Search

This paper aims to develop a framework for achieving effective Housing Ownership (HO) for Primary School Teachers (PST) in Bauchi Local Government, Nigeria. This paper adopted a quantitative research approach. Self-administered structured questionnaires collected information from 357 PST in Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi, Nigeria. A five-point Likert scale was employed to assess the responses more quickly. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data collected using SmartPLS 2 software. This study revealed that there should be a transparent process for qualifying for a housing loan by laying down less stringent processes that are easy to understand for low-income earners (LIEs). The HF institutions should also give room for more collateral options, such as a guarantee from the employer. It also revealed that there should be synergy between the finance institutions such as commercial banks, mortgage banks, private developers, and the LIEs from the inception of the finance design stage to accommodate the PST's requirements for housing ownership. The prime consumers of these research findings are the financial institutions. This will bulk up their performance and effectiveness toward housing finance accessibility and affordability to the LIEs, such as the PST in the study area. This research used the technology organisation environment theory, a multi-perspective theory, to evaluate the concepts of institutional, finance and beneficiaries' context concerning housing finance in Bauchi by conceptualising institutional context as effectiveness and performance, finance context as affordability and accessibility and beneficiaries' context as ownership.

This paper demonstrates the application of the inverse problem for calculating diffusion coefficient distribution into a porous cylindrical sample in a one-dimensional case. The work mainly aims to adapt a well-known diffusion equation with boundary conditions to obtain humidity profiles experimentally in porous samples. Empirical equations for diffusion coefficients according to humidity distribution are also reviewed. The main focus of this paper is concentrated on the proper interpretation of water vapour diffusion in coordinate and time dependencies. For this reason, the averaged quantities are introduced.

Language proficiency assessment is considered one of the most significant issues in the world. The paper investigates language acquisition and assessment and its adaptation to international standards with the application of ICT. Current international standards in the field of evaluation of language skills have been analysed. The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), used in Europe and more than 40 countries for language learning and assessment, has been extensively analysed. In the study, the IELTS and TOEFL exam systems designed according to this standard and widely used in many countries, as well as in our country, were investigated to assess the language proficiency of English language learners. The paper also highlights the current problems of studying and evaluating the Azerbaijani language. The role of the "National Curriculum" concept in teaching the Azerbaijani language has been investigated. The current state of the acquisition and assessment of the Azerbaijani language, its adaptation to modern requirements and the role of ICT in this field are shown. Various proposals were given to improve the methods for learning and assessing the Azerbaijani language based on international experience and the application of ICT.

This study aims to analyze the prosecutor's authority in terminating the prosecution of criminal cases based on restorative justice and the impact of the issuance of Circular Letter Number 01/E/Ejp/02/2022 concerning the Implementation of Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and legal concepts. Primary legal materials include laws and attorney general regulations, while secondary legal materials consist of legal literature, journals, and related papers. Data analysis was done descriptively qualitatively. This research found that prosecutors have maximum authority as dominus litis in the criminal justice system in Indonesia, which includes prosecution, submission of cases to court, and termination of prosecution based on restorative justice. Article 139 and 140 paragraph (2) of KUHAP regulates the prosecutor's authority to ensure the achievement of legal objectives such as justice, certainty, and legal benefits. Prosecutors are responsible for ensuring that legal objectives can be achieved through the prosecution process. Discontinuation of prosecution based on restorative justice is important when legal objectives cannot be achieved through the submission of cases to court. Humane and conscience-based handling of criminal cases is required, with strict consideration in applying restorative justice according to specified criteria.

This paper investigates integrating and comparing digital technology in the architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry on the world's six continents, concentrating on the adoption of designs, points of interest, and suggestions for AEC instruction. The study draws insights from current research and industry reports to underline the five most recent popular digital technologies—building Information Modeling (BIM), 3D Printing, the Internet of Things (IoT), Digital twins, and GIS—and their significance and the importance of aligning construction education with industry innovations. The subject utilizes an online survey, exhaustive online information search (using search engines), and choices of journals for the investigation. To begin with, the five biggest economies nations of each continent, but Antarctica was partially utilized for comparison in this subjective research to complete the seven continents of the world. The result appears that North America (US and Canada) and Europe (UK, France, and Germany) are the driving pioneers and early adopters of digital technology in architecture, engineering, and construction. Asia (China, Seoul) The AEC market is adopting this digital technology spontaneously. Oceania (except Australia) is behind Asia in the adoption rate; South America and Africa are the late adopters of this digital technology in the industry.

