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Extended Range Munitions (ERMs) are gun-launched rocket-boosted munitions having an effective range over 27 km. In accordance with Sea power 21 and the Marine Corps's requirements for sea-based fire support, three ERMs are being developed. The purpose of this work is to increase the range and lethality of these munitions by applying environmental effects when computing the projectiles' trajectory. A broad review of artillery and munitions literature reveals that historically 66% of ballistic error can be attributed to meteorological factors. The most important factors are wind (speed and direction), temperature, and pressure. It has also been shown that global atmospheric numerical weather presictions (NWP) data typically outperforms the traditional radiosonde data and is suitable for use in ballistic corrections. Forecasted NWP products provided by the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanographic Center (FNMOC) are integrated using the Joint Meteorology and Oceanographic (METOC) Broker Language (JMBL) into a Five Degree of Freedom (5DOF) aerodynamic model within the Autonomous Unmanned Vehicle (AUV) Workbench producing a ballistic correction (BALCOR) for the munition. This new capability can significantly enhance naval gunfire effectiveness since the BALCOR increase the munitions' range and the ability apply kinetic energy onto the target rather than using it to maneuver to the target., http://archive.org/details/increasingrangen109452417, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

In this thesis, a multiple hypotheses tracking (MHT) algorithm is developed to successfully track multiple ballistic missiles within the boost phase. The success of previous work on the MHT algorithm and its application in other scientific fields enables this study to realize an efficient form of the algorithm and examine its feasibility in tracking multiple crossing ballistic missiles even though various accelerations due to staging are present. A framework is developed for the MHT, which includes a linear assignment problem approach used to search the measurement-to-contact association matrix for the set of exact N-best feasible hypotheses. To test the new MHT, an event in which multiple ballistic missiles have been launched and threaten the North American continent is considered. To aid in the interception and destruction of the threat far from their intended targets, the research focuses on the boost-phase portion of the missile flight. The near-simultaneous attacks are detected by a network of radar sensors positioned near the missile launch sites. Each sensor provides position reports or track files for the MHT routine to process. To quantify the performance of the algorithm, data from the National Air and Space Intelligence Center's IMPULSE ICBM model is used and demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. This is especially significant to the U.S. Missile Defense Agency since the IMPULSE model represents the cognizant analyst's accurate representation of the ballistic threats in a realistic environment. The results show that this new algorithm works exceptionally well in a realistic environment where complex interactions of missile staging, non-linear thrust profiles and sensor noise can significantly degrade the track algorithm performance especially in multiple target scenarios., http://archive.org/details/efficientmultipl109452624

Theater Ballistic Missile launching systems are vulnerable just after a missile is launched because the missile's track can be extrapolated backwards to the location of the launcher. The situation is similar to one where a submarine torpedoes a ship, thus creating a flaming datum near which ASW forces may concentrate a search for the submarine. This report describes how some simple analytic methods adapted from ASW can be applied to the task of locating the TBM launcher., Ballistic Missile Defense Office Washington, D.C., http://archive.org/details/tbmsflamingdatum00wash, PE1731804.1180, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Theater Ballistic Missile launching systems are vulnerable just after a missile is launched because the missile's track can be extrapolated backwards to the location of the launcher. The situation is similar to one where a submarine torpedoes a ship, thus creating a flaming datum near which ASW forces may concentrate a search for the submarine. This report describes how some simple analytic methods adapted from ASW can be applied to the task of locating the TBM launcher., Ballistic Missile Defense Office Washington, D.C., http://archive.org/details/tbmsflamingdatum00wash, PE1731804.1180, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Graphical computer simulations provide a means through which weapon prototyping and tactical evaluations can be conducted at low cost, without the risks associated with the movement of equipment and firing of weapons. Because of the widespread use of ballistic munitions in the armed forces, a fundamental aspect of the implementation of such military simulations is a physical model that governs ballistic behavior. The modified point-mass trajectory model is used to implement ballistic trajectories within NPSNET, a real-time, graphical, three-dimensional simulation. A parallel algorithm is used to simulate the visual characteristics of shrapnel-producing explosions. A special case of ballistic trajectories involves the application of indirect fires. When a projectile travels along a curved path to the target area, rather than being propelled directly along the line of sight, much greater ranges can be achieved. This makes it possible to fire upon an enemy without directly exposing the firing elements to harm. As a result of these increased ranges, it is generally not possible for the firing element to acquire its own targets. Thus, an additional player is required to represent this tactic in a virtual world: the forward observer. An expert system is presented that mimics the cognitive contributions of a human forward observer., http://archive.org/details/npsnetmodelingin1094538574, Captain, United States Army, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

The GFCS MK86 solves the ballistics problem for the 5"/54 gun iteratively utilizing table look-ups. Each ballistics parameter table is sub-divided two-dimensionally , corresponding to selected elevation and slant range intervals. The final value for each parameter is found by interpolating between parameter values evaluated at elevation angles which bracket the actual elevation angle. This thesis describes the method of determining the ballistics solution for AA cartesian ballistics. A description of the ballistics geometry and of the model utilized is presented, together with a FORTRAN simulation of the 2viK86 computer program and a listing of the ballistics tables used in this system., http://archive.org/details/descriptionndfor1094516554, Lieutenant, United States Navy, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.