıktırılsa da üzerinde düşünmeye hala davetiye çıkaran bu başyapıtı inceliyor.

[No Abstract Available]

The relation of architecture and technology has always been a necessity and dependent on each other. The advancements in technology and understanding of both fields made this relation inseparable. Technology has always shaped the design parameters in history and continues to with increasing effect. Architectural education should embrace such a relation to adapt to the changes. The first-year basic design studio at TOBB ETU, considers that ways of thinking and producing together with technology should be a part of architectural design education. This paper is motivated by and the coupling of technology and architecture at the firstyear basic design studio. In this respect, the content of the course challenges the students to question the relationship between technology and design, space, and technology. In this context, the collective working within the scope of assignments is accentuated during the course. The “BORDERLINE” installation is a work created in this context in 2017 with the participation of all basic design studio students that is shaped during the semester by students' discussions, interactive work, and exchange of ideas in the studio. The core of the work was that the students aimed to demonstrate changing boundaries of space by using technology. To this end, the spaces are designed to physically change with human interaction by using Arduino programmable boards, sensors, and DC motors. Six 1x2 m modules consisting of 8x0.15 m fabric strips are assembled. The length of the fabric strips changes by Arduino boards and DC motors according to feedback from the sensors. Borderline is not only a spatial installation but also a study on the impact of technology on space and the results of interdisciplinary education. Borderline, as an interdisciplinary work, aimed to couple the methods of different disciplines. At a time when technology shapes design parameters, Borderline was designed and realized by thinking about architecture together with technology. Firs

In building production, architects, civil engineers, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers work together to produce a common denominator. While the activities in the field of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction can be discussed within themselves, the "Building" is located at the intersection of these disciplines. Discipline-specific models and methods are not enough to explain and manage this intersection area. Nowadays we have to produce within intersection areas. This has made it a priority for different disciplines to come together. "Transdisciplinary approach" handles a problem that concerns more than one area by focusing on the problem and taking the process within a whole system without fixed boundaries between disciplines. The way different disciplines come together requires new ways of production and problem-solving tools. These new productions and tools are problem-specific without boundaries and non-use for other problems. This approach means that experts from different disciplines make innovative, transdisciplinary productions at the center of the problem. It is suggested that BIM (Building Information Modelling), which forms a basis for bringing the productions together from different disciplines, is a transdisciplinary form of cooperation and production. BIM is a process that enables coordination, communication, and cooperation of all actors from idea to demolition. It enables the creation of a shared data model. These models can also contain information related to the build's life cycle and its expected maintenance requirements. (3D) Modeling programs are Autodesk Revit, Graphisoft ArchiCAD, Rhino- Grasshopper, etc. Information such as time planning (4D), cost estimates (5D), sustainability (6D), management (7D) brings additional dimensions to BIM models. The data models are fixed and limited. The digital platform of BIM is limited with the application of semantic and geometric information. BIM, however, is not limited to the digital envir

[No Abstract Available]

[No Abstract Available]

[No Abstract Available]

The presented study introduces an interdisciplinary and inter-scale collaborative research project of the Department of Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering and the Department of Architecture. The main objective of the project is to investigate appropriate methods of developing polymer capsules made of upcycled waste plastics for plant seeds, which are to place in permeable/porous concrete mixture. Furthermore, we plan to modify recycled plastic to make it biodegradable. Porous concrete is a special type of concrete with a high permeability rate due to its material composition. It is composed of narrowly-graded course aggregate, cement or cementitious materials, and water. It does not include sand. Therefore, it is able to transmit water and air because of its inner voids, 15-35% compared to conventional concrete. The voids are considered for seed capsules. The teams of Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering and Architecture discussed and elaborated on the issues and problems of developing waste plastic upcycling for biodegradable seed capsules in porous concrete. The recycling of waste plastic, thermal conditions of porous concrete during curing, uniformity, controllability, versatility, mass-productivity, high efficiency, and reproductivity of polymer encapsulation methods for properly scaled dimensions have been considered. The process has been formulated but could not have been tested due to the pandemic. It is planned to carry out the project in early 2022. It is our utmost concern to initiate projective and experimental research for innovate technological advancement and know-how to introduce, develop and settle new, smart, resilient, and sustainable human-nature ecosystems and biodiversity by means of creative dialogue/collaboration among various disciplines and professions.

1958 Brüksel Dünya Fuarı’ndaki Philips Pavyonu, Le Corbusier ile Iannis Xenakis’in ortak tasarımı. Bir mimar ile mimar-bestecinin işi olan yapı, mimari tasarım bağlamında bir çağ açacak kadar önemli bir iş. Hiperbolik paraboloidleri kullanan strüktürüyle ilklerden biri. Mimarlıkla müzik ve sinemayı bütünleştirişi açısındansa devrimsel bir önemi var. Aktan Acar, fuarın ardından yıktırılsa da üzerinde düşünmeye hala davetiye çıkaran bu başyapıtı inceliyor.

In building production, architects, civil engineers, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers work together to produce a common denominator. While the activities in the field of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction can be discussed within themselves, the "Building" is located at the intersection of these disciplines. Discipline-specific models and methods are not enough to explain and manage this intersection area. Nowadays we have to produce within intersection areas. This has made it a priority for different disciplines to come together. "Transdisciplinary approach" handles a problem that concerns more than one area by focusing on the problem and taking the process within a whole system without fixed boundaries between disciplines. The way different disciplines come together requires new ways of production and problem-solving tools. These new productions and tools are problem-specific without boundaries and non-use for other problems. This approach means that experts from different disciplines make innovative, transdisciplinary productions at the center of the problem. It is suggested that BIM (Building Information Modelling), which forms a basis for bringing the productions together from different disciplines, is a transdisciplinary form of cooperation and production. BIM is a process that enables coordination, communication, and cooperation of all actors from idea to demolition. It enables the creation of a shared data model. These models can also contain information related to the build's life cycle and its expected maintenance requirements. (3D) Modeling programs are Autodesk Revit, Graphisoft ArchiCAD, Rhino- Grasshopper, etc. Information such as time planning (4D), cost estimates (5D), sustainability (6D), management (7D) brings additional dimensions to BIM models. The data models are fixed and limited. The digital platform of BIM is limited with the application of semantic and geometric information. BIM, however, is not limited to the digital envir

The relation of architecture and technology has always been a necessity and dependent on each other. The advancements in technology and understanding of both fields made this relation inseparable. Technology has always shaped the design parameters in history and continues to with increasing effect. Architectural education should embrace such a relation to adapt to the changes. The first-year basic design studio at TOBB ETU, considers that ways of thinking and producing together with technology should be a part of architectural design education. This paper is motivated by and the coupling of technology and architecture at the firstyear basic design studio. In this respect, the content of the course challenges the students to question the relationship between technology and design, space, and technology. In this context, the collective working within the scope of assignments is accentuated during the course. The “BORDERLINE” installation is a work created in this context in 2017 with the participation of all basic design studio students that is shaped during the semester by students' discussions, interactive work, and exchange of ideas in the studio. The core of the work was that the students aimed to demonstrate changing boundaries of space by using technology. To this end, the spaces are designed to physically change with human interaction by using Arduino programmable boards, sensors, and DC motors. Six 1x2 m modules consisting of 8x0.15 m fabric strips are assembled. The length of the fabric strips changes by Arduino boards and DC motors according to feedback from the sensors. Borderline is not only a spatial installation but also a study on the impact of technology on space and the results of interdisciplinary education. Borderline, as an interdisciplinary work, aimed to couple the methods of different disciplines. At a time when technology shapes design parameters, Borderline was designed and realized by thinking about architecture together with technology. Firs

The presented study introduces an interdisciplinary and inter-scale collaborative research project of the Department of Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering and the Department of Architecture. The main objective of the project is to investigate appropriate methods of developing polymer capsules made of upcycled waste plastics for plant seeds, which are to place in permeable/porous concrete mixture. Furthermore, we plan to modify recycled plastic to make it biodegradable. Porous concrete is a special type of concrete with a high permeability rate due to its material composition. It is composed of narrowly-graded course aggregate, cement or cementitious materials, and water. It does not include sand. Therefore, it is able to transmit water and air because of its inner voids, 15-35% compared to conventional concrete. The voids are considered for seed capsules. The teams of Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering and Architecture discussed and elaborated on the issues and problems of developing waste plastic upcycling for biodegradable seed capsules in porous concrete. The recycling of waste plastic, thermal conditions of porous concrete during curing, uniformity, controllability, versatility, mass-productivity, high efficiency, and reproductivity of polymer encapsulation methods for properly scaled dimensions have been considered. The process has been formulated but could not have been tested due to the pandemic. It is planned to carry out the project in early 2022. It is our utmost concern to initiate projective and experimental research for innovate technological advancement and know-how to introduce, develop and settle new, smart, resilient, and sustainable human-nature ecosystems and biodiversity by means of creative dialogue/collaboration among various disciplines and professions.

