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Triphenylphosphine oxide is a well-known industrial waste byproduct, and thousands of tons of it are generated every year. Due to its chemical stability and limited applications, settlement of this waste issue has drawn extensive attention from chemists. The reduction of triphenylphosphine oxide to triphenylphosphine is heretofore the most employed solution, and is well reviewed. In view of our recent studies on the selective and efficient conversion of Ph 3 P(O) to other valuable organophosphorus chemicals by using sodium, the present perspective mainly highlights the advances on the utilization of Ph 3 P(O) to prepare a diverse range of functional organophosphorus compounds, except Ph 3 P, via selective P-C, C-H, and P-O bond cleavages.

In this article, a Bayesian filtering approach to adaptively extracting the crossed time-frequency (TF) ridges of ultrasonic guided waves (GWs) and retrieving their overlapped modes is proposed. Based on the generalized non-parametric GW signal model, the phase evolution of each overlapped mode can be described by the state transition equation developed by a polynomial prediction model (PPM). When an analyzed GW in the frequency domain is viewed as the measurement equation of the states, a state space model in the frequency domain for describing the GW and its modes is established. As a result, a Bayesian filtering approach can be used to extract the crossed TF ridges and separate the overlapped modes in an analyzed GW when the mode number in the signal is known as a priori. When such a priori is unavailable, an adaptive detection method of the mode number in a GW is acquired by a non-parametric iterative adaptive estimation scheme. In this way, the proposed method can be applied to cases where an analyzed GW with unknown modes can also be extracted and separated accurately. Simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly extract the crossed TF ridges and separate the overlapped modes when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is higher than -5 dB. In the steel plate experiment, the correlation coefficients of S 0 , A 0 , and A 1 modes between the original and retrieved signals are 0.900, 0.772, and 0.915, respectively, which are over the reported results in the literature.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in the progression of human tumors, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The present study aimed to explore the functions and potential mechanisms of human circular RNA hsa_circRNA_101705 (circTXNDC11) in RCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to measure circTXNDC11 expression in RCC tissues and cell lines. RNase R and actinomycin D assays were conducted to analyze the characteristic of circTXNDC11. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, and transwell invasion assay were performed to assess cell proliferation and invasion abilities. Western blotting was applied to assess the levels of MEK and ERK proteins in RCC cells. Murine xenograft model assay was conducted to deduce the role of circTXNDC11 in vivo. The current data showed that circTXNDC11 was overexpressed in RCC tissues and cells. The overexpression of circTXNDC11 is linked to advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of renal cancer. Knocking down circTXNDC11 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circTXNDC11 promoted RCC growth and invasion by activating the MAPK/ERK pathway. Thus, the current findings identified circTXNDC11 as a novel regulator of RCC tumorigenesis through the regulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway, offering a potential therapeutic target for RCC treatment.

Background: 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) plays an important role in addressing the issue of plant protection research. This study sheds new light on the differences in molecular scaffold from commercialized HPPD inhibitors., Results: The compounds A1-A18 and B1-B27 were synthesized for in vitro and greenhouse experiments. The greenhouse experiment data indicated that compounds B14 and B18 displayed excellent herbicidal activity, which was higher compared to that of mesotrione. In vitro testing indicated that the compounds were HPPD inhibitors. Moreover, molecular simulation results show that the compounds B14, B18, and mesotrione shared similar interplay with surrounding residues, which led to a perfect interaction with the active site of Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD. Based on crop selectivity results, compounds B14 and B18 were selected for maize studies (injury≤10%), indicating its potential for weed control in maize fields., Conclusion: These results showed that the pyrazole-benzofuran structure could be used as possible lead compounds for the development of HPPD inhibitors. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.)

