Veselin B. Kostov, Brian P. Powell, Jerome A. Orosz, William F. Welsh, William D. Cochran, Karen A. Collins, Michael Endl, Coel Hellier, David W. Latham, Phillip MacQueen, Joshua Pepper, Billy Quarles, Lalitha Sairam, Guillermo Torres, Robert F. Wilson, Serge Bergeron, Pat Boyce, Allyson Bieryla, Robert Buchheim, Caleb Ben Christiansen, David R. Ciardi, Kevin I. Collins, Dennis M. Conti, Scott Dixon, Pere Guerra, Nader Haghighipour, Jeffrey Herman, Eric G. Hintz, Ward S. Howard, Eric L. N. Jensen, John F. Kielkopf, Ethan Kruse, Nicholas M. Law, David Martin, Pierre F. L. Maxted, Benjamin T. Montet, Felipe Murgas, Matt Nelson, Gregory Olmschenk, Sebastian Otero, Robert Quimby, Michael Richmond, Richard P. Schwarz, Avi Shporer, Keivan G. Stassun, Denise C. Stephens, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Joe Ulowetz, Bradley S. Walter, Edward Wiley, David Wood, Mitchell Yenawine, Eric Agol, Thomas Barclay, Thomas G. Beatty, Isabelle Boisse, Douglas A. Caldwell, Jessie Christiansen, Knicole D. Colon, Magali Deleuil, Laurance Doyle, Michael Fausnaugh, Gábor Fűrész, Emily A. Gilbert, Guillaume Hébrard, David J. James, Jon Jenkins, Stephen R. Kane, Richard C. Kidwell Jr, Ravi Kopparapu, Gongjie Li, Jack J. Lissauer, Michael B. Lund, Steve R. Majewski, Tsevi Mazeh, Samuel N. Quinn, Elisa Quintana, George R Ricker, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Jason Rowe, Alexander Santerne, Joshua Schlieder, Sara Seager, Matthew R. Standing, Daniel J. Stevens, Eric B. Ting, Roland Vanderspek, and Joshua N. Winn
We report the first discovery of a transiting circumbinary planet detected from a single sector of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data. During Sector 21, the planet TIC 172900988b transited the primary star and then five days later it transited the secondary star. The binary is itself eclipsing, with a period P ≈ 19.7 days and an eccentricity e ≈ 0.45. Archival data from ASAS-SN, Evryscope, KELT, and SuperWASP reveal a prominent apsidal motion of the binary orbit, caused by the dynamical interactions between the binary and the planet. A comprehensive photodynamical analysis of the TESS, archival and follow-up data yields stellar masses and radii of M(1) = 1.2384 ± 0.0007 Mꙩ and R(1) = 1.3827 ± 0.0016 Rꙩ for the primary and M(2) = 1.2019 ± 0.0007 Mꙩ and R(2) = 1.3124 ± 0.0012 Rꙩ for the secondary. The radius of the planet is R(3) = 11.25 ± 0.44 Rꚛ (1.004 ± 0.039R(Jup)). The planet’s mass and orbital properties are not uniquely determined—there are six solutions with nearly equal likelihood. Specifically, we find that the planet’s mass is in the range of 824 ≲ M3 ≲ 981 Mꚛ (2.65 ≲ M3 ≲ 3.09M(Jup)), its orbital period could be 188.8, 190.4, 194.0, 199.0, 200.4, or 204.1 days, and the eccentricity is between 0.02 and 0.09. At V = 10.141 mag, the system is accessible for high-resolution spectroscopic observations, e.g., the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect and transit spectroscopy.