Bu araştırma, mimarlığın estetik deneyimi ile işlevsel yönünün birbirini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışma, estetik deneyimin ortaya çıkışının mimarlığın işlevsel yönü ile olan ilişkisini ve mimari bir işlev olma potansiyeli üzerine felsefi bir inceleme sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İnsanlığın çevresi ile mimarlığın işlevsel yönü üzerinden etkileşime girebileceğini iddia etmek mümkündür. Kullanıcılar ve mimari mekanlar arasındaki ilişkinin, mimarinin kullanıcılara gerekli ve arzulanan eylemleri gerçekleştirmeleri için sağladığı fiziksel koşullardan yararlanmanın ötesine geçebileceği tartışılmaktadır. Mimari mekanın kullanıcılarına duyumsal bir etkisi olması belirli deneyimlerin varlığını desteklemektedir. Felsefe bu olguları kendi dallarından biri olan fenomenoloji ile tartışır. Aynı zamanda psikoloji de bunları algısal ve bilişsel süreçler ile inceler. Kullanıcı-mimarlık ilişkisi ve bunun düşüncesel ve psikolojik karşılıkları, bir estetik deneyim olgusu olarak ele alınabilir. Dolayısıyla, mimari mekanların nicel özelliklerinin ölçülemez nitelikler kazandığı noktada, insan-mekan ilişkisi bir iletişim, tanıma ve bilme biçimi olarak estetik disiplin alanına taşınabilir. Estetik disiplininin genel olarak odak noktası, estetik özne ile estetik nesne arasındaki etkileşimin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan deneyim ve beğeni yargısının incelenmesi olmuştur. Mimarlıkta, estetik "özne" kullanıcıya, estetik "nesne" mimarlığın tanımladığı mekana ve forma karşılık geldiğini söylemek mümkündür. Kullanıcı ve mekan arasındaki estetik ilişkiyi mimarinin işlevsel yönü üzerinden inceleyebilmek için uygun olma kavramı irdelenmiştir. Bu kavram, kullanım amacına uygun olarak yapılandan potansiyel bir estetik değerin ortaya çıkışını tartışır. Bu anlayış Antik Çağ filozoflarından gelmektedir, ancak mimarlık tarihi boyunca mimarların uygulamalarında uygun olma kavramı üzerinde durduklarını görmek de mümkündür. Bu düşünceyi mimarlıkta biçim-işlev ilişkisi ve kullanıcı-işl, This research investigates the potential influence of the aesthetic experience and the functional aspect of architecture on each other. Accordingly, this study aims to present a philosophical investigation of the emergence of aesthetic experience in relation to the functional aspect of architecture as well as its potential of being an architectural function. It is possible to claim that humanity can interact with its environment through the functional aspect of architecture. There are discussions that the relationship between users and architectural spaces can go beyond benefiting from the necessary physical conditions that architecture provides for its users to execute their required and desired actions. An architectural space having a sensuous impact on its users supports the existence of certain experiences. Philosophy discusses such phenomena with phenomenological thinking as one of its branches and psychology studies them with perceptual and cognitive science. The user-architecture relationship and its intellectual and psychological causes can be considered as a case of aesthetic experiences. Therefore, at the point where quantitative properties of architectural spaces achieve non-measurable qualities, the user-architecture connection can be moved to the field of aesthetics discipline as a form of communication, recognition, and a way of knowing. The overall focus of the discipline of aesthetics has been the study of the experience and the judgment of taste that occurs as a result of the interaction between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. It is possible to claim that, in architecture, the aesthetic subject resembles the user and the aesthetic "object" corresponds to the space that architecture defines and its overall form. To be able to investigate the aesthetic relationship between the user and space through the functional aspect of architecture, the concept of appropriateness is explored. This concept argues for the emergence of an aesthetic q

Konut gibi ihtiyaca dayalı yapılar, kentteki yapı yoğunluğunun büyük bir kısmını oluşturur. Bu yoğunluk nedeniyle konut yapıları kentin estetiğini ve morfolojisini belirlemektedir. Türkiye'de konut yapıları arasında benzeşme gözlemlemek mümkündür. Bu durumun nedenleri konut üretim süreci incelenerek anlaşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, konut tasarım ve üretim sürecini etkileyen faktörler hukuki, ekonomik, kültürel, teknolojik ve sektörel bağlamda incelenmekte. Markasız konut yapıları arasındaki tek tipleşme eğilimini oluşturan kısıtlar anlaşılmaya çalışılmaktadır., Need-based structures such as housing constitute a large part of the building density in the urban area. Residential buildings determine the aesthetics and morphology of a city due to their high density. It is possible to observe resemblance among residential buildings in Turkey. The reasons of similitude could be understood by analysing the housing procurement process. In this study, the factors affecting the unbranded housing design and production process are examined in legal, economic, cultural, technological, and sectorial context in order to understand the constraints that create the tendency towards uniformity among unbranded residential buildings.

Throughout the ages, the cumulative production of knowledge has driven civilization forward. The knowledge fabrication process is extracting and analyzing meaning from unstructured information heaps and the knowledge of architecture is not an exception to this. Accordingly, the organization of this information is one of the most vital elements for developing disciplines. Human collects and juxtaposes information within its capacity and limitations, which may inadvertently lead to biased and bounded conclusions. Therefore, no matter how detailed and extensive the content of architecture is, the fabricated knowledge will be within the boundaries of the researcher's knowledge, interest, and capacity. There is a complex body of data for the architecture discipline spread over many fields and fed from various disciplines, events, and approaches. It can be claimed that each piece of information that dwells in architecture is relationally intertwined with each other creating a network. This study aims to try a new relational information organization method for architecture that might lead to new theoretical expansions by making complex and undiscovered relational analyzes readable and manageable for researchers' perceptions. Obsidian.md was deemed appropriate for this study, which is a hypertext-based networked content tool that produces layered, relational, and expandable networks between semantic data pieces. With a potential auxiliary tool to embody and simulate the network of relationships for architectural knowledge, it is aimed to manage the chaotic information into meaningful and readable expertise to the human and reveal uncharted associations for researchers. Due to the sheer volume of data and the need for a systematic, consistent, and rapidly established structure, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for such a tool has emerged. For this reason, the artificial intelligence field NLP (Natural Language Processing), which is used for semantic data organiz, Çağlar boyunca kümülatif bilgi üretimi medeniyeti ileriye taşımıştır. Bilgi fabrikasyon süreci, yapılandırılmamış veri yığınlarından anlam çıkarmak ve analiz geliştirmek olarak özetlenebilir. Bu bilgilerin düzenlenmesi disiplinlerin geliştirilmesi için en hayati unsurlardan biridir. İnsan, kapasitesi ve sınırları dahilinde bilgi toplar ve yan yana getirir. Bu durum, istemsiz şekilde taraflı ve sınırlı sonuçlara yol açabilir. Aynı şekilde mimarlığın içeriği de ne kadar ayrıntılı ve kapsamlı olursa olsun, üretilen bilgi araştırmacının ilgisi, bilgisi ve kapasitesinin sınırları içinde olacaktır. Mimarlığın birçok alana yayılmış ve çeşitli disiplinlerden, olaylardan ve yaklaşımlardan beslenen karmaşık bir veri yapısı vardır. Buna göre, mimaride yer alan her bilgi parçasının ilişkisel olarak iç içe geçerek bir ağ oluşturduğu iddia edilebilir. Bu çalışma, mimarlık alanı için yeni bir ilişkisel bilgi düzenleme yöntemini denemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu sayede, karmaşık ve keşfedilmemiş ilişkisel analizleri araştırmacıların algıları için okunabilir ve yönetilebilir hale getirerek yeni teorik açılımlara imkân tanınacaktır. Obsidian.md bu çalışma için uygun görülmüştür. Bu program anlamsal veri parçaları arasında katmanlı, ilişkisel ve genişletilebilir ağlar üreten hipermetin tabanlı bir içerik örgütleme aracıdır. Mimari bilgi için bu ilişkiler ağını somutlaştıracak ve simüle edecek yardımcı bir araçla, kaotik bilgiyi insan için anlamlı ve okunabilir bir hale getirmek ve araştırmacılar için keşfedilmemiş çağrışımları ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Veri hacminin büyüklüğü ve sistematik, tutarlı ve hızlı bir yapıya duyulan ihtiyaç nedeniyle yapay zekâ algoritmalarının kullanımı gündeme gelmiştir. Bu nedenle semantik veri organizasyonu için kullanılan yapay zekâ alanı DDİ (Doğal Dil İşleme) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Tezin kapsamı iki temayı kapsamaktadır: mimari bilgi organizasyonu için bir yardımcı araç olarak NLP ve ilişkisel içerik yönetim aracının sunumu; bu NLP destekli içer