Groundwater is vital to industry, agriculture, and drinking water production. A growing amount of groundwater needs to be managed effectively because of the effects of climate change and growing demand. Conventional methods frequently prove inadequate for managing groundwater and tackling these issues. This study investigates how to use machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and civil engineering to create a more reliable and effective groundwater management strategy and Infrastructure in our environments. Real-time monitoring capabilities offered by IoT technology allow for ongoing data collection on groundwater levels, quality, and usage. Machine learning algorithms can use this data to forecast future patterns and anomalies, providing an initiative-taking groundwater management tool. Civil engineering solutions like artificial recharge and sophisticated irrigation systems are crucial for sustainable usage and replenishment. This paper thoroughly analyzes current developments in various domains and suggests a synergistic framework to improve groundwater management by fusing machine learning, IoT, and civil engineering. According to our research, integrating these technologies can maximize groundwater resource utilization, raise aquifer sustainability, and increase the accuracy of groundwater monitoring and forecasting. The suggested framework offers a comprehensive and innovative technological solution to overcome the shortcomings of current groundwater management techniques. Future research should concentrate on improving integrated systems and investigating their applications across various geographical and climatic contexts to ensure the sustainable management of groundwater resources globally.

This paper discusses the juridical implications of the appointment of a Juvenile Judge whose diversion conference implementation does not meet the requirements for diversion. It is structured based on doctrinal research findings, employing a legislative approach and conceptual analysis utilizing teleological interpretation. The research findings indicate that the juridical implications of appointing a Juvenile Judge whose diversion conference implementation does not meet the requirements for diversion lie in the action of the Juvenile Judge in prescribing diversion despite not meeting the mandatory diversion provisions, which, when solely considered from a grammatical interpretation of the Juvenile Justice Law, constitutes an ultra petite action. However, when viewed from a teleological interpretation, the Juvenile Judge's action aligns with the purpose of the Juvenile Justice Law, namely to keep children away from judicial processes to avoid stigmatization. Moreover, even if the judge takes an ultra-petite action, it is based on the principle of the best interests of the child, as long as the contents of the diversion agreement do not contradict the Law, religion, local community norms, morality, or contain elements that the child cannot implement, or exhibit lousy faith, then the Chief Judge should still issue a Decree on the Diversion Agreement.

This research aims to determine the regulation of electronic transactions in Notarial deeds (Notary Study in West Lombok). This type of research combines normative legal elements, which are then supported by adding data or empirical elements. Notaries, Temporary Notary Officials, Substitute Notaries, and MPDs carry out electronic notarial deed arrangements, and after 25 years, the Notary must submit their protocol to the MPD. The UUJN/UUJN-P does not regulate whether notary protocol storage is limited to paper media (conventional) or allows for digital storage using electronic media by a notary. This is because the Notary's protocol is considered a state archive, and the Archives Law governs the permissibility of storing archives using electronic media. Implementing notarial deeds via electronic means to increase legal certainty and data security, namely by storing Notarial protocols digitally using electronic media not regulated in UUJN/UUJN-P, legal responsibilities arising from violations or unlawful acts apply to legal provisions. In general, whether civil, criminal, or administrative, to the Notary concerned. Another responsibility of the Notary who holds the protocol is to keep the parties' data confidential in connection with legal acts outlined in the form of an authentic deed.

