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Even in today's electronic information age, traditional paper is a multi-purpose product that continues to be indispensable to people's daily work and lives. While paper is a valued product, the paper industry contributes to environmental pollution and consumption of natural resources, and the organic substances out of which traditional paper is made render it highly flammable and easy to burn. This book introduces a new technology to develop environmentally friendly fire-resistant paper using highly flexible ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and discusses applications and potential for commercialization. Discusses characterization, properties, and synthesis of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and compares them with cellulose fibers Describes steps to design and create fire-resistant paper Covers a variety of function-based fire-resistant paper, including antibacterial, magnetic, photoluminescent, among others Examines a host of applications, such as paper for anti-counterfeiting, encryption and decryption, environmental, energy, and biomedical uses Considers commercialization potential and future prospects This book is aimed at materials scientists, chemical engineers, industrial chemists, and other researchers from across the scientific and engineering disciplines interested in the development of this exciting alternative to traditional paper.

First published in 1995, Surface Analysis of Paper examines surface analysis techniques from a paper industry perspective and places heavy emphasis on applications. Modern techniques, including ion mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and optical profilometry are reviewed in a straightforward manner. This new book provides details on widely used methods and instruments, and discusses how they can be used to attain, for example, contour maps of the microscopic constituents on paper surfaces and accurate analyses of the physical properties of paper.Organized into three sections, Surface Analysis of Paper provides thorough coverage of the physical characteristics of paper, and a clear picture of new and emerging analytical methods. Carefully chosen background material on fundamental concepts is included wherever such material assists in understanding the uses of analysis methods. Each chapter contains:An introduction A description of the technique A discussion of the type of information that can be obtained with the particular technique Practical examples to demonstrate the advantages of the technique

Among the finest achievements in modern mathematics are two of L.S. Pontryagin's most notable contributions: Pontryagin duality and his general theory of characters of a locally compact commutative group. This book, the first in a four-volume set, contains the most important papers of this eminent mathematician, those which have influenced many generations of mathematicians worldwide. They chronicle the development of his work in many areas, from his early efforts in homology groups, duality theorems, and dimension theory to his later achievements in homotopic topology and optimal control theory. On 3 September 1983 Lev Semenovich Pontryagin was seventy-five. To mark this important event in the life of this outstanding contemporary mathematician we are beginning the publication of his scientific works in four volumes, according to a decision taken by the Mathematics Division of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The first volume contains the most important mathematical papers of L. S. Pontryagin and also includes a bibliography of his basic scientific works, the second is his well-known monograph Topological Groups, the third comprises two monographs, Foundations of Algebraic Topology and Smooth Manifolds and Their Applications in Homotopy Theory, and the fourth is a revised edition of The Mathematical Theory of Optimal Processes by L. S. Pontryagin, V. G. Boltyanskii, R. V. Gamkrelidze, and E. F. Mishchenko.

There has been an exponential increase in the volume and quality of published research relating to breast disease over the past decades. This book identifies the 50 key scientific articles in the field of breast disease and breast surgery and examines their importance and impact on current clinical care.Among thousands of articles, a small fraction are truly'game changing'. Such studies form the foundations of breast surgery today, and the selection of papers within this book provide the 50 landmark papers every 21st-century breast surgeon needs to know. A commentary to each carefully selected paper explains why these papers are so important, thus providing every surgeon with the foundation stones of knowledge in this fast-moving area.A valuable reference not only to the established surgeon, but also to breast surgery residents and trainees, as well as to more experienced surgeons as they continue to learn new techniques and approaches and to improve their knowledge of breast disease and treatments. The papers provide an evidence-based resource for those surgeons preparing for professional exams and may inspire clinicians to produce new research.