Bu araştırma, mimarlığın estetik deneyimi ile işlevsel yönünün birbirini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışma, estetik deneyimin ortaya çıkışının mimarlığın işlevsel yönü ile olan ilişkisini ve mimari bir işlev olma potansiyeli üzerine felsefi bir inceleme sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İnsanlığın çevresi ile mimarlığın işlevsel yönü üzerinden etkileşime girebileceğini iddia etmek mümkündür. Kullanıcılar ve mimari mekanlar arasındaki ilişkinin, mimarinin kullanıcılara gerekli ve arzulanan eylemleri gerçekleştirmeleri için sağladığı fiziksel koşullardan yararlanmanın ötesine geçebileceği tartışılmaktadır. Mimari mekanın kullanıcılarına duyumsal bir etkisi olması belirli deneyimlerin varlığını desteklemektedir. Felsefe bu olguları kendi dallarından biri olan fenomenoloji ile tartışır. Aynı zamanda psikoloji de bunları algısal ve bilişsel süreçler ile inceler. Kullanıcı-mimarlık ilişkisi ve bunun düşüncesel ve psikolojik karşılıkları, bir estetik deneyim olgusu olarak ele alınabilir. Dolayısıyla, mimari mekanların nicel özelliklerinin ölçülemez nitelikler kazandığı noktada, insan-mekan ilişkisi bir iletişim, tanıma ve bilme biçimi olarak estetik disiplin alanına taşınabilir. Estetik disiplininin genel olarak odak noktası, estetik özne ile estetik nesne arasındaki etkileşimin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan deneyim ve beğeni yargısının incelenmesi olmuştur. Mimarlıkta, estetik "özne" kullanıcıya, estetik "nesne" mimarlığın tanımladığı mekana ve forma karşılık geldiğini söylemek mümkündür. Kullanıcı ve mekan arasındaki estetik ilişkiyi mimarinin işlevsel yönü üzerinden inceleyebilmek için uygun olma kavramı irdelenmiştir. Bu kavram, kullanım amacına uygun olarak yapılandan potansiyel bir estetik değerin ortaya çıkışını tartışır. Bu anlayış Antik Çağ filozoflarından gelmektedir, ancak mimarlık tarihi boyunca mimarların uygulamalarında uygun olma kavramı üzerinde durduklarını görmek de mümkündür. Bu düşünceyi mimarlıkta biçim-işlev ilişkisi ve kullanıcı-işl, This research investigates the potential influence of the aesthetic experience and the functional aspect of architecture on each other. Accordingly, this study aims to present a philosophical investigation of the emergence of aesthetic experience in relation to the functional aspect of architecture as well as its potential of being an architectural function. It is possible to claim that humanity can interact with its environment through the functional aspect of architecture. There are discussions that the relationship between users and architectural spaces can go beyond benefiting from the necessary physical conditions that architecture provides for its users to execute their required and desired actions. An architectural space having a sensuous impact on its users supports the existence of certain experiences. Philosophy discusses such phenomena with phenomenological thinking as one of its branches and psychology studies them with perceptual and cognitive science. The user-architecture relationship and its intellectual and psychological causes can be considered as a case of aesthetic experiences. Therefore, at the point where quantitative properties of architectural spaces achieve non-measurable qualities, the user-architecture connection can be moved to the field of aesthetics discipline as a form of communication, recognition, and a way of knowing. The overall focus of the discipline of aesthetics has been the study of the experience and the judgment of taste that occurs as a result of the interaction between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. It is possible to claim that, in architecture, the aesthetic subject resembles the user and the aesthetic "object" corresponds to the space that architecture defines and its overall form. To be able to investigate the aesthetic relationship between the user and space through the functional aspect of architecture, the concept of appropriateness is explored. This concept argues for the emergence of an aesthetic q

Konut gibi ihtiyaca dayalı yapılar, kentteki yapı yoğunluğunun büyük bir kısmını oluşturur. Bu yoğunluk nedeniyle konut yapıları kentin estetiğini ve morfolojisini belirlemektedir. Türkiye'de konut yapıları arasında benzeşme gözlemlemek mümkündür. Bu durumun nedenleri konut üretim süreci incelenerek anlaşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, konut tasarım ve üretim sürecini etkileyen faktörler hukuki, ekonomik, kültürel, teknolojik ve sektörel bağlamda incelenmekte. Markasız konut yapıları arasındaki tek tipleşme eğilimini oluşturan kısıtlar anlaşılmaya çalışılmaktadır., Need-based structures such as housing constitute a large part of the building density in the urban area. Residential buildings determine the aesthetics and morphology of a city due to their high density. It is possible to observe resemblance among residential buildings in Turkey. The reasons of similitude could be understood by analysing the housing procurement process. In this study, the factors affecting the unbranded housing design and production process are examined in legal, economic, cultural, technological, and sectorial context in order to understand the constraints that create the tendency towards uniformity among unbranded residential buildings.

Purpose: The aim of project was to develop an augmented reality-based environment and non-formal, free, individualized learning content appropriated for cultural and archaeological heritage which had lost its physical structural integrity. In this respect a web-based augmented reality mobile application was developed that lets the users to inspect and explore the existing cultural heritage and related information in-situ with its various historical conditions modelled in 3D. Methods: Vuforia and Wikitude augmented reality platforms were examined in the project. The created point cloud of the Temple of Augustus by Wikitude Studio web interface is used as a 3-dimensional marker to recognize the structure. Wikitude matches the image of the real world with the created point cloud and the camera exposure at the time of recognition allows us to place the desired virtual object using the correct transforms. When a match is found, Wikitude initiates localization and generates a virtual map of the real world. In this way, even if the camera moves, it continues to partially recognize the object. Using many functions, the virtual restitution model of the temple can be placed correctly aligned on the real world and displayed. Results: Unity as game engine and Wikitude platform as Augmented Reality technology were used for mobile application. A virtual model was placed on the Temple of Augustus with SLAM technology. In the application, 3-dimensional temple models belonging to three different restitution periods can be examined. When a question mark is clicked, information about that part of the building can be accessed. Conclusion: The results of this research can be applied and extended to structures that have lost their structural integrity. The widespread impact of this research can be summarized under three main headings: technology use, interaction with structure and environment, and interoperability. Historical structures can be exhibited in their original state, together

