32 results on '"Abelmoschus esculentus"'
Search Results
2. An entomopathogenic fungus recently discovered to attack Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Hem.: Cicadellidae) in Benin: provisional identification and research to be undertaken
- Author
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Silvie, Pierre, Lopez Llandres, Ana, Yarou, Boni Barthélémy, De Troij, Antoine, Goergen, Georg, Silvie, Pierre, Lopez Llandres, Ana, Yarou, Boni Barthélémy, De Troij, Antoine, and Goergen, Georg
- Abstract
In June 2023, high populations of Amrasca biguttula were observed in Cotonou, Benin, infected by an entomopathogenic fungus on leaves of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra). This first reporting in Africa could be due to an Entomophthorale. Recommendations are given to better identify the fungus.
- Published
- 2023
3. Cardiovascular benefits of okra in low density lipoprotein knockout mice
- Author
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Myrie, Semone (Food and Human Nutritional Sciences), Netticadan, Thomas (Physiology & Pathophysiology), Eskin, Michael (Food and Human Nutritional Sciences), Kone Berethe, Rokiatou, Myrie, Semone (Food and Human Nutritional Sciences), Netticadan, Thomas (Physiology & Pathophysiology), Eskin, Michael (Food and Human Nutritional Sciences), and Kone Berethe, Rokiatou
- Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main non-communicable conditions worldwide. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is commonly used in many countries including Sub-Saharan Africa. Although the plant is highly valued for its potential health benefits, its cardiovascular benefits are not scientifically well investigated. In an attempt to investigate its cardiovascular benefits, twenty-five male mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 2 different diets, chow diet (control (LDLr-KO), n=6 and C57BL/6, n=10) and okra powder diet (LDLr-KO, n=9) at 20% (w/w) for 20 weeks. All diets contained 0.06% (w/w) dietary cholesterol. The incorporation of okra powder in the diet did not increase the total phenolic content of the diet. At baseline and during the experimental course, body weight, food consumption, and plasma lipid levels were measured regularly. At the end of the study, atherosclerotic lesion development was assessed in the aortic roots using light microscopy techniques. The food intake was not significantly different in any experimental groups. However, supplementation of okra changed the weight gain rate, and the plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides levels declined significantly in the okra diet group during the study course. These changes were accompanied by slight reductions in the extent of atherosclerosis (0.17±0.05 vs 0.25±0.05 mm2) as compared to controls. Also, there was a significant increase in the plasma level of IL-10 in the okra-treated animals, as compared to that in the control group. These findings may indicate that the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of okra may be mediated through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. More research is needed to warrant confirmation of such suggestions.
- Published
- 2021
4. Viabilidad agroeconómica del cultivo intercalado de plantas de taro y okra según fechas de siembra y disposición de las plantas
- Author
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Nacir Colombo, Joao, Puiatti, Mário, Barros da Silva Filho, Jaime, Piña, Michael, Silva Santos, Ricardo Henrique, Barbosa Vieira, Janiele Cassia, Nacir Colombo, Joao, Puiatti, Mário, Barros da Silva Filho, Jaime, Piña, Michael, Silva Santos, Ricardo Henrique, and Barbosa Vieira, Janiele Cassia
- Abstract
Intercropping is a cultivation system that aims to achieve high productivity per unit area and promote the sustainability of the production system. The objective of this work is to evaluate the agronomic viability and economic profitability of intercropping taro with okra plants. The research was conducted in an experimental field between October 2011 and June 2012. In total, nine treatments from four intercrops of taro with okra plants were evaluated: okra was planted at two time points, 0 days and 30 days after the taro planting, and two arrangements of okra plants, one plant at 30 cm and two plants at 60 cm. We used a randomized block experimental design with four replications and determined the indexes of SPAD, LAI, K, and the productivity and economic indexes. The intercropping systems were agronomically viable by presenting a Land Use Efficiency (LUE) value above 1. When okra was intercropped at the same time as taro, the best results for Profitability Index (PI), economic yield, and Rate of Return (RR) were achieved. The treatment with one okra plant at 30 cm, intercropped at 0 DAP (Days After Planting) taro presented the best results for RR and PI, El cultivo intercalado es una práctica agrícola que tiene el propósito de lograr una alta productividad por unidad de área y promover la sostenibilidad del sistema de producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la viabilidad agronómica y la rentabilidad económica del cultivo intercalado de taro o malanga (Colocasia esculenta) con plantas de okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). El ensayo se realizó en un campo experimental entre octubre de 2011 y junio de 2012. En total se evaluaron nueve tratamientos de cuatro cultivos intercalados de malanga con plantas de okra. Se sembró okra en dos períodos, 0 días y 30 días después de la siembra de taro, y a dos ubicaciones de plantas de okra, una planta a 30 cm y dos plantas a 60 cm. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones y se determinaron los índices de SPAD, IAF, K, y los índices de productividad y económicos. Todos los sistemas de intercalado fueron agronómicamente viables y presentaron un valor de eficiencia en el uso del suelo (ES) por encima de 1. Cuando la okra se intercaló en el mismo momento que el taro, se lograron los mejores resultados para índice de rentabilidad (IR), rendimiento económico y tasa de retorno (TR). El tratamiento con una planta de okra cada 30 cm, sembrado al 0 día posterior al plantío, mostró los mayores valores de TR y IR.