Death is a natural event that can have negative consequences for humans, psychological in nature, as well as environmental health. Efficient land use management is critical for preparing for the dead in metropolitan settings, particularly in Nigerian cities. The accessibility, sufficiency and efficacy of management solutions for the deceased are crucial, particularly in Nigerian cities with various populations and land uses. This research focused on the long-term viability of urban management systems for the deceased and the facilities and services provided by cemeteries. The scarcity of amenities and services in cemeteries causes problems for urban management systems, such as adequate burying space, upkeep and surveillance. Inefficient methods of handling the demands of city dwellers near cemeteries in city planning should be handled to enhance citizens' quality of life and protect and enhance the urban area. Scientific research papers, journals, conference proceedings and theses were used to review the literature on urban management for the deceased. Critical concerns discussed include managing cities for the dead, rising demand for burying space, ecological methods and balancing the needs of the living with the dead. These strategies include reusing places, promoting cremation, creating green burial grounds, and developing inclusive ecosystems. It is self-evident that as cities grow, so will demand for burial space, prompting a move toward more sustainable and environmentally friendly techniques. Providing services and facilities for mourners can help ease their grieving and foster a sense of solidarity to balance the needs of the living and the dead. Cemeteries must be appropriately incorporated into the city's fabric.

This article explores the distinct discursive features prevalent in economic texts, focusing on the unique language patterns, rhetorical strategies, and communicative functions characterising this genre. The study identifies critical elements that differentiate economic discourse from other professional and academic writing forms by analysing various economic documents, including academic papers, financial reports, and policy briefs. These features include specialised terminology, quantitative data presentation, argumentative structures, metaphor, and analogy. The findings highlight how these characteristics effectively convey complex economic concepts, persuade diverse audiences, and facilitate informed decision-making. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the linguistic and rhetorical conventions in economic writing, offering valuable insights for economists, educators, and communicators.

In this paper, a data storage data warehouse is designed to store collected data from social networks. Creating indexes with data and selecting a configuration with the appropriate number of shards and replicas is described – the primary states of the cluster and possibilities of its scaling. The features of working with the non-relational Elasticsearch database are described when working with data on user activity in social network posts. Among social networks, Facebook and Instagram were chosen for analysis. The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of using such a data store compared to Apache Kafka.Analysed existing data insertion Application Program Interfaces (APIs) and data visualisation tools integrated with Elasticsearch. The study describes the use of the Bulk API to insert many records at once into a database. The designed data warehouse uses Kibana, a data visualisation and analytics tool integrated with the selected database. Also, it is shown the ability to insert and view logs using Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana (ELK stack). Tested data ingest by logging into the database using Beats. The obtained results can help implement a system for analysing user activities from social network data based on Elasticsearch as a central component.

This paper describes the development of a criticality assessment of corroded metallic pipelines using the JetRacer Kit. Considering the difficulty of accessing pipelines from the inside, the developed program launched on a robotic platform allows for diagnostics. Replacing damaged sections of pipelines after scanning can increase the longevity of operation. The video stream is segmented using the method of separating colour characteristics of corrosion at different stages of its progression and tested on the system at several investigated corrosion areas inside the pipelines. The process of segmentation of corrosion into three levels, high, medium, and low, is described. Each damage level is visualized using the corresponding colours: red, orange, and yellow. In addition, the corrosion concentration for each level was grouped into selected rectangles. Damage assessment is based on the segmented number of found image pixels. The work results can be helpful for services engaged in diagnosing pipelines., This paper describes the development of a criticality assessment of corroded metallic pipelines using the JetRacer Kit. Considering the difficulty of accessing pipelines from the inside, the developed program launched on a robotic platform allows for diagnostics. Replacing damaged sections of pipelines after scanning can increase the longevity of operation. The video stream is segmented using the method of separating colour characteristics of corrosion at different stages of its progression and tested on the system at several investigated corrosion areas inside the pipelines. The process of segmentation of corrosion into three levels, high, medium, and low, is described. Each damage level is visualized using the corresponding colours: red, orange, and yellow. In addition, the corrosion concentration for each level was grouped into selected rectangles. Damage assessment is based on the segmented number of found image pixels. The results of the work can be helpful for services engaged in diagnosing pipelines.