This book provides an expert perspective, from some of the world's leading surgeons, on the papers that have had the greatest impact in the field of thyroid and parathyroid surgery over the past decade.The broad range of topics covered will enable the reader to understand how recent research developments have led to changes in current thyroid and parathyroid surgical practice and represents an excellent resource for trainees at all levels preparing for specialty examinations.This book contains: Concise review and analysis of key papers by expert clinicians with each chapter focused on the most important aspects of the surgical management of thyroid and parathyroid disease Essential reading for students, residents, fellows and surgeons studying for their professional exams or wanting an update on the current thyroid and parathyroid surgery literature Critical distillation of the diverse and expanding research over a broad range of topics from this field that includes investigation and management of benign and malignant thyroid disease, primary, secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, thyroid and parathyroid surgery and surgical complications Expert analysis of the key contemporary papers and topics underlying the practice of endocrine neck surgery for general surgeons, otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, endocrine surgeons, trainees and other healthcare professionals

This book identifies the 50 key scientific articles in the field of pediatric surgery. It provides a commentary to each carefully selected paper and explains why these papers are so important, thus providing every surgeon with the foundation stones of knowledge in this fast-moving area.The key advances in neonatal, pediatric, and fetal surgery – game-changers if you will – that have led to the significant improvements in clinical outcome and results are all included. The choice of papers provides an insight into the development of pediatric surgery and offers an important aid to understanding the subject for practicing pediatric surgeons and residents.

This book identifies the key scientific articles in the field of Intensive Care and explains why these papers are important in contemporary clinical management. Identifying those influential contributors who have shaped the practice of modern Intensive care practice, the book includes commentaries on 50 seminal papers in a wide range of areas. enal This an invaluable reference for trainees, fellows, and surgeons studying for exams, as well as for seasoned surgeons and physicians who want to stay current in their field.

The Royal College of Psychiatrists has recently changed the format of its membership examination to adopt multiple choice questions (MCQs). This book of mock MCQ papers includes 675 questions and answers covering all subjects of the Paper I curriculum. It is an essential aid for all candidates preparing for the MRPsch Paper I, and will also be usefil for those revising for the similarly-themed Paper II and Paper III examinations.

This book identifies the 50 key scientific articles in the field of vascular and endovascular surgery. It provides a commentary to each carefully selected paper and explains why these papers are so important, thus providing every surgeon with the foundation stones of knowledge in this fast-moving area.There has been an exponential increase in the volume and quality of published research relating to vascular and endovascular surgery in recent decades. Among thousands of articles, a small fraction is truly'game changing.'Such studies form the foundations of vascular surgery today and the selection of papers within this book provide the 50 landmark papers every 21st-century vascular and endovascular surgeon needs to know.A valuable reference not only to the established surgeon, but also to vascular surgery residents and trainees, as well as to more experienced surgeons as they continue to learn new techniques and approaches and to improve their knowledge of vascular disorders and treatments. The papers provide an evidence-based resource for those surgeons preparing for professional exams and may inspire clinicians to produce new research.About the EditorsJuan Carlos Jimenez MD, MBAProfessor of SurgeryGonda (Goldschmied) Vascular CenterDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos Angeles, CaliforniaSamuel Eric Wilson, MDDistinguished Professor of Surgery and Chair EmeritusUniversity of California IrvineIrvine, California

Earthquakes have always been a significant aspect of the design and safety of dams. This position paper deals with the seismic safety of large dams, based on experiences with large earthquakes in Japan (Tohoku earthquake, 2011, Richter magnitude 9.0), in China (Wenchuan earthquake, 2008, Richter magnitude 8.0) and in Chile (Maule earthquake, 2010, Richter magnitude 8.8). It presents ways to prevent key aspects of large dam failure under severe seismic conditions with a focus on design instead of on earthquake prediction. This is done by considering the prevention of uncontrolled rapid release of water of a storage dam under full reservoir conditions in relation to expected seismic conditions.This position paper is composed by the Committee on Seismic Aspects of Dam Design of The International Committee of Large Dams.Les tremblements de terre ont toujours été un aspect important de la conception et de la sécurité des barrages. Ce document de synthèse traite de la sécurité sismique des grands barrages, en se fondant sur l'expérience acquise lors de grands séismes au Japon (séisme de Tohoku, 2011, magnitude 9,0 sur l'échelle de Richter), en Chine (séisme de Wenchuan, 2008, magnitude 8,0 sur l'échelle de Richter) et au Chili (séisme de Maule, 2010, magnitude 8,8 sur l'échelle de Richter). Il présente des moyens de prévenir les aspects clés de la défaillance des grands barrages dans des conditions sismiques sévères en mettant l'accent sur la conception plutôt que sur la prévision des séismes. Pour ce faire, on examine la prévention d'une libération rapide et incontrôlée de l'eau d'un barrage de stockage dans des conditions de réservoir plein par rapport aux conditions sismiques prévues.Cet argumentaire est composé par le Comité sur les Aspects Sismiques des Projets de Barrages de la Commission Internationale des Grands Barrages.