- Published
- 2021
5. Aumento en la producción de okra con la adición de nitrógeno
- Author
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Coutinho Miranda, Valdilene, Pascual Reyes, Irais Dolores, Torquato Tavares, Aline, Gonçalves Carline, João Victor, Silva Sousa, Kássio Abel, Rodrigues Nascimento, Ildon, Coutinho Miranda, Valdilene, Pascual Reyes, Irais Dolores, Torquato Tavares, Aline, Gonçalves Carline, João Victor, Silva Sousa, Kássio Abel, and Rodrigues Nascimento, Ildon
- Abstract
Introduction. The growth, production, and quality of the okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) are related to the application of fertilizers with nitrogen (N) being the most prominent, due to the direct relationship with photosynthesis and vegetative growth of the plant. Objective. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and productivity characteristics of the okra based on the dose of N. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the experimental area Campus Gurupi, of the Universidad Federal de Tocantins (UFT), in two planting periods (autumn/winter and spring/summer). The experimental design used was randomized blocks (DBC) with six treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg N ha-1) and four repetitions. Urea was used as a source of N. The characteristics evaluated were: productivity, average fruit mass, height and chlorophyll index of the plant. Results. The productivity and height of the plant were higher in the autumn/winter crop. The average mass and chlorophyll index were not influenced by the sowing period. For productivity a linear response was obtained, increasing the dose up to the limit of the dose of N used (250 kg ha-1), with an average value higher than 14 t of fruit. The mean mass and plant height responded linearly to the increase in the dose of N. Nitrogen affected the chlorophyll index, with maximum values of 45.96 and 47.19, observed in the two evaluation periods. Conclusion. The sowing season and the N content in the soil interacted with the height of the plant, being favorable in the period when there was no precipitation. N influenced all characteristics, demonstrating the importance of nitrogen fertilization development okra plants., Introducción. El crecimiento, la producción y la calidad de okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) están relacionados con la aplicación de fertilizantes, siendo el nitrógeno (N) el que más destaca, debido a la relación directa con la fotosíntesis y crecimiento vegetativo de la planta. Objetivo. El objetivo fue evaluar las características agronómicas y de productividad de okra en función de la dosis de N. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en el área experimental Campus Gurupi, de la Universidad Federal de Tocantins (UFT), Brasil, en dos períodos de siembra (otoño/invierno y primavera/verano). El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloques al azar (DBC), con seis tratamientos (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 y 250 kg N ha-1) y cuatro repeticiones. Se utilizó urea como fuente de N. Las características evaluadas fueron: productividad, masa media del fruto, altura e índice de clorofila de la planta. Resultados. La productividad y la altura de la planta resultaron superiores en el cultivo de otoño/invierno. La masa media e índice de clorofila no sufrieron influencia por el período de siembra. Para la productividad, se obtuvo una respuesta lineal en aumento de la dosis hasta el límite de la dosis de N utilizada (250 kg ha-1), con valor medio superior a 14 t de fruto. La masa media y la altura de la planta respondieron linealmente al aumento de la dosis de N. El nitrógeno afectó el índice de clorofila, con valores máximos de 45,96 y 47,19, observados en los dos periodos de evaluación. Conclusión. La época de siembra y el contenido de N en el suelo interactuaron con la altura de la planta, siendo favorable en el periodo que no hubo precipitación. El N influyó en todas las características, lo que demuestra la importancia de la fertilización nitrogenada en el desarrollo de las plantas de okra.
- Published
- 2020
6. Prospecção farmacognóstica e caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. esculentos
- Author
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Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa, Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, and Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa
- Abstract
The Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) belonging to the Malvaceae family, is a plant native to Africa and India and is part of the diet in various parts of the world. The fruits have carotene, folic acid, vitamin B1, B2, B3, Vitamin C, ethanedioic acid and amino acids. There are several therapeutic and nutritional properties attributed to okra. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a pharmacognostic prospecting and to carry out the physico-chemical characterization of A. Esculentos fruits. The study was carried out with the fruits of A.esculentos collected in the city of Coelho Neto, Maranhão, The exsiccata was made and deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), afterwards the crude extract was obtained, subsequently pharmacognostic and photochemical analyzes were carried out and, finally, infrared analysis. The results show that samples are constituted by hydrolyzable tannins also flavonoids, from the group of flavonols and dihydroflavonoids in addition to cardiotonic glycosides, which are biologically active substances of pharmacological interest. Through infrared spectroscopy of the raw extract of Abelmoschus esculentus, physical-chemical, nutritional and functional characteristics were demonstrated. Therefore, the results presented in this initial study suggest that Abelmoschus esculentus is a species with great potential for further studies and future pharmacological application., O Abelmoschus esculentus (quiabo) pertencente à família Malvaceae, é uma planta nativa da África e da Índia e faz parte da dieta em várias partes do mundo. Os frutos apresentam caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, Vitamina C, ácido etanodioico e aminoácidos. Várias são as propriedades terapêuticas e nutricionais atribuídas ao quiabo. Dessa forma o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma prospecção farmacognóstica e realizar a caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. Esculentos. O estudo foi realizado com os frutos de A.esculentos coletados na cidade de Coelho Neto, Maranhão, A exsicata foi confeccionada e depositada no Herbário da Universidade Federal do Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), em seguida foi realizada a obtenção do extrato bruto, posteriormente foram realizadas as análises farmacognósticas e fotoquímicas e por último a análise de infravermelho. Os resultados mostram que amostras são constituídas por taninos hidrolisáveis também flavonoides, do grupo dos flavonóis e dos dihidroflavonois além de glicosídeos cardiotônicos, que são substâncias biologicamente ativas de interesse farmacológico. Através da espectroscopia no infravermelho do extrato bruto da Abelmoschus esculentus demonstrou-se características físico-químicas, nutritivas e funcionais. Portanto, os resultados apresentados neste estudo inicial sugerem que a Abelmoschus esculentus é uma espécie com grande potencial para estudos mais aprofundados e futura aplicação farmacológica., El Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) perteneciente a la familia Malvaceae, es una planta nativa de África e India y es parte de la dieta en varias partes del mundo. Las frutas tienen caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, vitamina C, ácido etanodioico y aminoácidos. Hay varias propiedades terapéuticas y nutricionales atribuidas a la okra. Así, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una prospección farmacognóstica y realizar la caracterización fisicoquímica de frutos de A. Esculentos. El estudio se realizó con los frutos de A.esculentos recolectados en la ciudad de Coelho Neto, Maranhão. La exsiccata se realizó y depositó en el Herbario de la Universidad Federal de Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), luego se obtuvo el extracto crudo, posteriormente. Se realizaron análisis farmacognósticos y fotoquímicos y, finalmente, análisis infrarrojo. Los resultados muestran que las muestras están constituidas por taninos hidrolizables también flavonoides, del grupo de flavonoles y dihidroflavonoides además de glucósidos cardiotónicos, que son sustancias biológicamente activas de interés farmacológico. Mediante espectroscopía infrarroja del extracto crudo de Abelmoschus esculentus, se demostraron características físico-químicas, nutricionales y funcionales. Por lo tanto, los resultados presentados en este estudio inicial sugieren que Abelmoschus esculentus es una especie con gran potencial para futuros estudios y futuras aplicaciones farmacológicas.