Purpose: The aim of project was to develop an augmented reality-based environment and non-formal, free, individualized learning content appropriated for cultural and archaeological heritage which had lost its physical structural integrity. In this respect a web-based augmented reality mobile application was developed that lets the users to inspect and explore the existing cultural heritage and related information in-situ with its various historical conditions modelled in 3D. Methods: Vuforia and Wikitude augmented reality platforms were examined in the project. The created point cloud of the Temple of Augustus by Wikitude Studio web interface is used as a 3-dimensional marker to recognize the structure. Wikitude matches the image of the real world with the created point cloud and the camera exposure at the time of recognition allows us to place the desired virtual object using the correct transforms. When a match is found, Wikitude initiates localization and generates a virtual map of the real world. In this way, even if the camera moves, it continues to partially recognize the object. Using many functions, the virtual restitution model of the temple can be placed correctly aligned on the real world and displayed. Results: Unity as game engine and Wikitude platform as Augmented Reality technology were used for mobile application. A virtual model was placed on the Temple of Augustus with SLAM technology. In the application, 3-dimensional temple models belonging to three different restitution periods can be examined. When a question mark is clicked, information about that part of the building can be accessed. Conclusion: The results of this research can be applied and extended to structures that have lost their structural integrity. The widespread impact of this research can be summarized under three main headings: technology use, interaction with structure and environment, and interoperability. Historical structures can be exhibited in their original state, together

Tasarım egzersizleri, yaratıcı drama ve sanatla terapi teknikleri kullanarak, iklim değişikliği ve buna bağlı olarak yaşanan ve yaşanacak olan değişiklikler üzerine çocuklara ve gençlere yönelik bilgilendirme ve farkındalık oluşturma; uyum ve işbirliği yetilerini güçlendirme; ve bu süreçlerin oluşturabileceği olumsuz duygudurumları ile baş edebilme becerisi kazandırma amaçları doğrultusunda ilki 2017 yılı ocak ayı, ikincisi ise 2018 yılı ocak ayında olmak üzere, farklı yaş gruplarına yönelik iki atölye çalışması yapılmıştır. Atölyeler, TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Mimarlık Bölümü 1. Sınıf Temel Tasarım Stüdyosu öğrencileri ile Abdurrahim Karakoç İlkokulu öğrencilerinin katılımı ile TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Teknoloji Merkezi Binası’nda yer alan Mimarlık Bölümü stüdyolarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir yıl arayla yapılan bu iki çalışmanın farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumuna göre bireyler üzerinde farklılaşma yarattığı görüldü. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda, atölyelerin tüm katılımcı ve yürütücüler için önemli bir deneyim, farkındalık, bilgi ve beceri kazanımı sağladığından hareketle, etkinliğin diğer ilköğretim okullarına yaygınlaştırılması için çalışma yapılması kararı alınmıştır, This study presents the results of two climate change oriented workshops conducted with first year architecture students and primary school children. The objectives of the workshops were to help the participants to acquire knowledge and develop awareness, improve their adaptation and cooperation abilities, and enhance their cognitive skills to cope with depressive mood and anxiety in living and combating climate change by means of design exercises, creative drama and therapy techniques. Participants were first-year Basic Design Studio students from TOBB University of Economics and Technology (TOBB ETU) Department of Architecture and students from Abdurrahim Karakoç Elementary School. The workshops were conducted in the studios of TOBB ETU Department of Architecture in 2017 and 2018. It was concluded that activities raise an awareness and made a difference regarding to their age, sex, and education level. It was decided to disseminate the results and workshop activity to other elementary schools in Ankara.

YÖK Tez No: 673201, Documenting the geometric and non-geometric data of historic buildings is imperative to preserve the historical heritage. Acquired data is articulated in 3D by means of various software and digital platform. In this respect, building information modeling platforms are advancing, becoming more accessible and convenient. It is predicted that this system can also benefit historical buildings, and some studies are carried out by a specialist in this regard. This system, which emerged as the concept of HBIM, is useful for conserving or re-functioning historical structures. However, non-standard building elements and complex geometries of historical buildings are the elements that make building modeling difficult. In this study, modeling methods that enable developing the HBIM model of non-uniformly deteriorated historic building elements are investigated. This study aims to examine the potential possibilities of available methods provided in Revit to reconstruct the non-uniformly deteriorated masonry wall of the historical building with smart objects within the scope of HBIM. At this stage, a historical structure with non-uniformly wall is studied as a case study to create an HBIM model. Within the scope of this thesis, the HBIM model of the historical masonry stone walls of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which is a Roman-era structure and located in Adana, is produced with smart objects in Revit Software. The restitution project of the historical building is used as an underlay within the scope of this project, but this drawing also includes damaged structural elements. This thesis focuses on modeling the non-uniform elements with regular geometries, rather than modeling the geometries of the deteriorated elements of the historical building. In other words, it focuses on digitizing historical building elements with proper geometries. Restitution project modeling is preferred within the scope of this thesis in a short time in order to use time and resources accur, Tarihi binaların geometrik ve geometrik olmayan verilerini belgelemek tarihi mirası korumak için bir zorunluluktur. Tarihi yapıdan elde edilen veriler, çeşitli yazılımlar ve dijital platformlar aracılığıyla 3 boyutlu olarak ifade edilir. Bu bağlamda, yapı bilgi modelleme platformları gelişmekte, daha erişilebilir ve kullanılabilir hale gelmektedir. Bu yenilikçi yapı sistemlerinin tarihi yapılara da fayda sağlayabileceği öngörülmekte ve bu konuda alanında uzmanlar tarafından belirli çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Tarihi yapılarda Heritage BIM (HBIM) kavramı olarak ortaya çıkan bu sistem, tarihi yapıların korunması ya da yeniden işlevlendirilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Fakat, tarihi yapıların sahip olduğu standart olmayan yapı elemanları ve karmaşık geometriler, yapı modellemesini zorlaştıran unsurlardır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, HBIM modelinin geliştirilmesini sağlayan, standart olmayan ve bozulmuş tarihi yapı elemanlarının modelleme yöntemleri araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, HBIM kapsamında tarihi yapının yapı elemanlarının, parametrik modelleme araçlarıyla akıllı nesnelere dönüştürülmesine yönelik bir yöntem araştırmasıdır. Bu araştırma için Revit programında yer alan mevcut yöntemlerin potansiyel olanaklarını incelenmiştir. Bu aşamada HBIM model oluşturabilmek için düzensiz taş dizilimli duvarlara sahip olan tarihi bir yapı örnek çalışma olarak incelenmiştir. Bu tez kapsamında, Roma dönemi yapısı olan ve Adana'da bulunan Anavarza/Anazarbus Zafer Takı'nın tarihi yığma taş duvarlarının HBIM modeli akıllı nesneler ile Revit programında oluşturulmuştur. Tarihi yapı, restitüsyon çizimleri üzerinden elde edilen geometrik ve geometrik olmayan bilgileri doğrultusunda modellenmiştir. Zafer takı yapı elemanları restitüsyon çiziminde yer aldığı geometrik şekliyle manuel bir şekilde oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada bozulmuş yapı elemanlarından çok tarihi yapının düzgün geometriye sahip taş elemanlarına odaklanılmıştır. Bu sayede süre ve kaynak olarak kısıtlı olan bir süreçte restitüsyo

Climate change can cause a cascade of effects from the individual organisms to ecosystem-scale where in nature, all species are elements of complex networks of interactions. Hence, every impact on every scale has a significant role. Those properties of the networks are decisive on the global ecosystem, so how they will be modified by climate change needs serious studies. The vast population of the urban areas exerts significant effects on climate change even though they cover a small proportion of the surface of the Earth; however, impacts of urbanization on climate and ecosystems remain inadequately understood. In the meantime, urbanization continues to increase and in 2030, two-thirds of the population is expected to be living in urban areas with an increasing rate in time. It is of great importance to elaborate on the relations between urbanization and climate. In this respect, the use of information technologies with an extensive computational capacity is one of the cornerstones of climate and urban studies.; nbsp; Machine learning is a branch of computer science that deals with the automated recognition of patterns from data. The use of machine learning algorithms can bring significant advantages to both understandings and predicting the climate. The computational power with big data, their ability to capture nonlinear behavior, and learn as new data arrive make machine learning a useful tool for understanding climate and developing urban planning. In this sense, the purpose of this study is to show the advantages of machine learning algorithm by developing a recurrent neural network algorithm to make climate predictions and stating possible effects of machine learning on design and its contribution to understanding the climate.

