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Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory disease that affects supportive tissues around dental implants, and its progression eventually leads to bone loss and implant failure. However, PI effects may be different based on the presence or absence of adjacent teeth., Objective: To investigate the differences in bone loss and inflammation between implants placed adjacent to a tooth or edentulous area in a ligature-induced PI model., Materials and Methods: Three-week-old C57BL/6J male mice underwent maxillary first (AT; n=12) or first and second (AE; n=8) left molar extractions. In both groups, implants were placed in the first molar region eight weeks after tooth extraction. Each group was further divided into control (C) or ligature (PI) four weeks after osseointegration. The mice were euthanized 12-14 days after ligature placement. The samples were analyzed using micro-computed tomography and histology. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test (p<0.05)., Results: Radiographic linear analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in bone levels between the C and PI groups. Linear bone loss was significantly greater in the PI group than in the C group. Volumetric analysis yielded similar results. Histologically, hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed no notable differences between the C and PI groups. The PI group showed increased levels of inflammatory infiltrates and bone resorption. Qualitative assessment of collagen through picrosirius red staining demonstrated increased collagen disorganization in the PI group compared with that in the C group. No notable differences were observed between the AT and AE groups., Conclusion: The presence or absence of an adjacent tooth does not influence PI-induced soft and hard tissue alterations., Competing Interests: All authors state that they have no conflicts of interest.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of oral health care through indicators in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the management of oral mucositis., Methods: Thirty-five patients were evaluated. Photobiomodulation was performed during the conditioning regimen, 1 day, 5 days, and 10 days after transplantation. Four process indicators and 13 outcome indicators were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, according to SQUIRE 2.0., Results: All process indicators demonstrated a compliance rate of 100% to the desired standard. Outcome indicators revealed that 66.6% of patients experienced mucositis during at least one follow-up period. A statistically significant increase was observed between periods of 1 and 5 days post-transplant, as well as between 1 and 10 days post-transplant (p < 0.05), with a predominance of grade I mucositis (p = 0.014). Four patients (16.7%) reported feeling pain, occurring between 5 and 10 days after transplantation, with moderate pain being the most prevalent. Oral mucositis did not show a statistically significant association with pain, associated treatments, leukopenia, comorbidities, or type of transplant., Conclusions: The indicators demonstrated their suitability for evaluating oral health in both the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in these patients. Furthermore, the effectiveness of photobiomodulation in improving the quality of oral health in the patients studied was confirmed., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Purpose: This prospective study evaluated the effects of the metal-free crowns on the periodontal tissues of abutment teeth during a 12-month follow-up., Materials and Methods: A sample of 24 patients (N = 32 abutment teeth) who needed a single-tooth restoration were enrolled to receive either a metal-ceramic (n = 21) or lithium disilicate (n = 11). The single-unit crowns were evaluated at baseline, 3-and 12-month follow-up. The periodontal parameters were evaluated: plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), radiographically and clinical crown fitting, bone resorption, and marginal finish lines. Statistical analyses were performed using the Exact Fisher and Mann-Whitney tests, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test as a post hoc test for Friedman (95 % confidence interval)., Results: The marginal finish line showed a statistical difference with a biomaterial type (p =.004). After a 12-months, a significant increase was observed in PI and mean PD for abutment teeth of metal-ceramic crowns. The metal-free crowns presented higher values for GBI and CAL (p 2  < 0.05). Only distal cervical evaluation and dental biofilm formation in the abutment teeth showed a statistical difference between the groups at the 12-month follow-up. The supragingival margin metal-ceramic group revealed higher PI values (p 2  = 0.005) between the period and the subgingival margin of both biomaterials showed greater GBI scores (p 2  < 0.05)., Conclusions: Metal-free crowns showed better periodontal outcomes compared to metal-ceramic crowns. Single-unit crown marginal location affects the periodontal tissue condition of the abutment teeth. The marginal fit was not changed regarding the biomaterial type., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 THE AUTHORS.)

Dental implants have a high success and survival rate. However, complications such as peri-implantitis (PI) are highly challenging to treat. PI is characterized by inflammation in the tissues around dental implants with progressive loss of supporting bone. To optimize dental implants' longevity in terms of health and functionality, it is crucial to understand the peri-implantitis pathophysiology. In this regard, using mouse models in research has proven clear benefits in recreating clinical circumstances. This study aimed to describe an experimental model of ligature-induced peri-implantitis in mice and determine whether there is effectiveness in inducing this disease, given the observed bone and tissue changes. The experimental peri-implantitis induction comprehends the following steps: teeth extraction, implant placement, and ligature-inducted PI. A sample of eighteen 3-week-old C57BL/6J male mice was divided into two groups, ligature (N=9) and control non-ligature (N=9). The evaluation of clinical, radiographical, and histological factors was performed. The ligature group showed significantly higher bone loss, increased soft tissue edema, and apical epithelial migration than the non-ligature group. It was concluded that this pre-clinical model can successfully induce peri-implantitis in mice.