- Published
- 2020
7. Prospecção farmacognóstica e caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. esculentos
- Author
-
Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa, Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, and Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa
- Abstract
The Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) belonging to the Malvaceae family, is a plant native to Africa and India and is part of the diet in various parts of the world. The fruits have carotene, folic acid, vitamin B1, B2, B3, Vitamin C, ethanedioic acid and amino acids. There are several therapeutic and nutritional properties attributed to okra. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a pharmacognostic prospecting and to carry out the physico-chemical characterization of A. Esculentos fruits. The study was carried out with the fruits of A.esculentos collected in the city of Coelho Neto, Maranhão, The exsiccata was made and deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), afterwards the crude extract was obtained, subsequently pharmacognostic and photochemical analyzes were carried out and, finally, infrared analysis. The results show that samples are constituted by hydrolyzable tannins also flavonoids, from the group of flavonols and dihydroflavonoids in addition to cardiotonic glycosides, which are biologically active substances of pharmacological interest. Through infrared spectroscopy of the raw extract of Abelmoschus esculentus, physical-chemical, nutritional and functional characteristics were demonstrated. Therefore, the results presented in this initial study suggest that Abelmoschus esculentus is a species with great potential for further studies and future pharmacological application., O Abelmoschus esculentus (quiabo) pertencente à família Malvaceae, é uma planta nativa da África e da Índia e faz parte da dieta em várias partes do mundo. Os frutos apresentam caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, Vitamina C, ácido etanodioico e aminoácidos. Várias são as propriedades terapêuticas e nutricionais atribuídas ao quiabo. Dessa forma o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma prospecção farmacognóstica e realizar a caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. Esculentos. O estudo foi realizado com os frutos de A.esculentos coletados na cidade de Coelho Neto, Maranhão, A exsicata foi confeccionada e depositada no Herbário da Universidade Federal do Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), em seguida foi realizada a obtenção do extrato bruto, posteriormente foram realizadas as análises farmacognósticas e fotoquímicas e por último a análise de infravermelho. Os resultados mostram que amostras são constituídas por taninos hidrolisáveis também flavonoides, do grupo dos flavonóis e dos dihidroflavonois além de glicosídeos cardiotônicos, que são substâncias biologicamente ativas de interesse farmacológico. Através da espectroscopia no infravermelho do extrato bruto da Abelmoschus esculentus demonstrou-se características físico-químicas, nutritivas e funcionais. Portanto, os resultados apresentados neste estudo inicial sugerem que a Abelmoschus esculentus é uma espécie com grande potencial para estudos mais aprofundados e futura aplicação farmacológica., El Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) perteneciente a la familia Malvaceae, es una planta nativa de África e India y es parte de la dieta en varias partes del mundo. Las frutas tienen caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, vitamina C, ácido etanodioico y aminoácidos. Hay varias propiedades terapéuticas y nutricionales atribuidas a la okra. Así, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una prospección farmacognóstica y realizar la caracterización fisicoquímica de frutos de A. Esculentos. El estudio se realizó con los frutos de A.esculentos recolectados en la ciudad de Coelho Neto, Maranhão. La exsiccata se realizó y depositó en el Herbario de la Universidad Federal de Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), luego se obtuvo el extracto crudo, posteriormente. Se realizaron análisis farmacognósticos y fotoquímicos y, finalmente, análisis infrarrojo. Los resultados muestran que las muestras están constituidas por taninos hidrolizables también flavonoides, del grupo de flavonoles y dihidroflavonoides además de glucósidos cardiotónicos, que son sustancias biológicamente activas de interés farmacológico. Mediante espectroscopía infrarroja del extracto crudo de Abelmoschus esculentus, se demostraron características físico-químicas, nutricionales y funcionales. Por lo tanto, los resultados presentados en este estudio inicial sugieren que Abelmoschus esculentus es una especie con gran potencial para futuros estudios y futuras aplicaciones farmacológicas.
- Published
- 2020
8. Aumento en la producción de okra con la adición de nitrógeno
- Author
-
Coutinho Miranda, Valdilene, Pascual Reyes, Irais Dolores, Torquato Tavares, Aline, Gonçalves Carline, João Victor, Silva Sousa, Kássio Abel, Rodrigues Nascimento, Ildon, Coutinho Miranda, Valdilene, Pascual Reyes, Irais Dolores, Torquato Tavares, Aline, Gonçalves Carline, João Victor, Silva Sousa, Kássio Abel, and Rodrigues Nascimento, Ildon
- Abstract
Introduction. The growth, production, and quality of the okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) are related to the application of fertilizers with nitrogen (N) being the most prominent, due to the direct relationship with photosynthesis and vegetative growth of the plant. Objective. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and productivity characteristics of the okra based on the dose of N. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the experimental area Campus Gurupi, of the Universidad Federal de Tocantins (UFT), in two planting periods (autumn/winter and spring/summer). The experimental design used was randomized blocks (DBC) with six treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg N ha-1) and four repetitions. Urea was used as a source of N. The characteristics evaluated were: productivity, average fruit mass, height and chlorophyll index of the plant. Results. The productivity and height of the plant were higher in the autumn/winter crop. The average mass and chlorophyll index were not influenced by the sowing period. For productivity a linear response was obtained, increasing the dose up to the limit of the dose of N used (250 kg ha-1), with an average value higher than 14 t of fruit. The mean mass and plant height responded linearly to the increase in the dose of N. Nitrogen affected the chlorophyll index, with maximum values of 45.96 and 47.19, observed in the two evaluation periods. Conclusion. The sowing season and the N content in the soil interacted with the height of the plant, being favorable in the period when there was no precipitation. N influenced all characteristics, demonstrating the importance of nitrogen fertilization development okra plants., Introducción. El crecimiento, la producción y la calidad de okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) están relacionados con la aplicación de fertilizantes, siendo el nitrógeno (N) el que más destaca, debido a la relación directa con la fotosíntesis y crecimiento vegetativo de la planta. Objetivo. El objetivo fue evaluar las características agronómicas y de productividad de okra en función de la dosis de N. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en el área experimental Campus Gurupi, de la Universidad Federal de Tocantins (UFT), Brasil, en dos períodos de siembra (otoño/invierno y primavera/verano). El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloques al azar (DBC), con seis tratamientos (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 y 250 kg N ha-1) y cuatro repeticiones. Se utilizó urea como fuente de N. Las características evaluadas fueron: productividad, masa media del fruto, altura e índice de clorofila de la planta. Resultados. La productividad y la altura de la planta resultaron superiores en el cultivo de otoño/invierno. La masa media e índice de clorofila no sufrieron influencia por el período de siembra. Para la productividad, se obtuvo una respuesta lineal en aumento de la dosis hasta el límite de la dosis de N utilizada (250 kg ha-1), con valor medio superior a 14 t de fruto. La masa media y la altura de la planta respondieron linealmente al aumento de la dosis de N. El nitrógeno afectó el índice de clorofila, con valores máximos de 45,96 y 47,19, observados en los dos periodos de evaluación. Conclusión. La época de siembra y el contenido de N en el suelo interactuaron con la altura de la planta, siendo favorable en el periodo que no hubo precipitación. El N influyó en todas las características, lo que demuestra la importancia de la fertilización nitrogenada en el desarrollo de las plantas de okra.