Background: 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) plays an important role in addressing the issue of plant protection research. In a continuing effort to discover novel HPPD inhibitors, we adopted a bioisosterism strategy to design a series of novel arylthioacetic acid scaffold based on the previously discovered aryloxyacetic acid scaffold. This study sheds new light on the discovery of novel HPPD inhibitors., Results: The compounds A1-A30 and B1-B39 were prepared through an efficient synthetic route for in vitro and glasshouse experiments (herbicidal activities, herbicidal activity spectrum, and crop selectivity). Preliminary bioassay results reveal that these derivatives are promising Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD inhibitors, compounds A11 (K i = 0.021 μmol L -1 ) and B20 (K i = 0.022 μmol L -1 ), which exhibit similar activities to that of mesotrione (K i = 0.020 μmol L -1 ). The glasshouse experiments data indicated that compounds B34 displayed excellent herbicidal activity, which was higher compared to that of mesotrione. Moreover, molecular simulation results show that the compounds B20, B34, and mesotrione shared similar interplay with surrounding residues, which led to a perfect interaction with the active site of Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD. Based on herbicidal results, compound B34 was selected for crop selectivity studies (corn injury ≤ 10%), indicating its potential for weed control in corn fields., Conclusion: These bioassay results showed that the compound B34 could be used as a possible lead compound for the development of HPPD inhibitors. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.)

Sodium exhibits better efficacy and selectivity than Li and K for converting Ph 3 P(O) to Ph 2 P(OM). The destiny of PhNa co-generated is disclosed. A series of alkyl halides R 4 X and aryl halides ArX all react with Ph 2 P(ONa) to produce the corresponding phosphine oxides in good to excellent yields.

Mounting evidence indicates that circular RNAs modulate the initiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, their specific roles in the malignancy of ccRCC is understudied. Here, we present a novel circular RNA, circDHX33, that is up-regulated in ccRCC cell lines and tissues. Upregulated circDHX33 in ccRCC patients significantly correlates with advanced TNM stage and metastasis. Suppressing circDHX33 expression inhibits the proliferation and invasion of cultured cells, and suppresses tumor growth in vivo . Mechanistically, we show that circDHX33 promotes ccRCC progression by sponging miR-489-3p and modulating MEK1 expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that circDHX33 plays a role in promoting ccRCC via the miR-489-3p/MEK1 axis and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ccRCC patients.

We report a new method for the synthesis of acylphosphine oxides by the direct coupling of hydrogen phosphine oxides and acyl chlorides mediated by chlorosilanes. This new protocol is greener and safer, because it precludes the generation of volatile haloalkanes and the use of oxidants employed in the conventional methods. Moreover, moisture-unstable acylphosphine oxides that are difficult to prepare via the conventional methods can be generated using this new method.

A series of aryloxyacetic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized as 4-hydoxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors. Preliminary bioassay results reveal that these derivatives are promising Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD ( At HPPD) inhibitors, in particular compounds I12 ( K i = 0.011 µM) and I23 ( K i = 0.012 µM), which exhibit similar activities to that of mesotrione, a commercial HPPD herbicide ( K i = 0.013 µM). Furthermore, the newly synthesized compounds show significant greenhouse herbicidal activities against tested weeds at dosages of 150 g ai/ha. In particular, II4 exhibited high herbicidal activity for pre-emergence treatment that was slightly better than that of mesotrione. In addition, compound II4 was safe for weed control in maize fields at a rate of 150 g ai/ha, and was identified as the most potent candidate for a novel HPPD inhibitor herbicide. The compounds described herein may provide useful guidance for the design of new HPPD inhibiting herbicides and their modification., (Copyright © 2020, Wang et al.; licensee Beilstein-Institut.)

For over half a century, thousands of tons of triphenylphosphine oxide Ph 3 P(O) have been produced every year from the chemical industries as a useless chemical waste. Here we disclose efficient transformations of Ph 3 P(O) with cheap resource-abundant metallic sodium finely dispersed in paraffin oil. Ph 3 P(O) can be easily and selectively transformed to three reactive organophosphorus intermediates-sodium diphenylphosphinite, sodium 5H-benzo[b]phosphindol-5-olate and sodium benzo[b]phosphindol-5-ide-that efficiently give the corresponding functional organophosphorus compounds in good yields. These functional organophosphorus compounds are difficult to prepare but highly industrially useful compounds. This may allow Ph 3 P(O) to be used as a precious starting material for highly valuable phosphorus compounds., (© 2020. The Author(s).)

