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In vitro studies have revealed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection upregulates interleukin-8 (IL-8), which enhances HBV replication. Clinically, elevated IL-8 levels in chronic HBV patients are associated with diminished therapeutic efficacy of interferon-α (IFN-α). Our study advances these findings by demonstrating that IL-8 promotes the expression of myxovirus resistance A (MxA) and protein kinase R (PKR) in HepG2 cells via the PI3K-AKT pathway. However, HBV-infected cells fail to exhibit IL-8-induced upregulation of MxA and PKR, likely due to HBV's upregulation of PP2A that inhibits the PI3K-AKT pathway. Notably, IL-8 targets the C/EBPα transcription factor, increasing HBV promoter activity and viral replication, which in turn partially suppresses the expression of MxA and PKR induced by IFN-α. Our findings uncover a mechanism by which HBV may evade immune responses, suggesting potential new strategies for immunotherapy against chronic HBV infection., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

High-precision and safety control in face of disturbances and uncertainties is a challenging issue of both theoretical and practical importance. In this article, new adaptive anti-disturbance control schemes are proposed for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with composite disturbances, including additive disturbances, multiplicative actuator faults, and implicit disturbances deeply coupled with system states. Both the cases with known and unknown control/fault directions are investigated. By properly fusing the techniques of disturbance observers and adaptive compensation, it is shown that all closed-loop signals are globally uniformly bounded and the tracking error converges to zero asymptotically, no matter the control/fault directions are known or not. In the case of known directions, the proposed control scheme, for the first time, guarantees asymptotic tracking and L ∞ tracking performance simultaneously in face of disturbances and actuator faults. Moreover, novel Nussbaum functions and a contradiction argument are introduced, which allow the system to have multiple unknown nonidentical control directions and unknown time-varying fault direction. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.

In order to enhance the automation level and achieve high precision in the ultrasonic strengthening of aviation blade surfaces, this study focuses on investigating the intelligent control strategy and optimizing the machining parameters for robotic ultrasonic surface strengthening. By designing an intelligent compliance control method, the end-effector can achieve the compliant output of contact force. The fuzzy PID control method is used to optimize the regulation performance of the compliant force control system. This compliance control strategy enables the optimization of the compliance device, effectively improving the static and dynamic characteristics of the compliance controller. Based on this, an experimental method (RSM) is designed to analyze the interaction effects of contact force, feed rate, and repetition times on the surface quality of the blade. The optimal combination of robotic strengthening parameters is determined, providing a practical reference for the application of robotic compliance control in the ultrasonic strengthening of aviation blade surfaces.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of activating GABAB1 receptor by baclofen on proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells., Results: One hundred μmol/L, 200 μmol/L and 300 μmol/L were selected as low, medium and high baclofen concentrations respectively. Cells were divided into four groups: Control, 100 μmol/L, 200 μmol/L and 300 μmol/L. Compared with the control group, the viability, colony formation, migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells were inhibited, and the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells were enhanced significantly at 200 μmol/L and 300 μmol/L baclofen. Moreover, they changed significantly with the increase of baclofen concentration. Compared with the control group, the expression of E-cadherin and GABAB1 increased and the N-cadherin expression decreased significantly in 200 μmol/L and 300 μmol/L groups. Higher concentration of baclofen induced higher expression of E-cadherin and lower expression of N-cadherin., Conclusion: Baclofen inhibited the proliferation, cloning, migration, invasion and EMT of ovarian cancer cells by activating GABAB1 receptor. These results might contribute a lot to clarify the role and possible mechanism of GABAB1 receptor in ovarian cancer.