- Published
- 2020
9. Prospecção farmacognóstica e caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. esculentos
- Author
-
Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa, Benoliel Vasconcelos, Anna Carmela Araujo, Santos, Joao Batista dos, Silva, Alan Rodrigues da, Pereira Junior, José Lopes, Costa, Mateus Henrique de Almeida da, Nunes, Maria Hillana, Morais, Iala Thais de Sousa, Sousa, Lucas de Freitas Leite de, Gonçalves, José Nilton de Araújo, Pires, Yara Maria da Silva, Santos, Rômulo Barros dos, and Rodrigues, Jairelda Sousa
- Abstract
The Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) belonging to the Malvaceae family, is a plant native to Africa and India and is part of the diet in various parts of the world. The fruits have carotene, folic acid, vitamin B1, B2, B3, Vitamin C, ethanedioic acid and amino acids. There are several therapeutic and nutritional properties attributed to okra. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a pharmacognostic prospecting and to carry out the physico-chemical characterization of A. Esculentos fruits. The study was carried out with the fruits of A.esculentos collected in the city of Coelho Neto, Maranhão, The exsiccata was made and deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), afterwards the crude extract was obtained, subsequently pharmacognostic and photochemical analyzes were carried out and, finally, infrared analysis. The results show that samples are constituted by hydrolyzable tannins also flavonoids, from the group of flavonols and dihydroflavonoids in addition to cardiotonic glycosides, which are biologically active substances of pharmacological interest. Through infrared spectroscopy of the raw extract of Abelmoschus esculentus, physical-chemical, nutritional and functional characteristics were demonstrated. Therefore, the results presented in this initial study suggest that Abelmoschus esculentus is a species with great potential for further studies and future pharmacological application., O Abelmoschus esculentus (quiabo) pertencente à família Malvaceae, é uma planta nativa da África e da Índia e faz parte da dieta em várias partes do mundo. Os frutos apresentam caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, Vitamina C, ácido etanodioico e aminoácidos. Várias são as propriedades terapêuticas e nutricionais atribuídas ao quiabo. Dessa forma o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma prospecção farmacognóstica e realizar a caracterização fisico-química de frutos de A. Esculentos. O estudo foi realizado com os frutos de A.esculentos coletados na cidade de Coelho Neto, Maranhão, A exsicata foi confeccionada e depositada no Herbário da Universidade Federal do Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), em seguida foi realizada a obtenção do extrato bruto, posteriormente foram realizadas as análises farmacognósticas e fotoquímicas e por último a análise de infravermelho. Os resultados mostram que amostras são constituídas por taninos hidrolisáveis também flavonoides, do grupo dos flavonóis e dos dihidroflavonois além de glicosídeos cardiotônicos, que são substâncias biologicamente ativas de interesse farmacológico. Através da espectroscopia no infravermelho do extrato bruto da Abelmoschus esculentus demonstrou-se características físico-químicas, nutritivas e funcionais. Portanto, os resultados apresentados neste estudo inicial sugerem que a Abelmoschus esculentus é uma espécie com grande potencial para estudos mais aprofundados e futura aplicação farmacológica., El Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) perteneciente a la familia Malvaceae, es una planta nativa de África e India y es parte de la dieta en varias partes del mundo. Las frutas tienen caroteno, ácido fólico, vitamina B1, B2, B3, vitamina C, ácido etanodioico y aminoácidos. Hay varias propiedades terapéuticas y nutricionales atribuidas a la okra. Así, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una prospección farmacognóstica y realizar la caracterización fisicoquímica de frutos de A. Esculentos. El estudio se realizó con los frutos de A.esculentos recolectados en la ciudad de Coelho Neto, Maranhão. La exsiccata se realizó y depositó en el Herbario de la Universidad Federal de Piauí Graziela Barroso (TEPB), luego se obtuvo el extracto crudo, posteriormente. Se realizaron análisis farmacognósticos y fotoquímicos y, finalmente, análisis infrarrojo. Los resultados muestran que las muestras están constituidas por taninos hidrolizables también flavonoides, del grupo de flavonoles y dihidroflavonoides además de glucósidos cardiotónicos, que son sustancias biológicamente activas de interés farmacológico. Mediante espectroscopía infrarroja del extracto crudo de Abelmoschus esculentus, se demostraron características físico-químicas, nutricionales y funcionales. Por lo tanto, los resultados presentados en este estudio inicial sugieren que Abelmoschus esculentus es una especie con gran potencial para futuros estudios y futuras aplicaciones farmacológicas.
- Published
- 2020
10. Mining of miRNAs using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data generated for Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
- Author
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Gupta, Rekha, Gayathri, M, Radhika, V, Pichaimuthu, M, Ravishankar, K V, Gupta, Rekha, Gayathri, M, Radhika, V, Pichaimuthu, M, and Ravishankar, K V
- Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules involved in theregulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Gene expression involves post-transcriptionalgene regulation by miRNAs. miRNAs are formed from precursor RNA molecules that fold intoa stem loop secondary structure. The mature miRNA is one end of the precursor miRNA,defined by the cut from ‘Drosha’ on either the 5’ or 3’ arm. In this study, we have used abioinformatics approach to identify miRNAs in 3,361 contigs obtained from partial genomesequence data of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) sequenced by NGS technology. Using C-miiand psRNA Target tools, we identified two miRNAs and their target RNAs for which a regulatorymiRNA binding has been verified. Their targets consisted of transcription factors involved ingrowth and development, gene regulation and metabolism. Phylogenetic analysis of the newlyidentified miRNA family has been done to compare their level of conservation with respect tothe other members of the plant kingdom.
- Published
- 2018
11. Mining of miRNAs using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data generated for Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
- Author
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Gupta, Rekha, Gayathri, M, Radhika, V, Pichaimuthu, M, Ravishankar, K V, Gupta, Rekha, Gayathri, M, Radhika, V, Pichaimuthu, M, and Ravishankar, K V
- Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules involved in theregulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Gene expression involves post-transcriptionalgene regulation by miRNAs. miRNAs are formed from precursor RNA molecules that fold intoa stem loop secondary structure. The mature miRNA is one end of the precursor miRNA,defined by the cut from ‘Drosha’ on either the 5’ or 3’ arm. In this study, we have used abioinformatics approach to identify miRNAs in 3,361 contigs obtained from partial genomesequence data of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) sequenced by NGS technology. Using C-miiand psRNA Target tools, we identified two miRNAs and their target RNAs for which a regulatorymiRNA binding has been verified. Their targets consisted of transcription factors involved ingrowth and development, gene regulation and metabolism. Phylogenetic analysis of the newlyidentified miRNA family has been done to compare their level of conservation with respect tothe other members of the plant kingdom.
- Published
- 2018
12. Ocorrência de Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em quiabeiro no Estado do Acre
- Author
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Souza Santos, Rodrigo, Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Ana Lúcia, Souza Santos, Rodrigo, and Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Ana Lúcia
- Abstract
Mealybugs are sap-sucking insects that cause weakening of plants, fruit drop, and act as vectors of pathogens and favor the occurrence of sooty mold which decreases in the photosynthetic capacity of plants. The species Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is a polyphagous species and has been reported in cultivated, ornamental plants, vegetables and weeds. In the present study, the mealybug P. solenopsis was reported in okra culture in the county of Rio Branco, state of Acre, Brazil. Samples of mealybug were collected in cultivated okra plants in urban garden in March 2015. It was observed that the infestation of the mealybug occurred in terminal buds, stems and fruits of these plants. It is noteworthy that this is the first report of occurrence and infestation of P. solenopsis in Acre state., As cochonilhas são insetos sugadores de seiva que causam enfraquecimento das plantas, queda de frutos, além de atuarem como vetores de fitopatógenos e favorecerem a ocorrência da fumagina, que por sua vez diminui a capacidade fotossintética das plantas. A espécie Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley é uma espécie polífaga e relatada em plantas cultivadas, ornamentais, hortaliças e espécies daninhas. No presente estudo, registrou-se a ocorrência da cochonilha P. solenopsis na cultura do quiabeiro no município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre, Brasil. Exemplares da cochonilha foram coletados em plantas de quiabeiro cultivados em horta urbana em março de 2015. Observou-se que a infestação da cochonilha ocorreu em brotos terminais, caules e frutos dessa malvácea. Ressalta-se ser esse o primeiro relato de ocorrência e infestação de P. solenopsis em quiabeiro no estado do Acre.