The first-year students in architectural education must deal with design exercises and studio processes that involve problems they have not encountered before. It is essential to understand the intellectual and cognitive personal resources students use to deal with the unique problems and issues of the first year. Attention and their appraisal of their own problem-solving skills can be presented as one of the primary personal resources. These resources should be considered in terms of student-centered and personalized, healthy, and sustainable learning. This dimension of learning is of great importance, especially in the emergency distance education process due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between problem-solving appraisal, attention, and visuospatial skills of first-year architecture students. The research is an experimental study. Neuropsychological assessment tools and scales were used. There are Turkish standardization studies for these neuropsychological assessment tools. These tools have norm values on a healthy sample, which were benefited as control group scores. For visuospatial skills, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices test and Benton Judgment of Line Orientation test; for attention, STROOP test TBAG version were administrated. Problem-Solving Appraisal Inventory were given to record the students' their own validation and assessment on their own problem-solving skills. Participants were volunteer first-year architecture students, who complied with the inclusion criteria. The sample was composed of 40 (26, %65.0, female, 14, %35.0, male) students. Age range was 18-22. It was observed that the students participating in the study evaluated their own problem-solving skills positively. It was found that female participants evaluated their problem-solving skills as more advanced regarding to planfulness factor, whereas for male students it was the self-confidence factor. The neuropsychological test per

Tasarım egzersizleri, yaratıcı drama ve sanatla terapi teknikleri kullanarak, iklim değişikliği ve buna bağlı olarak yaşanan ve yaşanacak olan değişiklikler üzerine çocuklara ve gençlere yönelik bilgilendirme ve farkındalık oluşturma; uyum ve işbirliği yetilerini güçlendirme; ve bu süreçlerin oluşturabileceği olumsuz duygudurumları ile baş edebilme becerisi kazandırma amaçları doğrultusunda ilki 2017 yılı ocak ayı, ikincisi ise 2018 yılı ocak ayında olmak üzere, farklı yaş gruplarına yönelik iki atölye çalışması yapılmıştır. Atölyeler, TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Mimarlık Bölümü 1. Sınıf Temel Tasarım Stüdyosu öğrencileri ile Abdurrahim Karakoç İlkokulu öğrencilerinin katılımı ile TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Teknoloji Merkezi Binası’nda yer alan Mimarlık Bölümü stüdyolarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir yıl arayla yapılan bu iki çalışmanın farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumuna göre bireyler üzerinde farklılaşma yarattığı görüldü. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda, atölyelerin tüm katılımcı ve yürütücüler için önemli bir deneyim, farkındalık, bilgi ve beceri kazanımı sağladığından hareketle, etkinliğin diğer ilköğretim okullarına yaygınlaştırılması için çalışma yapılması kararı alınmıştır, This study presents the results of two climate change oriented workshops conducted with first year architecture students and primary school children. The objectives of the workshops were to help the participants to acquire knowledge and develop awareness, improve their adaptation and cooperation abilities, and enhance their cognitive skills to cope with depressive mood and anxiety in living and combating climate change by means of design exercises, creative drama and therapy techniques. Participants were first-year Basic Design Studio students from TOBB University of Economics and Technology (TOBB ETU) Department of Architecture and students from Abdurrahim Karakoç Elementary School. The workshops were conducted in the studios of TOBB ETU Department of Architecture in 2017 and 2018. It was concluded that activities raise an awareness and made a difference regarding to their age, sex, and education level. It was decided to disseminate the results and workshop activity to other elementary schools in Ankara.

The first-year students in architectural education must deal with design exercises and studio processes that involve problems they have not encountered before. It is essential to understand the intellectual and cognitive personal resources students use to deal with the unique problems and issues of the first year. Attention and their appraisal of their own problem-solving skills can be presented as one of the primary personal resources. These resources should be considered in terms of student-centered and personalized, healthy, and sustainable learning. This dimension of learning is of great importance, especially in the emergency distance education process due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between problem-solving appraisal, attention, and visuospatial skills of first-year architecture students. The research is an experimental study. Neuropsychological assessment tools and scales were used. There are Turkish standardization studies for these neuropsychological assessment tools. These tools have norm values on a healthy sample, which were benefited as control group scores. For visuospatial skills, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices test and Benton Judgment of Line Orientation test; for attention, STROOP test TBAG version were administrated. Problem-Solving Appraisal Inventory were given to record the students' their own validation and assessment on their own problem-solving skills. Participants were volunteer first-year architecture students, who complied with the inclusion criteria. The sample was composed of 40 (26, %65.0, female, 14, %35.0, male) students. Age range was 18-22. It was observed that the students participating in the study evaluated their own problem-solving skills positively. It was found that female participants evaluated their problem-solving skills as more advanced regarding to planfulness factor, whereas for male students it was the self-confidence factor. The neuropsychological test per

YÖK Tez No: 673201, Documenting the geometric and non-geometric data of historic buildings is imperative to preserve the historical heritage. Acquired data is articulated in 3D by means of various software and digital platform. In this respect, building information modeling platforms are advancing, becoming more accessible and convenient. It is predicted that this system can also benefit historical buildings, and some studies are carried out by a specialist in this regard. This system, which emerged as the concept of HBIM, is useful for conserving or re-functioning historical structures. However, non-standard building elements and complex geometries of historical buildings are the elements that make building modeling difficult. In this study, modeling methods that enable developing the HBIM model of non-uniformly deteriorated historic building elements are investigated. This study aims to examine the potential possibilities of available methods provided in Revit to reconstruct the non-uniformly deteriorated masonry wall of the historical building with smart objects within the scope of HBIM. At this stage, a historical structure with non-uniformly wall is studied as a case study to create an HBIM model. Within the scope of this thesis, the HBIM model of the historical masonry stone walls of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which is a Roman-era structure and located in Adana, is produced with smart objects in Revit Software. The restitution project of the historical building is used as an underlay within the scope of this project, but this drawing also includes damaged structural elements. This thesis focuses on modeling the non-uniform elements with regular geometries, rather than modeling the geometries of the deteriorated elements of the historical building. In other words, it focuses on digitizing historical building elements with proper geometries. Restitution project modeling is preferred within the scope of this thesis in a short time in order to use time and resources accur, Tarihi binaların geometrik ve geometrik olmayan verilerini belgelemek tarihi mirası korumak için bir zorunluluktur. Tarihi yapıdan elde edilen veriler, çeşitli yazılımlar ve dijital platformlar aracılığıyla 3 boyutlu olarak ifade edilir. Bu bağlamda, yapı bilgi modelleme platformları gelişmekte, daha erişilebilir ve kullanılabilir hale gelmektedir. Bu yenilikçi yapı sistemlerinin tarihi yapılara da fayda sağlayabileceği öngörülmekte ve bu konuda alanında uzmanlar tarafından belirli çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Tarihi yapılarda Heritage BIM (HBIM) kavramı olarak ortaya çıkan bu sistem, tarihi yapıların korunması ya da yeniden işlevlendirilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Fakat, tarihi yapıların sahip olduğu standart olmayan yapı elemanları ve karmaşık geometriler, yapı modellemesini zorlaştıran unsurlardır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, HBIM modelinin geliştirilmesini sağlayan, standart olmayan ve bozulmuş tarihi yapı elemanlarının modelleme yöntemleri araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, HBIM kapsamında tarihi yapının yapı elemanlarının, parametrik modelleme araçlarıyla akıllı nesnelere dönüştürülmesine yönelik bir yöntem araştırmasıdır. Bu araştırma için Revit programında yer alan mevcut yöntemlerin potansiyel olanaklarını incelenmiştir. Bu aşamada HBIM model oluşturabilmek için düzensiz taş dizilimli duvarlara sahip olan tarihi bir yapı örnek çalışma olarak incelenmiştir. Bu tez kapsamında, Roma dönemi yapısı olan ve Adana'da bulunan Anavarza/Anazarbus Zafer Takı'nın tarihi yığma taş duvarlarının HBIM modeli akıllı nesneler ile Revit programında oluşturulmuştur. Tarihi yapı, restitüsyon çizimleri üzerinden elde edilen geometrik ve geometrik olmayan bilgileri doğrultusunda modellenmiştir. Zafer takı yapı elemanları restitüsyon çiziminde yer aldığı geometrik şekliyle manuel bir şekilde oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada bozulmuş yapı elemanlarından çok tarihi yapının düzgün geometriye sahip taş elemanlarına odaklanılmıştır. Bu sayede süre ve kaynak olarak kısıtlı olan bir süreçte restitüsyo