The exponential growth in the number of research papers published in recent decades can make it difficult to identify the key papers that have truly made a difference in the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery. This book provides readers with a concise reference source for the key papers that underpin contemporary surgical practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Covering all aspects of the specialty, the content will help both trainees and specialists to understand the scientific developments and pioneering surgeries that allow us to practice as we currently do. It is essential revision material for those sitting for specialist examinations in oral and maxillofacial surgery. + Presents 50 key research studies on surgery along with full analysis + Additional commentaries from the original authors, experts or editors – providing a valuable perspective on why the study is important + Constitutes essential reading for trainees, residents and fellows, and surgeons studying for professional examinations + Distills all the literature into a compact guide on the must-know scientific articles About the Editors Niall MH McLeod FRCS (OMFS), FDS, MRCS Consultant Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon, The Royal London and Whipps Cross Hospitals, London, UK Peter A Brennan MD, PhD, FRCS, FRCSI, FDS Consultant Maxillofacial Surgeon and Professor of Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK

The new MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. Instead of two distinct parts, there are now three written papers and one clinical exam. This book is completely up-to-date and takes into account the new format. It provides 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching items questions (EMIs) for Paper I. It contains clear, concise solutions to each question as an aid to revision. It is comprehensive and authoritative, with both authors being members of the Psychiatric Trainee's Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. As well as being an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper I, it is also useful when preparing for Papers II and III because of the many similarly themed questions.

Having an understanding of critical appraisal and evidence-based medicine is a prerequisite to being an effective clinician. However, critical appraisal is often taught by people not involved in day-to-day clinical care, meaning the clinical relevance is not always brought to the fore. This book takes a different approach. It is written by clinicians, for clinicians. It takes the reader step by step through the process so that any journal article can be easily read, evidence evaluated and the results - and their reliability - truly understood. By integrating this with knowledge of local skills and resources and patient preference, the reader will be able to apply the best possible care that his or her patients deserve. This accessible book is suitable for undergraduates and postgraduates of all medical specialties, nursing, paramedics, pharmacists and all allied health professions. It is the ideal reference for anyone needing help writing a clinical topic review, reviewing a paper in a journal club or preparing for a critical appraisal exam. But most importantly, it is essential for those who wish to practice medicine in the best possible way for their patients, using the best evidence, tailored to the individual.

In 50 Landmark Papers every Acute Care Surgeon Should Know, editors Stephen Cohn and Peter Rhee have compiled a selection of the most influential recent contributions to the specialty of acute care surgery/emergency surgery.This book comprises 50 thought-provoking and relevant topics, reviewing carefully selected papers to update the readers on what has been published in the last decade. 50 key papers cover the most relevant studies from a wide range of topics from Acute Cholecystitis to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.This book is of interest to surgical residents and trainees, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care fellows and all members of the Acute Care team. This is both an informative and personal look at evidence-based topics, and is relevant to all general and acute care surgeons.About the EditorsStephen M. Cohn, MD FACSHackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall UniversityNutley, New Jersey, USAPeter Rhee New York Medical CollegeWestchester Medical CenterValhalla, New York, USA

The structure of the MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. This book is specifically written for the new exam, providing 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching item (EMI) questions for Paper III. It contains clear, concise answers to questions, along with explanatory notes and further reading for each topic. It gives practical advice on the format and content of the examination and techniques for answering questions. It is comprehensive and authoritative: both authors are members of the Psychiatric Trainees'Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. This is an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper III of the MRCPsych examination.