- Published
- 2017
13. Bio-efficacy of bifenthrin 8 SC against shoot and fruit borer and red spidermite of okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench
- Author
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Roy, Kusal, Rathod, Arun, Devi, M. Soniya, Roy, Kusal, Rathod, Arun, and Devi, M. Soniya
- Abstract
A field study was conducted to evaluate the relative bio-efficacy of bifenthrin 8 SC @60g, 80g, 100g,120g, 140g a.i./ha against shoot and fruit borer and red spider mite of okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench cv. OH -152 at the Central Research Farm of BCKV, Nadia, West Bengal, for two consecutive seasons. Cypermethrin10 EC @70g a.i./ha and dicofol 18.5 EC @500g a.i./ha were used as standard treated check in the experiment. Population of beneficial insects like spider, predatory mites and Braconid parasitoid were also recorded during the time of observation on pests’ infestation. Among treatments, bifenthrin 8 SC @ 100 to 140g a.i./ha was found significantly(p?0.05) superior over treated check cypermethrin 10 EC @ 70g a.i./ha and dicofol 18.5 EC @ 500g a.i./ha tobring down Earias vittella and red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) population, respectively, on okra. Bifenthrin 8SC @ 140g a.i./ha recorded maximum fruit yield (82.3 q/ha during kharif 2012 and 53.1q/ha during rabi 2012-13) ofokra. Also, foliar application of bifenthrin 8 SC did not reveal any significant (p?0.05) adverse effect on population of spider, predatory mite and Braconid parasitoid in okra crop ecosystem. These findings will facilitate the selection of bifenthrin 8 SC as an effective acaro-insecticides for effective control of shoot and fruit borer and red spider mite of okra.
- Published
- 2017
14. First reports of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus and Okra yellow crinkle virus associated with okra leaf curl disease in Côte d'Ivoire
- Author
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Seka, Koutoua, Ouattara, Alassane, Assiri, K.P., Kra, K.D., Hoareau, Murielle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Atta Diallo, H., Lett, Jean-Michel, Seka, Koutoua, Ouattara, Alassane, Assiri, K.P., Kra, K.D., Hoareau, Murielle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Atta Diallo, H., and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Published
- 2016
15. First reports of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus and Okra yellow crinkle virus associated with okra leaf curl disease in Côte d'Ivoire
- Author
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Seka, Koutoua, Ouattara, Alassane, Assiri, Kouamé Patrice, Kra, K.D., Hoareau, Murielle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Atta Diallo, H., Lett, Jean-Michel, Seka, Koutoua, Ouattara, Alassane, Assiri, Kouamé Patrice, Kra, K.D., Hoareau, Murielle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Atta Diallo, H., and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Published
- 2016
16. Combining ability studies for yield and contributing traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)
- Author
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Verma, Arti, Sood, Sonia, Singh, Yudhvir, Verma, Arti, Sood, Sonia, and Singh, Yudhvir
- Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to identify desirable parents and F1 hybrids in okra by involving eight diverse parents in a diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. Genotypes i.e., P-20 and VRO-4 for earliness; 9801 for first fruit producing node (-0.085), internodal length (-0.659) and fruit length (0.201); HU for average fruit weight (0.603); Tulsi-I for nodes per plant (0.429), fruit length (0.271) and plant height (12.068) were found good general combiners appeared to be worthy of exploitation in future breeding. It is suggested that involving these lines, new genotypes may be developed through multiple crossing for isolating high yielding varieties. The cross combinations VRO-4 × HU, Tulsi-I × SKBS-11, P-20 × Tulsi-I and P-8 × Tulsi-I showed high SCA effects as well as per se performance for yield per plant. The crosses showing high SCA effects and per se performance for yield per plant suggested that these hybrids may be exploited in further breeding programme.
- Published
- 2016
17. Genetic variability studies for yield and its contributing traits in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
- Author
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Sharma, Pravin Kumar, Mishra, D. P., Pandey, Amit, Sharma, Pravin Kumar, Mishra, D. P., and Pandey, Amit
- Abstract
The experiment comprising 30 okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes were grown and analysed for yield and its attributing traits at the Department of Vegetable science, Kumarganj, Faizabad during Zaid (2011) period. All the characters studied showed a wide range of variation. The variability for yield among the accessionsevaluated was also remarkable. The magnitude phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits. Both phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for plant height (11.10 and 10.60, respectively). Fruit weight exhibited low value of GCV (2.31) and PCV (4.74) and likely to show less response under selection. High heritability (91.3) with high genetic advance (26.74) was recorded for plant height, whereas, ridges per fruit had high heritability (97.0) with moderate genetic advance (18.45). This study aimed to evaluate okra genotypes for variability with a view to providing information on the development of high yielding genotypes to meet the growing food demand of the populace.
- Published
- 2016
18. Actions via les auxiliaires. Approche systémique de l'intensification écologique pour le contrôle des bio-agresseurs
- Author
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Ratnadass, Alain and Ratnadass, Alain
- Published
- 2014
19. Actions via les auxiliaires. Approche systémique de l'intensification écologique pour le contrôle des bio-agresseurs
- Author
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Ratnadass, Alain and Ratnadass, Alain
- Published
- 2014
20. Studies on Inheritance of Geneic Male Sterility (GMS) and Hybrid Seed Production in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.]
- Author
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Pitchaimuthu, M, Dutta, O P, Swamy, K R M, Pitchaimuthu, M, Dutta, O P, and Swamy, K R M
- Abstract
Inheritance of geneic male sterility in GMS line MS-1 of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.] was studied using F1, F2 and test-cross generations of crosses between GMS line MS-1 and normal fertile genotypes, and the varieties Arka Anamika, Parbhani Kranti, Arka Abhay, IIHR-108-1-31, IIHR-109-20-6, IIHR-116-23-6, IIHR- 180-6-3, IIHR-161-10-1 and IIHR-130-2-10. All the F1 were found fertile. Segregation of pollen fertility in F2 and test - cross generations involving ms1 was segregated in the ratio 1 fertile: 1 sterile, respectively. This indicated that GMS trait in the line is controlled by a single recessive gene (ms1ms1). Large-scale F1 hybrid seed production in okra becomes rather slow due to the tedious hand-emasculation, followed by hand-pollination, incurring additional labour and cost of F1 seed production. In comparison to fertile lines, this saves approximately 70% time and manual labour. Use of Geneic Male Sterile (GMS) line MS-1 can make F1 hybrid seed production in okra easy and more economical compared to hand-emasculation.