Climate change can cause a cascade of effects from the individual organisms to ecosystem-scale where in nature, all species are elements of complex networks of interactions. Hence, every impact on every scale has a significant role. Those properties of the networks are decisive on the global ecosystem, so how they will be modified by climate change needs serious studies. The vast population of the urban areas exerts significant effects on climate change even though they cover a small proportion of the surface of the Earth; however, impacts of urbanization on climate and ecosystems remain inadequately understood. In the meantime, urbanization continues to increase and in 2030, two-thirds of the population is expected to be living in urban areas with an increasing rate in time. It is of great importance to elaborate on the relations between urbanization and climate. In this respect, the use of information technologies with an extensive computational capacity is one of the cornerstones of climate and urban studies.; nbsp; Machine learning is a branch of computer science that deals with the automated recognition of patterns from data. The use of machine learning algorithms can bring significant advantages to both understandings and predicting the climate. The computational power with big data, their ability to capture nonlinear behavior, and learn as new data arrive make machine learning a useful tool for understanding climate and developing urban planning. In this sense, the purpose of this study is to show the advantages of machine learning algorithm by developing a recurrent neural network algorithm to make climate predictions and stating possible effects of machine learning on design and its contribution to understanding the climate.

Mimarlık eğitimi öğrencilerin görsel-mekânsal becerileri ve yetkinlikleri ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Eğitimleri boyunca öğrencilerden mekânı zihinsel ve fiziksel olarak kurabilmek, düzenleyebilmek, döndürebilmek ve dönüştürebilmek için görsel-mekânsal becerilerini kullanmaları ve geliştirmeleri beklenmektedir. Bu çalışma mimarlık birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin, yükseköğrenim öncesinde aldıkları sanat eğitimi ile görsel-mekânsal becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Görsel-mekânsal beceri düzeyinin belirlenmesi için nöropsikolojik araçlar kullanılmış ve psikometrik değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmada genel zekânın en iyi yordayıcıları arasında yer alan nöropsikolojik testlerden Raven Standart İlerlemeli Matrisler Testi (RSİM) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 128 gönüllü öğrenci katılmıştır. Bulgular öğrencilerin nöropsikolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarının norm puanlarla ve bilişsel gelişim seviyeleri ile uyumlu olduğunu göstermektedir. Yükseköğrenim öncesi sanat eğitimi almış katılımcıların RSİM toplam ve RSİM E alttesti sonuçlarının sanat eğitimi almamış öğrencilerden daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmanın bulguları sanat eğitiminin uzay biliş ve görsel-mekânsal becerilere olumlu katkısını ortaya koyan diğer çalışmaları desteklemektedir., Spatial cognition and skills are of critical importance for architecture. During their education, architecture students are expected to use and develop visuospatial skills to generate/construct, retain, rotate, and manipulate space mentally and physically through physical and digital representations. This study was designed and conducted to fill the gap in researches on the first-year architecture students' spatial skill evaluated by means of neuropsychological tests. The goal of the study was to investigate the potential connections between the first architecture students' visuospatial skills and art training or education prior to the university education. 128 students participated to the research voluntarily. For visuospatial skills Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) test was administrated. The findings demonstrated that first year architecture students' performances on neuropsychological tests assessing visuospatial skills were compatible with the norm scores and their cognitive development level. Participants with art training prior to university performed better in RSPM total, and RSPM subtest E. The results supported the previous studies claiming that art training and/or education have a positive impact on spatial cognition and visuospatial skills.

First-year architecture students are expected to utilise visuospatial abilities to generate/construct, retain, rotate and manipulate space mentally and physically through physical and digital representations. This study of 57 female and 23 male participants was conducted to investigate first-year architecture students’ visuospatial abilities by means of the Beck Depression Inventory, Logical Reasoning Test and Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) test. Participants’ sexes, cognitive development level, depression scale scores, university entrance exam results, vision disorders, physical competences, art training prior to university and error types were the study’s main parameters. The results showed that academic scores of the participants both to enrol in the program and complete the first-year studio did not correlate with their JLO scores. Nondepressed participants performed better in JLO. Error analyses demonstrated that there is a concentration on certain items according to the test stimulus line positions, especially in females. Those who reported limited physical and visual competency made more mistakes in the same items. The study concludes that sex, depression, and individual differences in physical and visual competency, and art training, are significant variables for visuospatial performance. Judging visuospatial parameters through spatial design exercises is different from having proper methods and instruments to assess the achievements of the students regarding those abilities in architectural design education. It is important to map students’ visuospatial abilities individually from a developmental perspective. There is a strong need to develop 4D psychometric instrument to assess visuospatial abilities.

It is possible to claim that Vitruvian description of what architecture consists of were the product of collective human knowledge embodied in metaphysics, philosophy, science, and art. Vitruvius developed a body of knowledge of his contemporary concepts concerning their contextual distinctions and connotations. He made an all-encompassing conceptualization and skilful synthesis of them in a communicable form for design, construction and education. He described the tangible and intangible, qualitative, and quantitative components of architecture and proposed an understanding on how to incorporate them. Despite that his historical, mythological, metaphysical, and even some archaeological references are irrelevant for today, there is still a lot to learn from Vitruvius’ reasoning and method on architectural design. There is a shortage of Vitruvian studies in Turkey. Vitruvian content should be re-visited, re-considered, and translated with a critical and contemporary approach. In order to overcome the contemporary crises of architectural theory, particularly in Turkey, it is vital to reflect upon the domain by means of its own sources, terminology, and knowledge.

Mimarlık eğitimi öğrencilerin görsel-mekânsal becerileri ve yetkinlikleri ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Eğitimleri boyunca öğrencilerden mekânı zihinsel ve fiziksel olarak kurabilmek, düzenleyebilmek, döndürebilmek ve dönüştürebilmek için görsel-mekânsal becerilerini kullanmaları ve geliştirmeleri beklenmektedir. Bu çalışma mimarlık birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin, yükseköğrenim öncesinde aldıkları sanat eğitimi ile görsel-mekânsal becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Görsel-mekânsal beceri düzeyinin belirlenmesi için nöropsikolojik araçlar kullanılmış ve psikometrik değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmada genel zekânın en iyi yordayıcıları arasında yer alan nöropsikolojik testlerden Raven Standart İlerlemeli Matrisler Testi (RSİM) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 128 gönüllü öğrenci katılmıştır. Bulgular öğrencilerin nöropsikolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarının norm puanlarla ve bilişsel gelişim seviyeleri ile uyumlu olduğunu göstermektedir. Yükseköğrenim öncesi sanat eğitimi almış katılımcıların RSİM toplam ve RSİM E alttesti sonuçlarının sanat eğitimi almamış öğrencilerden daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmanın bulguları sanat eğitiminin uzay biliş ve görsel-mekânsal becerilere olumlu katkısını ortaya koyan diğer çalışmaları desteklemektedir., Spatial cognition and skills are of critical importance for architecture. During their education, architecture students are expected to use and develop visuospatial skills to generate/construct, retain, rotate, and manipulate space mentally and physically through physical and digital representations. This study was designed and conducted to fill the gap in researches on the first-year architecture students' spatial skill evaluated by means of neuropsychological tests. The goal of the study was to investigate the potential connections between the first architecture students' visuospatial skills and art training or education prior to the university education. 128 students participated to the research voluntarily. For visuospatial skills Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) test was administrated. The findings demonstrated that first year architecture students' performances on neuropsychological tests assessing visuospatial skills were compatible with the norm scores and their cognitive development level. Participants with art training prior to university performed better in RSPM total, and RSPM subtest E. The results supported the previous studies claiming that art training and/or education have a positive impact on spatial cognition and visuospatial skills.