Recently, increasing studies showed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in tumor progression. However, the function and underlying mechanism of HOMEOBOX A11 antisense RNA (HOXA11-AS) on renal cancer remain unclear. In the current study, our data showed that the expression of HOXA11-AS was significantly upregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and cell lines. High HOXA11-AS expression was associated with the advanced clinical stage, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis. Function assays showed that HOXA11-AS inhibition significantly suppressed renal cancer cells growth, invasion, and ETM phenotype. In addition, underlying mechanism revealed that HOXA11-AS could act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that repressed miR-146b-5p expression, which regulated its downstream target MMP16 in renal cancer. Taken together, our findings suggested that HOXA11-AS could promote renal cancer cells growth and invasion by modulating miR-146b-5p-MMP16 axis. Thus, our findings suggested that HOXA11-AS could serve as potential therapeutic target for the treatment of renal cancer., (© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

In this paper, a novel parallel factor (PARAFAC) model for processing the nested vector-sensor array is proposed. It is first shown that a nested vector-sensor array can be divided into multiple nested scalar-sensor subarrays. By means of the autocorrelation matrices of the measurements of these subarrays and the cross-correlation matrices among them, it is then demonstrated that these subarrays can be transformed into virtual scalar-sensor uniform linear arrays (ULAs). When the measurement matrices of these scalar-sensor ULAs are combined to form a third-order tensor, a novel PARAFAC model is obtained, which corresponds to a longer vector-sensor ULA and includes all of the measurements of the difference co-array constructed from the original nested vector-sensor array. Analyses show that the proposed PARAFAC model can fully use all of the measurements of the difference co-array, instead of its partial measurements as the reported models do in literature. It implies that all of the measurements of the difference co-array can be fully exploited to do the 2-D direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization parameter estimation effectively by a PARAFAC decomposition method so that both the better estimation performance and slightly improved identifiability are achieved. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed model.

A silver-free palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenative phosphorylation of terminal alkynes with hydrogen phosphine oxides has been developed. Both aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes including those bearing functional groups coupled readily with hydrogen phosphine oxides, producing the corresponding value-added alkynylphosphine oxides in good to excellent yields. This reaction could be easily conducted at gram scales (10 mmol) without any decrease of the reaction efficiency, showing highly potential synthetic value in organic synthesis. A plausible Pd(0)/Pd(II) mechanism is proposed.

A novel and efficient t-BuOK-mediated reductive addition of P(O)-H compounds to terminal alkynes was developed. A variety of β-arylphosphine oxides including the valuable β-heteroarylphosphine oxides were produced in moderate to high yields under mild reaction conditions. This reaction may proceed via a tandem process involving regio-selective double addition and subsequent transfer hydrogenation.

Fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness is one of the most important parameters in prenatal screening. Locating the mid-sagittal plane is one of the key points to measure NT. In this paper, an automatic method for the sagittal plane detection using 3-D ultrasound data is proposed. To avoid unnecessary massive searching and the corresponding huge computation load, a model is proposed to turn the sagittal plane detection problem into a symmetry plane and axis searching problem. The deep belief network (DBN) and a modified circle detection method provide prior knowledge for the searching. The experiments show that in most cases, the result plane has small distance error and angle error at the same time-88.6% of the result planes have a distance error less than 4 mm and 71.0% have angle error less than 20°., (Copyright © 2016 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) is characterized by its non-contact and real-time analysis. Its application to the determination of steel composition can meet the need of high-speed, continuous and automatic production in large steel companies. In the present article the minor elements concentrations of aluminum, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, and titanium in a series of stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti samples were determinate by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, based on a Nd : YAG Q-switched solid laser with wavelength 1 064 nm as an exciting source and ICCD as detector. In the experiment the working delay time and gate time of ICCD were set suitably to get high signal-to-noise ratio emission spectral lines, and the internal standardization method related to matrix effect was used to deal with spectral data. Experiment results show that the concentration ratios of all the measured elements versus the reference element ferrum have a good linear relationship with the intensity ratios of them, the detection limits of the five tested elements are within 150 microg x g(-1).

The cobalt spectrum measurement was conducted with the experiment setup including a Nd : YAG Q-switched solid laser as the exciting light, and YG hard alloy as the sample. Experiments show that the 345. 35 nm sensitive spectral line intensity of Co in YG3 demonstrates a parabola trend with the increase in power density, and as the power density exceeds 1. 2 X 10(8) W x cm(-2), the spectrum intensity becomes stronger, and its deflection becomes less. The experiments on measuring Co concentration in YG hard alloy series show that the concentration of cobalt has a good linear relationship with its spectral intensity, the maximum relative error of measurement is 5. 08%, and the result is reliable with higher precision.