Globally, most states have adopted new technologies that have seen many process improvements and cost optimisations and enabled them to provide value-added services to their citizens, thereby improving quality of life and achieving rapid growth and development in various sectors of the nation. Kenya is one of the developing countries that has benefited from adopting modern ICT in recent years. Despite government efforts to ensure the successful integration of ICT into various state departments and the private sector to protect and manage data, cases of document loss from individuals and institutions have been on the rise.This paper examined measures by organisations that could be adopted to counter challenges in using information technology to protect personal and business data in Nairobi County. The study’s target population comprised employees from Kenya Revenue Authority and Kenya Data Networks in Nairobi headquarter offices, police officers deployed at NPS offices headquarters and members of the public. The findings established that implementing electronic data management systems in organisations was more appropriate for controlling data loss. In addition, training employees on using the data management system is critical in preventing data loss in an organisation. Creating awareness of electronic data management systems was an effective measure to protect against data loss among organisations. Based on the findings, the paper concludes that strategies that help solve information challenges must be implemented to prevent data loss at personal and organisational levels.

This paper examines the inclusion of verbally displaying sexual acts (commonly known as catcalling) within the framework of criminal law in Indonesia. It also analyzes the legal protections afforded to victims of such actions under Law No 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence (TPKS Law). Verbal sexual concealment, or catcalling, involves the non-physical expression of sexual acts directed at an individual's body, sexual desires, and/or reproductive organs. This undermines the person's dignity based on their sexuality and/or modesty. Under the TPKS Law, victims of verbal sexual harassment, or catcalling, are granted specific legal protections. These include the right to be shielded from acts of violence and the right to be free from any treatment that undermines their dignity. These protective measures encompass the fulfilment of ownership and the provision of assistance to ensure the victims' sense of security. The LPSK or other relevant institutions are responsible for carrying out these protective measures by the requirements outlined in the law.

The research addresses the prevalent issue of inadequate water and wastewater treatment in Nigeria. Over the years, advanced countries have developed substantial and robust systems for the treatment of water and wastewater, which ensures the preservation and sustenance of societal health and mitigates against the negative impacts that untreated and unregulated wastewater could cause to the environment, including water pollution, transmission of illnesses, destruction of ecosystems etc. The study examines the historical and most recent water treatment methods, which entail boiling and more advanced techniques such as Membrane Filtration, Ultraviolet Disinfection and Reverse Osmosis. Also, an overview of the potential threats to water treatment, including poor power supply, poor infrastructure, poor waste management system, Poverty, Policy Issues, and corruption, was conducted. With the advent of technology, treatment methods such as biological and chemical treatments have been instituted. For example, Biological Treatment entails using bacteria to destroy contaminants in water, leveraging the natural ability of microorganisms to survive in unseemly harsh conditions. The paper explores the economic analysis of waste management strategies in Nigeria, stating the costs, benefits and challenges faced.While implementing these strategies can be costly due to a lack of infrastructural and institutional capacity, it benefits societal health protection and promotes environmental sustainability in the long run. Stakeholder engagement, such as supporting water and wastewater treatment technology implementation and setting up local committees. That can help educate and ensure proper disposal of waste and wastewater by homeowners, industries and local businesses, which is discussed as an essential factor in providing adequate water reforms. The research examines important organisations in Nigeria responsible for conducting research, developing policies, enforcing environmental la

This paper wants to explain the effect of coping stress and social support on academic stress in postgraduate students while facing the Covid-19 pandemic. During the Covid-19 pandemic, doctoral students in Indonesia experienced academic stress. The prevalence of academic stress during a pandemic among postgraduate students has increased. This academic stress can cause emotional disturbances affecting students' professional competence. Efforts to deal with academic stress are coping with stress, and this method is used to deal with the stress of postgraduate students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Students try to manage the distance between demands (both from individuals and requests from the environment) with students' resources in dealing with stressful situations. Coping stress has a significant role in one's health status. A healthy physical and mental state can help students fulfil pressing academic and non-academic demands, especially during a pandemic. The social support received can make students feel calm, cared for, and loved, as well as develop self-confidence and competence. Social support is a valuable resource for individuals who experience stress and is the primary way to improve their quality of life and maintain a healthy mind and body. Based on this description, coping with stress and social support can overcome academic anxiety. Social support is part of coping with stress to deal with the academic pressure of postgraduate students during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.