First-year architecture students are expected to utilise visuospatial abilities to generate/construct, retain, rotate and manipulate space mentally and physically through physical and digital representations. This study of 57 female and 23 male participants was conducted to investigate first-year architecture students’ visuospatial abilities by means of the Beck Depression Inventory, Logical Reasoning Test and Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) test. Participants’ sexes, cognitive development level, depression scale scores, university entrance exam results, vision disorders, physical competences, art training prior to university and error types were the study’s main parameters. The results showed that academic scores of the participants both to enrol in the program and complete the first-year studio did not correlate with their JLO scores. Nondepressed participants performed better in JLO. Error analyses demonstrated that there is a concentration on certain items according to the test stimulus line positions, especially in females. Those who reported limited physical and visual competency made more mistakes in the same items. The study concludes that sex, depression, and individual differences in physical and visual competency, and art training, are significant variables for visuospatial performance. Judging visuospatial parameters through spatial design exercises is different from having proper methods and instruments to assess the achievements of the students regarding those abilities in architectural design education. It is important to map students’ visuospatial abilities individually from a developmental perspective. There is a strong need to develop 4D psychometric instrument to assess visuospatial abilities.

It is possible to claim that Vitruvian description of what architecture consists of were the product of collective human knowledge embodied in metaphysics, philosophy, science, and art. Vitruvius developed a body of knowledge of his contemporary concepts concerning their contextual distinctions and connotations. He made an all-encompassing conceptualization and skilful synthesis of them in a communicable form for design, construction and education. He described the tangible and intangible, qualitative, and quantitative components of architecture and proposed an understanding on how to incorporate them. Despite that his historical, mythological, metaphysical, and even some archaeological references are irrelevant for today, there is still a lot to learn from Vitruvius’ reasoning and method on architectural design. There is a shortage of Vitruvian studies in Turkey. Vitruvian content should be re-visited, re-considered, and translated with a critical and contemporary approach. In order to overcome the contemporary crises of architectural theory, particularly in Turkey, it is vital to reflect upon the domain by means of its own sources, terminology, and knowledge.

Amaç: Bu çalışma Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap ve yazarı Vitruvius’un Roma dönemi ile erken Rönesans arasındaki metinler arası yolculuğunu ele almaktadır. Yöntem: Farklı kurum ve kuruluşlar tarafından sayısallaştırılan ve erişime açılan el yazmaları ve çağdaş alanyazın karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap, Roma ve Ortaçağ boyunca hem retorik hem de mimari amaçlarla başvurulan bir kaynaktır. Bu dönemler boyunca üretilen ve kopyalanan elyazmaları metnin Rönesans’a kadar kesintisiz yolculuğunu olanaklı kılmıştır. Sonuç: Mimarlık kültürüne yaptığı paha biçilemez katkı biryana, sağladığı tarihsel veri ve yazıldığı dilin dilbilimsel önemi nedeniyle Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap batı dünyası için vazgeçilmez bir başvuru kaynağıdır. Metnin temas ettiği belgeler batı uygarlığının yapıtaşları olarak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu belgelerin aydınlatılması ve erişilebilir hale gelmesi ile Vitruvius ve Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap üzerine yeni, karşılaştırmalı ve eleştirel çalışmalar yapmanın olanağı ve önemi artmıştır., Objective: The main objective of the study is to investigate the intertextual odyssey of de Architectura and its author Vitruvius between Roman Imperial period and early Renaissance. Method: A comparative literature survey was conducted in recently digitized and publicized Roman and Mediaeval manuscripts, contemporary researches, documents and books. Results: de Architectura and Vitruvius had been cited and quoted rhetorically and technically in numerous handwritten manuscripts until early Renaissance. Every copied manuscript including de Architectura and/or its citation granted its survival. Conclusion: Beside its importance for architecture as a discipline, de Architectura has always been a precious source for history and significant reference book for Latin Language studies. Documents crossed with de Architectura and Vitruvius had been the building blocks of western civilization. The recently publicized and accessible documents are considered as an important opportunity and academic motivation for further comparative surveys on de Architectura and Vitruvius

Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, designed by Paul Bonatz to meet the housing needs of civil servants and built between 1944 and 1946, has become a collapsed area in the city center of Ankara because of its inadequateness against the changing demands of the city. The neighborhood which enters the agenda of urban transformation and is in danger of collapse by declaration as a risky area, is often the subject of debate with land rent pressure, place in city memory and representation value. This debate is an inadequate debate on the solution of the future of the neighborhood. This study evaluates the future of the area with the view that Saraçoğlu Neighborhood has developed from the determination of the causes of its becoming a dilapidated housing area in the city center. Instead of producing scenarios for future design and transformation of the area, it has tried to put forward the principles that should be included in the scenarios to be produced. It is argued that the future of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood should be taken into consideration in parallel with the stages of Ankara's urbanization process and Kızılay city center since the experience of the development of the city inevitably affects the city center and Saraçoğlu Neighborhood. The urbanization process of Ankara, the experience of urbanization up to date was taken up with sociological and ideological approaches affecting urban space, economic changes and architectural trends in the study. As a result of a comprehensive review of the effects of the changing urban paradigms on Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, environmental, physical and economic impacts are defined to prepare the area to become a collapsed area and it has been determined that the future of the area should be evaluated together with Kızılay. In this context, perspectives on the future of Kızılay have been developed and the current problems and potentials of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood and the future pressures and opportunities have been examined. As a result, design princi, Devlet memurlarının konut ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla Paul Bonatz tarafından tasarlanan ve 1944-1946 yılları arasında inşa edilen Saraçoğlu Mahallesi, Ankara kent merkezinde, değişen kentin talepleri karşısında yetersiz kalarak çöküntü alanı haline gelmiştir. Riskli alan ilan edilerek kentsel dönüşümün gündemine giren ve yıkılma tehlikesi geçiren mahalle, genellikle rant baskısı, kent belleğindeki yeri ve temsil değeri aracılığı ile tartışma konusu olmaktadır. Bu tartışma alanın geleceğine dair çözüm üretme açısından yetersiz bir tartışmadır. Bu çalışma, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin kent merkezinde köhneleşmiş bir konut alanı haline gelmesinin nedenlerinin tespitinden yola çıkarak geliştirdiği bakış açısı ile, alanın geleceğine dair değerlendirmede bulunmuştur. Alanın gelecek tasarımına ve dönüşümüne dair senaryolar üretmek yerine, üretilecek olan senaryoların içermesi gereken ilkeleri ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Kentin gelişimini yönlendiren deneyimlerin kent merkezini ve Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'ni kaçınılmaz olarak etkilemesinden dolayı, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin geleceğinin, Ankara'nın kentleşme süreci ve Kızılay kent merkezinin geçirdiği evrelerle paralel olarak ele alınması gerektiği savunulmaktadır. Çalışmada Ankara'nın planlanma süreçleri, günümüze kadar olan kentleşme deneyimi; kentsel mekanı etkileyen sosyolojik ve ideolojik yaklaşımlar, ekonomik değişimler ve mimari eğilimlerle birlikte ele alınmıştır. Değişen kentsel paradigmaların Saraçoğlu Mahallesi üzerindeki etkilerini içeren kapsamlı inceleme sonucunda, alanın çöküntü alanı haline gelmesini hazırlayan çevresel, fiziksel ve ekonomik etkiler belirlenmiş ve alanın geleceğinin Kızılay ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu kapsamda Kızılay'ın geleceğine dair perspektifler geliştirilmiş, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin mevcut problemleri ve potansiyelleri ile geleceğine dair baskı ve fırsatlar incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, problem-potansiyel ve baskı-fırsat ikilikleri üzerinden yapılan çıkarımlarl

