Search

Applications : the study of highly advanced hybrid nanofluids has aroused the interest of academics and engineers, particularly those working in the fields of chemical and applied thermal engineering. The improved properties of hybrid nanoliquids are superior to those of earlier classes of nanofluids (which are simply referred to as nanofluids). Therefore, it is essential to report on the process of analyzing nanofluids by passing them through elastic surfaces, as this is a typical practice in engineering and industrial applications. Purpose and methodology : the investigation of hybrid nanoliquids was the sole focus of this research, which was conducted using a stretched sheet. Using supporting correlations, an estimate was made of the improved thermal conductivity, density, heat capacitance, and viscosity. In addition, the distinctiveness of the model was increased by the incorporation of a variety of distinct physical limitations, such as thermal slip, radiation, micropolarity, uniform surface convection, and stretching effects. After that, a numerical analysis of the model was performed, and the physical results are presented. Core findings : the results of the model showed that it is possible to attain the desired momentum of hybrid nanofluids by keeping the fluidic system at a uniform suction, and that this momentum may be enhanced by increasing the force of the injecting fluid via a stretched sheet. Surface convection, thermal radiation, and high dissipative energy are all great physical instruments that can be used to acquire heat in hybrid nanofluids. This heat acquisition is significant from both an applied thermal engineering perspective and a chemical engineering perspective. The features of simple nano and common hybrid nanoliquids have been compared and the results indicate that hybrid nanofluids exhibit dominant behavior when measured against the percentage concentration of nanoparticles, which enables them to be used in large-scale practical applications., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no financial/competing interest regarding this work., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Nanofluids are referred to as nanometer suspensions in standard nanometer-sized fluid transfer. In this study, our focus was to examine the flow and transmission of heat through a non-parallel walled channel of nanofluids. For this purpose, we used the thermal transport in H 2 O composed of Al 2 O 3 and γ-Al 2 O 3 nanomaterials within the convergent/divergent channel for stretching/shrinking parameters. The flow was considered two-dimensional and unsteady. As a result, the flow of an unstable fluid, including various nanoparticles, was modeled within the convergent/divergent channel. A suitable similarity transformation was used to convert the complicated coupled system of differential equations into a non-dimensional form. For numerical solutions, the complicated system of equations was first transformed into a set of first-order differential equations using the shooting method. The Runge-Kutta (RK-4) method was then used to solve the reduced first-order equations. To comprehend the flow pattern and temperature and velocity profile deviations caused by dimensionless parameters, a graphical investigation was performed. Graphs were also used to investigate the variation in the velocity and temperature profiles for various emerging factors., Competing Interests: The authors declare there is no financial/competing interest regarding to this work., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Osler Weber Rendu Syndrome (OWS) is characterized by the development of abnormally dilated blood vessels, which manifest as arteriovenous shunts (pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and cerebral) and mucocutaneous telangiectasias (lips, tongue, and fingertips). It is an autosomal dominant disease with a defect in transforming growth factor beta superfamily genes. This defect results in increased angiogenesis and disruption of vessel wall integrity. The disease remains underreported, with occasional history of recurrent epistaxis, iron deficiency anemia, and gastrointestinal bleeding in moderate to severe cases. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and confirmed by genetic testing. Various local (nasal saline, air humidification, laser ablation, and electric cauterization for epistaxis and endoscopic Argon Plasma Coagulation-APC for active GI bleeding), surgical, and systemic (tranexamic acid and antiangiogenic agents like bevacizumab and thalidomide) treatment options are used depending upon disease severity. Here, we present a case with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding refractory to endoscopic APC ablation and thalidomide and severe symptomatic anemia requiring multiple packed red cell transfusions. The patient was ultimately started on bevacizumab, to which he had a good response and has remained in remission for 8 months as of now. This case emphasizes the need to have a low threshold of suspicion to diagnose HHT and start targeted therapy like bevacizumab early on in moderate to severe cases of HHT rather than just relying on temporizing palliative measures like ablation, cauterization, and tranexamic acid., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yunus, Amin, Haq, Ali, Hamid, Ali, Ullah and Bai.)

In the current research article, the two-dimensional, incompressible, steady fluid flow is considered. The heat transfer rate of water-based aggregated fluid between converging/diverging channels of shrinking/stretching walls due to the effects of thermal radiation has been examined. The strong static magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the radial direction. The modeled governing equations are transformed into non-linear dimensionless ordinary differential equations by considering appropriate similarity transformations. Since the obtained ODEs are strongly non-linear and the exact solution of these equations is not possible, thus we applied the numerical method RK4 combined with the shooting technique to handle the equations. The impacts of several influential parameters on velocity, temperature, and entropy generation profiles are examined graphically., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A 55-year-old male patient presented to us with jaundice and right upper quadrant pain. Investigations showed elevated alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, normal alanine transaminase, and negative viral profile. Sonographic and computed tomographic scans show hepatosplenomegaly with hypodense lesion in liver associated with lymph nodes enlargement in the region of porta hepatis celiac axis, mediastinal and axillary lymphadenopathy. On immunohistochemistry, cells were positive for cluster of differentiation (CD)-19, CD-20, CD-21, c-myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-MYC), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), multiple myeloma oncogene-1 (MUM-1), same as B cell markers so it is diagnosed as PHL. DLBCL especially PHL shall be considered among the differentials of space-occupying lesions of liver. Early diagnosis of primary hepatic lymphoma is not a difficult task if excisional lymph node biopsy is taken following detection on ultrasound or CT scan which will lead to improved treatment, improvement in survival, and cost-effectiveness with good prognostic outcomes., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Ul Haq et al.)

The analysis of nanofluids under various physical scenarios convinced the researchers and scientists because of their broad range of applications in potential area of the current time like chemical engineering, biomedical engineering and applied thermal engineering etc. To give the final shape of many industrial and engineering processes, enhanced heat transfer desired, therefore, the study of Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O, γAl 2 O 3 -H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 -C 2 H 6 O 2 , and γAl 2 O 3 - C 2 H 6 O 2 nanofluids is reported. The model successfully achieved after mathematical operations and by appealing similarity transforms. To examine the behavior of heat transfer, numerical tools utilized and performed the results. It is observed that enhanced heat transfer in Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O, γAl 2 O 3 -H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 -C 2 H 6 O 2 , and γAl 2 O 3 -C 2 H 6 O 2 could be attained by setting nanoparticles concentration up to 20%. For Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O, γAl 2 O 3 -H 2 O, optimum heat transfer trends noticed due to their prominent thermophysical values. Also, fewer effects of combined convection on θ ( η ) examined.