- Published
- 2012
21. Studies on Inheritance of Geneic Male Sterility (GMS) and Hybrid Seed Production in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.]
- Author
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Pitchaimuthu, M, Dutta, O P, Swamy, K R M, Pitchaimuthu, M, Dutta, O P, and Swamy, K R M
- Abstract
Inheritance of geneic male sterility in GMS line MS-1 of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.] was studied using F1, F2 and test-cross generations of crosses between GMS line MS-1 and normal fertile genotypes, and the varieties Arka Anamika, Parbhani Kranti, Arka Abhay, IIHR-108-1-31, IIHR-109-20-6, IIHR-116-23-6, IIHR- 180-6-3, IIHR-161-10-1 and IIHR-130-2-10. All the F1 were found fertile. Segregation of pollen fertility in F2 and test - cross generations involving ms1 was segregated in the ratio 1 fertile: 1 sterile, respectively. This indicated that GMS trait in the line is controlled by a single recessive gene (ms1ms1). Large-scale F1 hybrid seed production in okra becomes rather slow due to the tedious hand-emasculation, followed by hand-pollination, incurring additional labour and cost of F1 seed production. In comparison to fertile lines, this saves approximately 70% time and manual labour. Use of Geneic Male Sterile (GMS) line MS-1 can make F1 hybrid seed production in okra easy and more economical compared to hand-emasculation.
- Published
- 2012
22. Enrichment of various metals in Abelmoschus esculentus grown in wastewater irrigated soil area of Dehradun city, India
- Author
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Pathak, Chakresh, Chopra, A. K., Srivastava, Sachin, Pathak, Chakresh, Chopra, A. K., and Srivastava, Sachin
- Abstract
The accumulation of metal contents in soil from wastewater (WW) irrigation is a cause of serious concern due to their potential accumulation in vegetables and food products growing in such areas. The results revealed the concentration of Pb (0.17±0.03 mg/l), Cu (0.10±0.04 mg/l), Zn (1.06±0.08 mg/l), Ni (0.08±0.02 mg/l), Cd (0.07±0.02 mg/l) and Cr (0.07±0.02 mg/l) in the WW of Bindal river used for irrigation of Abelmoschus esculentus. The maximum metal contents were observed for Pb (43.89±6.13 mg/kg), Cu (20.92±3.19 mg/kg), Zn (46.77±6.51 mg/kg), Ni (39.95±8.02 mg/kg), Cd (15.57±2.17 mg/kg) and Cr (125.70±23.01 mg/kg). The enrichment factors (EF) in WW irrigated soil were found to be in the order of Cd (2.46) > Cr (2.42) > Zn (1.67) > Cu (1.36) = Ni (1.36) > Pb (1.31). The concentration of Pb was maximum (57.99±1.54 mg/kg) in roots, Cu (33.91±2.13 mg/kg) in the leaves; Zn (81.70±2.99 mg/kg) in roots, Ni (86.10±3.19 mg/kg) in stem; Cd (20.39±1.99 mg/kg) and Cr (76.78±3.04 mg/kg) in leaves of A. esculentus. The EF values of 2-5 for Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd and Cr except Zn for fruits, leaves and roots of A. esculentus showed moderate enrichment of these metals. The values for Cd and Cr showed moderate enrichment of the stem of this plant. The study concluded that the WW irrigation increased the metallic contents of soil, which in turn were accumulated in different parts of A. esculentus that may cause potential health risk in human beings.
- Published
- 2012
23. Développement de la méthodologie d'étude de l'implantation optimale de plantes-pièges pour la régulation des infestations et dégâts des ravageurs des cultures maraîchères en Afrique sahélienne
- Author
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Zakari-Moussa, Ousmane, Ratnadass, Alain, Yabo, O., Katiella Liman, A., Salha, Halarou, Grechi, Isabelle, Ryckewaert, Philippe, Kumar, S., Pasternak, Dov, Zakari-Moussa, Ousmane, Ratnadass, Alain, Yabo, O., Katiella Liman, A., Salha, Halarou, Grechi, Isabelle, Ryckewaert, Philippe, Kumar, S., and Pasternak, Dov
- Abstract
Dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, l'lCRISAT ct ses partenaires au Niger, particulièrement l'AVRDC (World Vegetable Center) et la Fédération des Coopératives Mamie hères du Niger (FCMN-Niya) promeuvent des systèmes de culture maraîchers économes en eau, soit à base d'irrigation goutte-à-goutte comme le Jardin Potager Africain, soit à base d'infiltration des eaux de pluie comme le système de Biorécupération des Terres Dégradées. Les cultures de tomate et de gombo y subissant d'importants dégâts d'insectes ravageurs, le CIRAD, l'Université Abdou moumouni de Niamey et l'INRAN cherchent des moyens de minimiser ces dégâts et l'utilisation des pesticides de Synthèse, avec une approche agroécologique, fondée notamment sur l'utilisation de plantes-pièges. Des essais ont ainsi été conduits à cette fin de 2008 à 2010 sur la station de l'ICRISAT à Sadoré, en appui à d'autres études menées parallèlement sur la station de l'INRAN à Birni N'Konni. Ils ont notamment impliquées piégeages d'insectes (pièges lumineux, pièges jaunes, pièges à phéromones), des suivis de développement et de phénologie des cultures et plantes-pièges. Bien que la pression de la noctuelle Helicoverpa armigera (principal ravageur de la tomate et du gombo) ait été faible au niveau des essais conduits à Sadoré, des résultats intéressants ont été obtenus, apportant un nouvel éclairage d'une part sur la définition de stratégies de lutte: détermination de la pertinence de la recherche d'effets "barrière" et/ou du recours à des répulsifs en complément de l'effet attractif de plantes-pièges, dans une approche de type "push-pull assisté". D'autre part, ces résultats contribuent à l'optimisation des modalités d'implantation spatio-temporelle de plantes-pièges par rapport aux cultures à protéger, et au développement de la méthodologie d'étude surtout par rapport à l'intérêt de l'infestation artificielle en cas de faible pression de ravageurs.