Selected Papers of 6th World Conference on Design and Arts (WCDA-2017), Basic design education was conventionally structured around standardised lesson plans and instructional methods. Although each architectural school considers itself as an ecole, the content and the methods of basic design courses mostly follow a particular layout. The principles or qualities, elements and compositional rules of design constitute the content, whereas the methods can vary according to the instructors. These content and dependent methods consider students as passive receivers, whereas students of basic architectural design course should be active learners, participants and even contributors to the process. Hence, it is of importance to consider the students as individuals with particular skills and learning domains. The characteristics of each student should be depicted. In this way, it could be possible develop personalised learning methods and more active and productive basic design studios. This study aims to present methods of educational psychology, particularly neuropsychological tests as key factors of personalised learning in studios.

Amaç: Bu çalışma Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap ve yazarı Vitruvius’un Roma dönemi ile erken Rönesans arasındaki metinler arası yolculuğunu ele almaktadır. Yöntem: Farklı kurum ve kuruluşlar tarafından sayısallaştırılan ve erişime açılan el yazmaları ve çağdaş alanyazın karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap, Roma ve Ortaçağ boyunca hem retorik hem de mimari amaçlarla başvurulan bir kaynaktır. Bu dönemler boyunca üretilen ve kopyalanan elyazmaları metnin Rönesans’a kadar kesintisiz yolculuğunu olanaklı kılmıştır. Sonuç: Mimarlık kültürüne yaptığı paha biçilemez katkı biryana, sağladığı tarihsel veri ve yazıldığı dilin dilbilimsel önemi nedeniyle Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap batı dünyası için vazgeçilmez bir başvuru kaynağıdır. Metnin temas ettiği belgeler batı uygarlığının yapıtaşları olarak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu belgelerin aydınlatılması ve erişilebilir hale gelmesi ile Vitruvius ve Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap üzerine yeni, karşılaştırmalı ve eleştirel çalışmalar yapmanın olanağı ve önemi artmıştır., Objective: The main objective of the study is to investigate the intertextual odyssey of de Architectura and its author Vitruvius between Roman Imperial period and early Renaissance. Method: A comparative literature survey was conducted in recently digitized and publicized Roman and Mediaeval manuscripts, contemporary researches, documents and books. Results: de Architectura and Vitruvius had been cited and quoted rhetorically and technically in numerous handwritten manuscripts until early Renaissance. Every copied manuscript including de Architectura and/or its citation granted its survival. Conclusion: Beside its importance for architecture as a discipline, de Architectura has always been a precious source for history and significant reference book for Latin Language studies. Documents crossed with de Architectura and Vitruvius had been the building blocks of western civilization. The recently publicized and accessible documents are considered as an important opportunity and academic motivation for further comparative surveys on de Architectura and Vitruvius

Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, designed by Paul Bonatz to meet the housing needs of civil servants and built between 1944 and 1946, has become a collapsed area in the city center of Ankara because of its inadequateness against the changing demands of the city. The neighborhood which enters the agenda of urban transformation and is in danger of collapse by declaration as a risky area, is often the subject of debate with land rent pressure, place in city memory and representation value. This debate is an inadequate debate on the solution of the future of the neighborhood. This study evaluates the future of the area with the view that Saraçoğlu Neighborhood has developed from the determination of the causes of its becoming a dilapidated housing area in the city center. Instead of producing scenarios for future design and transformation of the area, it has tried to put forward the principles that should be included in the scenarios to be produced. It is argued that the future of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood should be taken into consideration in parallel with the stages of Ankara's urbanization process and Kızılay city center since the experience of the development of the city inevitably affects the city center and Saraçoğlu Neighborhood. The urbanization process of Ankara, the experience of urbanization up to date was taken up with sociological and ideological approaches affecting urban space, economic changes and architectural trends in the study. As a result of a comprehensive review of the effects of the changing urban paradigms on Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, environmental, physical and economic impacts are defined to prepare the area to become a collapsed area and it has been determined that the future of the area should be evaluated together with Kızılay. In this context, perspectives on the future of Kızılay have been developed and the current problems and potentials of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood and the future pressures and opportunities have been examined. As a result, design princi, Devlet memurlarının konut ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla Paul Bonatz tarafından tasarlanan ve 1944-1946 yılları arasında inşa edilen Saraçoğlu Mahallesi, Ankara kent merkezinde, değişen kentin talepleri karşısında yetersiz kalarak çöküntü alanı haline gelmiştir. Riskli alan ilan edilerek kentsel dönüşümün gündemine giren ve yıkılma tehlikesi geçiren mahalle, genellikle rant baskısı, kent belleğindeki yeri ve temsil değeri aracılığı ile tartışma konusu olmaktadır. Bu tartışma alanın geleceğine dair çözüm üretme açısından yetersiz bir tartışmadır. Bu çalışma, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin kent merkezinde köhneleşmiş bir konut alanı haline gelmesinin nedenlerinin tespitinden yola çıkarak geliştirdiği bakış açısı ile, alanın geleceğine dair değerlendirmede bulunmuştur. Alanın gelecek tasarımına ve dönüşümüne dair senaryolar üretmek yerine, üretilecek olan senaryoların içermesi gereken ilkeleri ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Kentin gelişimini yönlendiren deneyimlerin kent merkezini ve Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'ni kaçınılmaz olarak etkilemesinden dolayı, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin geleceğinin, Ankara'nın kentleşme süreci ve Kızılay kent merkezinin geçirdiği evrelerle paralel olarak ele alınması gerektiği savunulmaktadır. Çalışmada Ankara'nın planlanma süreçleri, günümüze kadar olan kentleşme deneyimi; kentsel mekanı etkileyen sosyolojik ve ideolojik yaklaşımlar, ekonomik değişimler ve mimari eğilimlerle birlikte ele alınmıştır. Değişen kentsel paradigmaların Saraçoğlu Mahallesi üzerindeki etkilerini içeren kapsamlı inceleme sonucunda, alanın çöküntü alanı haline gelmesini hazırlayan çevresel, fiziksel ve ekonomik etkiler belirlenmiş ve alanın geleceğinin Kızılay ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu kapsamda Kızılay'ın geleceğine dair perspektifler geliştirilmiş, Saraçoğlu Mahallesi'nin mevcut problemleri ve potansiyelleri ile geleceğine dair baskı ve fırsatlar incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, problem-potansiyel ve baskı-fırsat ikilikleri üzerinden yapılan çıkarımlarl

Selected Papers of 6th World Conference on Design and Arts (WCDA-2017), Basic design education was conventionally structured around standardised lesson plans and instructional methods. Although each architectural school considers itself as an ecole, the content and the methods of basic design courses mostly follow a particular layout. The principles or qualities, elements and compositional rules of design constitute the content, whereas the methods can vary according to the instructors. These content and dependent methods consider students as passive receivers, whereas students of basic architectural design course should be active learners, participants and even contributors to the process. Hence, it is of importance to consider the students as individuals with particular skills and learning domains. The characteristics of each student should be depicted. In this way, it could be possible develop personalised learning methods and more active and productive basic design studios. This study aims to present methods of educational psychology, particularly neuropsychological tests as key factors of personalised learning in studios.