The MRCPsych examinations, conducted by the Royal College of Psychiatrists are the most important exams for psychiatric trainee to achieve specialist accreditation. Written by authors with previous exam experience and edited by the distinguished team behind Revision Notes in Psychiatry, Get Through MRCPsych Paper A: Mock Examination Papers provides candidates with the most realistic and up-to-date MCQ and EMIs, closely matched to themes appearing most often in the Paper A exam.

In 50 Landmark Papers every Trauma Surgeon Should Know, editors Stephen Cohn and Ara Feinstein have compiled a selection of the most influential contributions to the specialty of trauma surgery. This book comprises 50 thought-provoking reviews of carefully selected papers and explains how trauma surgery practice has changed as a result of this research. The selection of key papers, the insights into the significance of each paper from trauma experts, and the opportunity to read the original authors'thoughts about their groundbreaking developments, make this a unique and fascinating resource. Of interest to surgical residents and trainees, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care fellows and all members of the Trauma team. This is both an informative and personal look at the foundation stones of modern Trauma care.Key FeaturesUnique commentaries by original authors and experts Demonstrates how clinical practice has adapted following these landmark studies Specialty-defining papers are brought to life, and their impact assessed Shows how the insight and vision of individual surgeons propelled change

The structure of the MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. This book is specifically written for the new exam, providing 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching item (EMI) questions for Paper II. It contains clear, concise answers to questions, along with explanatory notes and further reading for each topic. It gives practical advice on the format and content of the examination and techniques for answering questions. It is comprehensive and authoritative: both authors are members of the Psychiatric Trainees'Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. This is an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper II of the MRCPsych examination.

The MRCPsych examinations, conducted by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, are the most important exams for psychiatric trainees to achieve specialist accreditation. Written by authors with recent exam success and edited by the distinguished team behind Revision Notes in Psychiatry, Get Through MRCPsych Paper B: Mock Examination Papers provides candidates with the most realistic and up-to-date MCQ and EMIs, closely matched to themes appearing most often in the Paper B exam.

Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains the proceedings of the 14th ISRM International Congress (ISRM 2019, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 13-19 September 2019). Starting in 1966 in Lisbon, Portugal, the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM) holds its Congress every four years. At this 14th occasion, the Congress brings together researchers, professors, engineers and students around contemporary themes relevant to rock mechanics and rock engineering. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains 7 Keynote Lectures and 449 papers in ten chapters, covering topics ranging from fundamental research in rock mechanics, laboratory and experimental field studies, and petroleum, mining and civil engineering applications. Also included are the prestigious ISRM Award Lectures, the Leopold Muller Award Lecture by professor Peter K. Kaiser. and the Manuel Rocha Award Lecture by Dr. Quinghua Lei.Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development is a must-read for academics, engineers and students involved in rock mechanics and engineering.Proceedings in Earth and geosciences - Volume 6The ‘Proceedings in Earth and geosciences'series contains proceedings of peer-reviewed international conferences dealing in earth and geosciences. The main topics covered by the series include: geotechnical engineering, underground construction, mining, rock mechanics, soil mechanics and hydrogeology.

The past decade has seen several revisions to the MRCPsych examinations but the latest changes have been the most radical. It is now a three part written examination along with a clinical assessment of skills and competencies. This has changed the focus of the'new'MRCPsych Paper I, which now includes two thirds'one-best-item-from-five'multiple choice questions (MCQs). This collection of'one-best-item-from-five'style multiple choice questions mirrors the new format for the exam. Its companion volume Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Examinations Part 1 by Michael Reilly and Bangaru Raju remains relevant for the new format where EMIs make up one third of the questions. Together, these two guides thoroughly prepare you for the revised format, incorporating the new areas of study such as basic ethics, philosophy and history of psychiatry, and stigma and culture. With varying degrees of question difficulty, a wide-range of styles and topics, and full explanations of answers overleaf, MRCPsych Paper I One-Best-Item MCQs is ideal for examination preparation and self-study.