- Published
- 2011
24. La maladie de l'enroulement foliaire du gombo au Burkina Faso : Impact sur le rendement et diversité moléculaire des bégomovirus et ADNs satellites associés
- Author
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Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, Lett, Jean-Michel, Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Abstract
Le gombo (Abelmoschus esculentus, Malvaceae) est une plante légumière originaire d'Afrique de première importance pour sa richesse en vitamines et en sels minéraux. Cependant, la maladie de l'enroulement foliaire du gombo (OLCD) constitue une contrainte majeure pour sa production dans les régions tropicales. L'impact de la maladie a été évalué au Burkina Faso pour quatre accessions du cultivar local 'Man Yanga' et quatre cultivars commerciaux (Clemson spineless, Indiana, Lima et Volta) au champ en 2007 et 2008 (Tiendrébéogo et al., Crop Protection, 2010). Il résulte une très forte incidence et sévérité de la maladie observées chez les accessions du cultivar local (respectivement 69-73% et 58%) comparativement aux cultivars commerciaux (respectivement 9-16% et 40%). De plus, l'impact de la maladie sur le rendement (nombre de fruits par plante, longueur, diamètre et poids du fruit) a été étudié, nous amenant au constat suivant : des pertes de rendement significativement plus importantes ont été observées pour le cultivar local (26-55%) comparativement aux cultivars commerciaux (4,4-9,6%) Les pertes économiques moyennes à l'hectare ont été estimées à 11100 et 1950 dollars, respectivement chez le cultivar local et les cultivars commerciaux. Notre étude agronomique a permis de démontrer l'impact négatif de l'OLCD sur la production du gombo au Burkina Faso, la sensibilité du cultivar local et l'intérêt de diffuser du matériel amélioré. La collecte de feuilles de gombo symptomatiques réalisée dans les grandes régions productrices du gombo au Burkina Faso a permis de diagnostiquer la présence d'un bégomovirus monopartite associé à un complexe d'ADN satellites (Tiendrébéogo et al., Virology Journal, 2010). Vingt-trois génomes complets d'isolats du Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGV) ont été clonés et séquencés. Dans un même temps, six betasatellites correspondant au Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGB), un alphasatellite variant du Cotton leaf curl Gezira alphas
- Published
- 2011
25. Développement de la méthodologie d'étude de l'implantation optimale de plantes-pièges pour la régulation des infestations et dégâts des ravageurs des cultures maraîchères en Afrique sahélienne
- Author
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Zakari-Moussa, Ousmane, Ratnadass, Alain, Yabo, O., Katiella Liman, A., Salha, Halarou, Grechi, Isabelle, Ryckewaert, Philippe, Kumar, S., Pasternak, Dov, Zakari-Moussa, Ousmane, Ratnadass, Alain, Yabo, O., Katiella Liman, A., Salha, Halarou, Grechi, Isabelle, Ryckewaert, Philippe, Kumar, S., and Pasternak, Dov
- Abstract
Dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, l'lCRISAT ct ses partenaires au Niger, particulièrement l'AVRDC (World Vegetable Center) et la Fédération des Coopératives Mamie hères du Niger (FCMN-Niya) promeuvent des systèmes de culture maraîchers économes en eau, soit à base d'irrigation goutte-à-goutte comme le Jardin Potager Africain, soit à base d'infiltration des eaux de pluie comme le système de Biorécupération des Terres Dégradées. Les cultures de tomate et de gombo y subissant d'importants dégâts d'insectes ravageurs, le CIRAD, l'Université Abdou moumouni de Niamey et l'INRAN cherchent des moyens de minimiser ces dégâts et l'utilisation des pesticides de Synthèse, avec une approche agroécologique, fondée notamment sur l'utilisation de plantes-pièges. Des essais ont ainsi été conduits à cette fin de 2008 à 2010 sur la station de l'ICRISAT à Sadoré, en appui à d'autres études menées parallèlement sur la station de l'INRAN à Birni N'Konni. Ils ont notamment impliquées piégeages d'insectes (pièges lumineux, pièges jaunes, pièges à phéromones), des suivis de développement et de phénologie des cultures et plantes-pièges. Bien que la pression de la noctuelle Helicoverpa armigera (principal ravageur de la tomate et du gombo) ait été faible au niveau des essais conduits à Sadoré, des résultats intéressants ont été obtenus, apportant un nouvel éclairage d'une part sur la définition de stratégies de lutte: détermination de la pertinence de la recherche d'effets "barrière" et/ou du recours à des répulsifs en complément de l'effet attractif de plantes-pièges, dans une approche de type "push-pull assisté". D'autre part, ces résultats contribuent à l'optimisation des modalités d'implantation spatio-temporelle de plantes-pièges par rapport aux cultures à protéger, et au développement de la méthodologie d'étude surtout par rapport à l'intérêt de l'infestation artificielle en cas de faible pression de ravageurs.
- Published
- 2011
26. La maladie de l'enroulement foliaire du gombo au Burkina Faso : Impact sur le rendement et diversité moléculaire des bégomovirus et ADNs satellites associés
- Author
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Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, Lett, Jean-Michel, Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Abstract
Le gombo (Abelmoschus esculentus, Malvaceae) est une plante légumière originaire d'Afrique de première importance pour sa richesse en vitamines et en sels minéraux. Cependant, la maladie de l'enroulement foliaire du gombo (OLCD) constitue une contrainte majeure pour sa production dans les régions tropicales. L'impact de la maladie a été évalué au Burkina Faso pour quatre accessions du cultivar local 'Man Yanga' et quatre cultivars commerciaux (Clemson spineless, Indiana, Lima et Volta) au champ en 2007 et 2008 (Tiendrébéogo et al., Crop Protection, 2010). Il résulte une très forte incidence et sévérité de la maladie observées chez les accessions du cultivar local (respectivement 69-73% et 58%) comparativement aux cultivars commerciaux (respectivement 9-16% et 40%). De plus, l'impact de la maladie sur le rendement (nombre de fruits par plante, longueur, diamètre et poids du fruit) a été étudié, nous amenant au constat suivant : des pertes de rendement significativement plus importantes ont été observées pour le cultivar local (26-55%) comparativement aux cultivars commerciaux (4,4-9,6%) Les pertes économiques moyennes à l'hectare ont été estimées à 11100 et 1950 dollars, respectivement chez le cultivar local et les cultivars commerciaux. Notre étude agronomique a permis de démontrer l'impact négatif de l'OLCD sur la production du gombo au Burkina Faso, la sensibilité du cultivar local et l'intérêt de diffuser du matériel amélioré. La collecte de feuilles de gombo symptomatiques réalisée dans les grandes régions productrices du gombo au Burkina Faso a permis de diagnostiquer la présence d'un bégomovirus monopartite associé à un complexe d'ADN satellites (Tiendrébéogo et al., Virology Journal, 2010). Vingt-trois génomes complets d'isolats du Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGV) ont été clonés et séquencés. Dans un même temps, six betasatellites correspondant au Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGB), un alphasatellite variant du Cotton leaf curl Gezira alphas
- Published
- 2011
27. Molecular diversity of cotton leaf curl Gezira virus isolates and their satellite DNAs associated with okra leaf curl disease in Burkina Faso
- Author
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Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, Lett, Jean-Michel, Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Abstract
Okra leaf curl disease (OLCD) is a major constraint on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) production and is widespread in Africa. Using a large number of samples representative of the major growing regions in Burkina Faso (BF), we show that the disease is associated with a monopartite begomovirus and satellite DNA complexes. Twenty-three complete genomic sequences of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGV) isolates associated with OLCD, sharing 95 to 99% nucleotide identity, were cloned and sequenced. Six betasatellite and four alphasatellite (DNA-1) molecules were also characterized. The six isolates of betasatellite associated with CLCuGV isolates correspond to Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGB) (88 to 98% nucleotide identity). One isolate of alphasatellite is a variant of Cotton leaf curl Gezira alphasatellite (CLCuGA) (89% nucleotide identity), whereas the three others isolates appear to correspond to a new species of alphasatellite (CLCuGA most similar sequence present 52 to 60% nucleotide identity), provisionally named Okra leaf curl Burkina Faso alphasatellite (OLCBFA). Recombination analysis of the viruses demonstrated the interspecies recombinant origin of all CLCuGV isolates, with parents being close to Hollyhock leaf crumple virus (AY036009) and Tomato leaf curl Diana virus (AM701765). Combined with the presence of satellites DNA, these results highlight the complexity of begomoviruses associated with OLCD.