Objectives: This experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of locally delivered nanoparticles (AMG-487 NP) containing a CXCR3 antagonist in inhibiting the progression of LPS-induced inflammation, osteoclastic activity, and bone resorption on a murine model., Materials and Methods: Thirty, 7-week-old C57BL/6 J male mice were used. Inflammatory bone loss was induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (P.g.-LPS) injections between the first and second maxillary molars, bilaterally, twice a week for 6 weeks (n = 20). AMG-487 NP were incorporated into a liposome carrier and locally delivered on sites where P.g.-LPS was injected. Control mice (n = 10) were injected with vehicle only. Experimental groups included (1) control, (2) LPS, and (3) LPS + NP. At the end of 1 and 6 weeks, mice were euthanized, maxillae harvested, fixed, and stored for further analysis., Results: Volumetric bone loss analysis revealed, at 1 week, an increase in bone loss in the LPS group (47.9%) compared to control (27.4%) and LPS + NP (27.8%) groups. H&E staining demonstrated reduced inflammatory infiltrate in the LPS + NP group compared to LPS group. At 6 weeks, volumetric bone loss increased in all groups; however, treatment with the CXCR3 antagonist (LPS + NP) significantly reduced bone loss compared to the LPS group. CXCR3 antagonist treatment significantly reduced osteoclast numbers when compared to LPS group at 1 and 6 weeks., Conclusions: This study showed that local delivery of a CXCR antagonist, via nanoparticles, in a bone resorption model, induced by LPS injection, was effective in reducing inflammation, osteoclast numbers, and bone loss., Clinical Relevance: CXCR3 blockade can be regarded as a novel target for therapeutic intervention of bone loss. It can be a safe and convenient method for periodontitis treatment or prevention applicable in clinical practice., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Our study aimed to study the efficacy of ILIB on periodontal parameters and glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type II diabetes. Twenty-one patients in a randomized clinical trial were divided into 2 groups: control group (CG), conventional periodontal therapy, and test group (TG), conventional periodontal treatment associated with 10 laser applications by the ILIB-Modified (ILIB-M) technique. Fasting blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and periodontal clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 4 months (T 4 ). Regarding periodontal parameters, the intragroup analysis showed a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) between baseline and T 4 , for the VPI, GBI, BOP, PD, and CAL indexes. However, in the intergroup analysis, no statistically significant improvements (p > 0.05) were observed between the TG and CG for the VPI, GBI, BOP, PD, and CAL indexes. Regarding HbA1C and fasting blood glucose values, no statistically significant improvements were observed in intergroup and intragroup analyses (p > 0.05). The Modified ILIB did not improve the periodontal clinical parameters and glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Salivary tests for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis have been suggested as alternative methods for the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal tests., Method: Two reviewers independently performed a search in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus to identify cross-sectional and cohort studies that used saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The search strategy was: ("saliva") and ("SARS-CoV-2" or "coronavirus" or "COVID-1")., Results: A total of 363 studies were identified and 39 were selected for review. Salivary samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection was as consistent and sensitive as the nasopharyngeal swabs in most studies, having been effective in detecting asymptomatic infections previously tested negative in nasopharyngeal samples. Viral nucleic acids found in saliva obtained from the duct of the salivary gland may indicate infection in that gland. Live viruses could be detected in saliva by viral culture., Conclusions: Salivary samples show great potential in SARS-CoV-2 detection and may be recommended as a simple and non-invasive alternative., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) on several periodontal parameters includingsalivary glutathione (GSH) and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in periodontal sites presenting with periodontitis. Randomized clinical trial, comprising 40 test group (TG) sites and 23 control group (CG) sites. The TG was treated with scaling and root planning (SRP) and aPDT, and CG, only with SRP. Visible plaque index [VPI], gingival bleeding index [GBI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment level [CAL] were calculated and saliva samples were taken at baseline (T 0 ), three (T 3 ) and six months (T 6 ). Data was analyzed by the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. An intragroup analysis indicated significant differences at T 3 and T 6 for GBI, CAL and GSH only in the CG (p < 0.05). For BOP, a significant decrease was observed only in the TG between T 0 and T 6 (p = 0.008). No significant differences were observed for VPI, BOP and MDA. In the intergroup analysis, significant differences were observed for GBI at T 6 (p = 0.041), and for GSH at T 3 (p = 0.031), being higher in the TG. Although aPDT with AlClPc did not present statistically proven benefits, but the employed periodontal treatment resulted in decreased BOP, PD, CAL and MDA after 3 and 6 months of treatment. In addition, the lower need for glutathione production may initially suggest an additional benefit of AlClPc aPDT in the early reestablishment of the balance between oxidative and non-oxidative agents related to oxidative stress., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)