Comprising of 400 MCQs, this book provides essential revision content to help you pass the recently introduced MRCPsych Paper A. The most recent guidelines for the new curriculum have been followed in compiling the content. MCQs for the New MRCPsych Paper A with Answers Explained is an invaluable aid for all candidates for the examination of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. Other clinicians and undergraduate students in medicine and health sciences will also find it useful.

Writing high-quality papers suitable for publication within international scientific journals is now an essential skill for all early-career researchers; their career progression and the reputation of the department in which they work depends upon it. However, many manuscripts are rejected or sent back for major re-working not because the science they contain is in any way'bad', but because the same problems keep occurring in the way that the material is presented. It is one thing to write a good scientific paper, however it is quite another thing to get it published. This requires some additional nous. In writing this book Don Harris draws upon nearly a quarter of a century of experience as an author and reviewer of research papers, and ultimately as a journal editor. By his own admission, it contains all the things he wished that his mentors had told him 25 years ago, but didn't. The material in the book is drawn from many years of finding all these things out for himself, usually by trial and error (but mostly error!). The text adopts a much lighter touch than is normally found in books of this type - after all, who really wants to read a book about writing research papers? The author describes his own unique approach to writing journal papers (which, in his own words, has proved to be extremely successful). All major points are illustrated with examples from his own, published works. The book is written in the form of a manual for constructing a journal manuscript: read a chapter, write a section. However, the material it contains goes beyond just this and also describes how to select a target journal, the manuscript submission process, what referees are looking for in a good journal paper, and how to deal with the referees'comments. Each chapter concludes with a checklist to ensure all the key elements have been addressed.

While an emphasis on the new is vital to any science, the relevance or importance of new discoveries cannot truly be appreciated without a strong sense of the framework of a discipline, and of the ideas that helped to shape it. With this in mind, the editors of this book have attempted to create a canon of texts that formed the basis of rheumatolog

There has been an exponential increase in the volume and quality of published research relating to spine care over the last several decades. Among thousands of articles, a small fraction has been shown to be truly'game changing,'forcing the entire field to pause and take notice. These landmark studies may describe a new procedure or surgical approach, evaluate the relative effects of known treatments or techniques, introduce a new classification system, or provide new insights into natural history or disease prognosis. Such studies form the foundations of spine surgery today.This book will be a useful reference not only to the established spine surgeon, but also to neurosurgery and orthopedic residents, as well as to spine surgery fellows as they continue to fortify their knowledge surrounding spinal disorders. Further, this will no doubt serve as a useful evidence-based resource for trainees studying for professional examinations and perhaps most importantly challenge and inspire clinicians to produce high-quality impactful research.

The Royal College of Psychiatrists has recently changed the format of its membership examination to adopt multiple choice questions (MCQs). The book of mock MCQ papers includes 650 questions and answers covering all subjects of the Paper II curriculum. It is an essential aid for all candidates preparing for the MRCPsych Paper II, and will also be useful for those revising for the related Paper I and Paper III examinations.

If your company wants to save money currently spent on waste hauling, disposal, and clean-up costs, while protecting the environment, this is the book for you. Let Trash to Cash serve as your implementation guide to an effective, on-going corporate paper recycling and waste reduction program. Berman addresses the major issues and realities surrounding paper consumption and recycling. This prescriptive guide can show you how to achieve a financially successful program for your company. Fully illustrated, Trash to Cash contains practical and insightful case studies that demonstrate how successful programs have been created and kept alive at AT&T, McDonald's, Merrill Lynch and other role-model corporations. Learn how to be on target environmentally while saving your company thousands, even millions of dollars.