The learning environment must be designed to motivate students to acquire scientific knowledge while developing their scientific attitude. As essential learning for students, science learning must be responsive to this by facilitating the development of students' scientific attitudes. Gamification is an effort to spark interest, spur motivation, and encourage student engagement in the learning process. Much research on gamification has been done by adopting game mechanics and aesthetics in learning and has generally succeeded in improving student learning outcomes. However, the relationship between using gamification in learning and improving students' scientific attitudes has not been widely studied and discussed in theory. Therefore, this paper presents a literature review of fields in which gamification can intervene to improve students' scientific attitudes.

Book art and publishing, visualization of information in sign and paper products, the creation of analogue data storage devices, and overall digitalization in production are the basis of developing artistic and design culture of the social, visual, and informative communication environment of human activity. This research is based on the provisions of post-nonclassical scholarly paradigm, the principles of determinism, conformity, and complementation, and the formation of typological foundations of objects / subjects of design-graphic in a visual information environment. The study aims to determine the peculiarities in organization and formation of typological classification of objects / subjects of design-graphic in the communication space. According to the results, the typological foundations of objects / subjects of design-graphic and interdisciplinary approach and system analysis of objects / subjects of design-graphic have defined the tools to form a visual information environment, thereby ensuring its integrity, a connection between its elements, and substantiating it.

There have been several cases of lost documents and misplaced or inaccurate information belonging to individuals or organisations reported in recent times at global, national and regional levels. Nairobi county is one of the regions on the spot as many people travelling or working in the city have reported lost identification documents such as certificates and licenses, whether through criminality or negligence. Furthermore, most businesses and organisations dealing with huge volumes of data need help to protect and provide accurate information. Many still need help with the pre-digital data management systems, thus risking the loss of both personal and organisational data. This paper, therefore, sought to examine the information security challenges due to the inadequate application of ICT in managing personal and corporate data and their implications on individuals and organisations in Nairobi County. The target population included employees from Kenya Revenue Authority and Kenya Data Networks in Nairobi headquarters offices, police officers deployed at NPS offices headquarters and members of the public. The selected target groups were known to deal with enormous data for both personnel and businesses, and the police officers were part of this study because of their mandate to help in tracking lost personal and business documents. Lastly, the researcher engaged members of the public to share their experiences of losing business and personal records. The study employed purposive and simple random sampling techniques to select the required sample of 110 participants drawn from the four groups. A structured questionnaire was administered to the sampled police officers, employees of Kenya Data Network and Kenya Revenue Authority and members of the public. The researchers interviewed key informants from the three organisations, NPS, KRA and KDA, to complement the data collected using the questionnaires. The findings established that challenges were associated with the n

This paper assesses the strength of nano concrete and methods of strengthening it by adding nanoparticles. Since concrete structures are exposed to the environment and external influences, there is a need to enhance resistance to destruction. Modelling of behaviour and the nature of changes in indicators of chemical shrinkage and destructive load is performed. Data analysis is executed based on the data of ordinary portland cement pastes and cement-fly ash pastes. The results are compared with admixtures to these materials of three nanomaterials: nanolimestone, nanosilica, and nanoclay. The percentage ratio for compressive strength for materials is established. The data processing and visualization of the results are presented using an interactive web page using dynamic mathematical calculations of approximation and interpolation based on the entered data. The data is processed using modern open-source libraries and stored in the database. The work aims to develop a methodological approach for modelling physico-mechanical processes in nano concrete, considering nanoparticles and an ensemble of pores.

Book art and publishing, visualization of information in sign and paper products, the creation of analogue data storage devices, and overall digitalization in production are the basis of developing artistic and design culture of the social, visual, and informative communication environment of human activity. This research is based on the provisions of post-nonclassical scholarly paradigm, the principles of determinism, conformity, and complementation, and the formation of typological foundations of objects / subjects of design-graphic in a visual information environment. The study aims to determine the peculiarities in organization and formation of typological classification of objects / subjects of design-graphic in the communication space. According to the results, the typological foundations of objects / subjects of design-graphic and interdisciplinary approach and system analysis of objects / subjects of design-graphic have defined the tools to form a visual information environment, thereby ensuring its integrity, a connection between its elements, and substantiating it.