- Published
- 2010
28. Molecular diversity of cotton leaf curl Gezira virus isolates and their satellite DNAs associated with okra leaf curl disease in Burkina Faso
- Author
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Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, Lett, Jean-Michel, Tiendrebeogo, Fidèle, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Hoareau, Murielle, Villemot, Julie, Konaté, Gnissa, Traoré, Alfred S., Barro, Nicolas, Traore, Valentin S.E., Reynaud, Bernard, Traoré, Oumar, and Lett, Jean-Michel
- Abstract
Okra leaf curl disease (OLCD) is a major constraint on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) production and is widespread in Africa. Using a large number of samples representative of the major growing regions in Burkina Faso (BF), we show that the disease is associated with a monopartite begomovirus and satellite DNA complexes. Twenty-three complete genomic sequences of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGV) isolates associated with OLCD, sharing 95 to 99% nucleotide identity, were cloned and sequenced. Six betasatellite and four alphasatellite (DNA-1) molecules were also characterized. The six isolates of betasatellite associated with CLCuGV isolates correspond to Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGB) (88 to 98% nucleotide identity). One isolate of alphasatellite is a variant of Cotton leaf curl Gezira alphasatellite (CLCuGA) (89% nucleotide identity), whereas the three others isolates appear to correspond to a new species of alphasatellite (CLCuGA most similar sequence present 52 to 60% nucleotide identity), provisionally named Okra leaf curl Burkina Faso alphasatellite (OLCBFA). Recombination analysis of the viruses demonstrated the interspecies recombinant origin of all CLCuGV isolates, with parents being close to Hollyhock leaf crumple virus (AY036009) and Tomato leaf curl Diana virus (AM701765). Combined with the presence of satellites DNA, these results highlight the complexity of begomoviruses associated with OLCD.
- Published
- 2010
29. Insecticide gebruik in Oker, Sopropo en Kouseband in Suriname : Resultaten van een enquête onder 23 telers
- Author
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de Putter, H., van Sauers-Muller, A., de Putter, H., and van Sauers-Muller, A.
- Abstract
Dit onderzoek vindt plaats in het kader van het Surituinproject. Doel van het project is de bevordering van export van Surinaamse groenten. In Nederland is een vraag naar groenten aanwezig die specifiek uit Suriname komen. Belangrijke export groentegewassen zijn Sopropo, Momordica charantia, oker, Hibiscus esculentus en kouseband. Door het ontbreken van eencontinue aanvoer en transportverliezen verloopt de export naar Nederland niet optimaal
- Published
- 2007
30. La biodiversité, un nouveau gombo ?
- Author
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Lescuyer, Guillaume and Lescuyer, Guillaume
- Abstract
La décentralisation de la gestion de l'environnement a permis depuis quelques années à des opérateurs privés d'établir avec des communautés autochtones des contrats privés de conservation de la biodiversité. Ces mécanismes de paiement direct pour le maintien des services environnementaux sont aujourd'hui promus par certaines ONG conservationnistes et font pendant à l'action publique de préservation des milieux naturels. Cette forme récente d'intervention en milieu rural suppose toutefois des modalités nouvelles d'organisation de l'action collective dans les communautés concernées. Après avoir passé en revue les mécanismes existants pour les espèces et les espaces à protéger, on s'interroge sur leur application potentielle en Afrique centrale et sur les risques qu'ils font courir à ces populations rurales d'une destructuration de leurs modes de vie.
- Published
- 2005
31. La biodiversité, un nouveau gombo ?
- Author
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Lescuyer, Guillaume and Lescuyer, Guillaume
- Abstract
La décentralisation de la gestion de l'environnement a permis depuis quelques années à des opérateurs privés d'établir avec des communautés autochtones des contrats privés de conservation de la biodiversité. Ces mécanismes de paiement direct pour le maintien des services environnementaux sont aujourd'hui promus par certaines ONG conservationnistes et font pendant à l'action publique de préservation des milieux naturels. Cette forme récente d'intervention en milieu rural suppose toutefois des modalités nouvelles d'organisation de l'action collective dans les communautés concernées. Après avoir passé en revue les mécanismes existants pour les espèces et les espaces à protéger, on s'interroge sur leur application potentielle en Afrique centrale et sur les risques qu'ils font courir à ces populations rurales d'une destructuration de leurs modes de vie.
- Published
- 2005
32. La culture du Gombo (Abelmoschus spp.), legume-fruit tropical (avec reference speciale a la Cote d'Ivoire)
- Author
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Ferwerda, J.D., Siemonsma, J.S., Ferwerda, J.D., and Siemonsma, J.S.
- Abstract
The data for this study have been gathered in Ivory Coast during the period 1977-1980.The first purpose of the study was a description of the traditional okra cultivation and, in particular, the evaluation of the local planting material in order to determine its potential for crop improvement.The second purpose of the programme was a study of the agronomic limitations in the case of intensive cultivation and in what ways such problems might be solved.The inventories of vegetables offered for sale in 18 important regional markets (cf. chapter 2) proved that okra is one of the most important fruit vegetables in Ivory Coast. The young fruits are sold either fresh or dried. Especially in the western part of the country okra is also an important leaf vegetable.The indigenous vegetables are traditionally grown in the fields of foodcrops. From the inventory of a large number of these fields in different parts of the country, it appeared that vegetable growing is particularly important in yam and groundnut fields. Yam and groundnut are usually grown at the beginning and at the end of the rotation respectively. In whatever region or type of field, okra is one of the most common plants in this mixed cropping.The popularity of this vegetable is even more clearly shown in the bibliographical data on vegetable consumption in Ivory Coast.Contrary to the ample bibliographical information on okra cultivation in the subtropics, much less is published on its cultivation in the tropics, especially in the (sub)equatorial zones. General recommendations for intensive cultivation in Ivory Coast have been embodied by SODEFEL ("Société de Développement de la Production des Fruits et Légumes").In our experimental programme, we have been able to study in detail the local planting material (chapter 4), the dry matter production and its distribution (chapter 5), ecological influences (chapter 6), the mineral nutrition (chapter 7), cultural practices (chapter 8), pests and diseases (chapter 9) a
- Published
- 1982
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