Completely up-to-date with the current MRCPsych Paper 1 examination, this list-based revision guide provides comprehensive coverage of the syllabus. It offers a focused set of essential notes that create a solid knowledge base for the candidate, rather than relying only on MCQs and EMIs for self-testing. Individual chapters are dedicated to each of the main topics within the curriculum and the succinct, bullet-point format aids recall and offers a realistic and user-friendly method for retaining knowledge. Key points are presented in manageable portions fostering confidence and encouraging further investigation. Written by a current trainee, Revision Notes for MRCPsych Paper 1 provides the most closely linked and relevant guide for candidates. It is also a highly useful reference for all Royal College candidates and medical and nursing students wanting an accessible introduction to psychiatry.

This handbook focuses on physical paper testing in the laboratory and online. Divided into five parts, it highlights assays for paper interactions with light, moisture, electricity, and heat. Topics expanded upon include laboratory testing procedures; microscopy analysis and paper surface properties; liquid and gas penetration; electrical and thermal interactions; and methods of surface characterization.

Get Through FRCR Part 2B: Rapid Reporting of Plain Radiographs fulfils a need for an exam style revision book to aid interpretation of plain radiographic films. Consisting of seven practice papers, each containing 30 high quality images, the material is arranged in a'test'format. For each case, the reader is presented with one or more films and i

Contains basic principles and the latest techniques in paper and paperboard testing. Fosters an understanding of theory and mechanical testing parameters to evaluate results and make improvements. Emphasizes new procedures utilizing advanced microscopy equipment.

This study, conducted in Kenya, gives the first insight into the performance of a constructed treatment wetland receiving pulp and paper mill wastewater in the tropics.The wetland effectively removed organic matter, suspended solids, phenols and nutrients. BOD and phenols reduction rates are reported for the first time. Design parameters and guidel

All subjects have their canon of literature that should be studied before serious students can advance in their chosen fields. Containing papers carefully compiled not merely for their historical importance but also for their contemporary relevance, Classic Papers in Breast Disease is that resource. A team of experts shares their experience in researching, diagnosing, and treating breast disease. Each chapter contains not just a compilation of papers, but a critical commentary on the papers, their strengths and weaknesses, and their relevance to current practice and research. The commentary, always insightful and straightforward, ranges from theory to practice, from physical to psychological. Each chapter also has a brief introduction to set the scene as the author sees it. All the papers share in common their place as building blocks, as judged by the refraction of history, in the current knowledge base or in current research.

Successful completion of postgraduate studies, especially PhD, and career advancement in academia strongly depend on the ability to publish scientific papers or books and attract research grants. However, many chemical scientists find preparing scientific papers and research grant and book proposals difficult; partly because of insufficient training in writing and partly because there are few practical books to enable them to learn the art. This step-by-step practical guide is intended mainly for postgraduate students and early career researchers in chemical science and the libraries that serve them but will also be useful to other scientists. Key Features: Improves the reader's chances of getting their manuscript published in chemistry journals. Increases the likelihood of winning research grants in chemistry. Takes a “lead by the hand” approach. Contains chapters on the preparation of graphical abstracts and research highlights. Uses sketches and other illustration styles to aid mental visualization of concepts. Contains practical examples taken from published papers and successful research grant proposals.

This practical guide provides GPs practice managers and members of the primary care team with the tools to manage the stresses and conflict in general practice. All the necessary skills are covered including negotiating dealing with anger handling criticism and change management. Filled with practical examples and exercises referenced throughout and with recommended reading lists at the end of each chapter it encourages the reader to invest in their own personal and professional development.

The origami introduced in this book is based on simple techniques. Some were previously known by origami artists and some were discovered by the author. Curved-Folding Origami Design shows a way to explore new area of origami composed of curved folds. Each technique is introduced in a step-by-step fashion, followed by some beautiful artwork examples. A commentary explaining the theory behind the technique is placed at the end of each chapter.Features Explains the techniques for designing curved-folding origami in seven chapters Contains many illustrations and photos (over 140 figures), with simple instructions Contains photos of 24 beautiful origami artworks, as well as their crease patterns Some basic theories behind the techniques are introduced