11 results on '"Treasure, Trevor"'
Search Results
2. Effect of lignin chemistry on the enzymatic hydrolysis of woody biomass.
- Author
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Yu Z, Gwak KS, Treasure T, Jameel H, Chang HM, and Park S
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Cellulase chemistry, Hydrolysis, Biomass, Cellulase metabolism, Lignin chemistry, Wood chemistry
- Abstract
The impact of lignin-derived inhibition on enzymatic hydrolysis is investigated by using lignins isolated from untreated woods and pretreated wood pulps. A new method, biomass reconstruction, for which isolated lignins are precipitated onto bleached pulps to mimic lignocellulosic biomass, is introduced, for the first time, to decouple the lignin distribution issue from lignin chemistry. Isolated lignins are physically mixed and reconstructed with bleached pulps. Lignins obtained from pretreated woods adsorb two to six times more cellulase than lignins obtained from untreated woods. The higher adsorption of enzymes on lignin correlates with decreased carbohydrate conversion in enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, the reconstructed softwood substrate has a lower carbohydrate conversion than the reconstructed hardwood substrate. The degree of condensation of lignin increases significantly after pretreatment, especially with softwood lignins. In this study, the degree of condensation of lignin (0.02 to 0.64) and total OH groups in lignin (1.7 to 1.1) have a critical impact on cellulase adsorption (9 to 70%) and enzymatic hydrolysis (83.2 to 58.2%); this may provide insights into the more recalcitrant nature of softwood substrates., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Craniofacial approaches and reconstruction in skull base surgery: techniques for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon.
- Author
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Treasure TE, Dean JS, and Gear RD Jr
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic surgery, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery, Cervical Vertebrae pathology, Cervical Vertebrae surgery, Cranial Nerve Neoplasms, Ear Neoplasms surgery, Facial Neoplasms surgery, Female, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Infratentorial Neoplasms surgery, Male, Meningioma surgery, Neurilemmoma surgery, Radiography, Skull Base diagnostic imaging, Skull Base Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Spinal Neoplasms surgery, Surgical Flaps, Surgical Mesh, Trigeminal Nerve Diseases surgery, Craniomandibular Disorders surgery, Craniotomy methods, Osteotomy, Le Fort methods, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Skull Base surgery, Skull Base Neoplasms surgery, Trigeminal Nerve surgery
- Abstract
Skull base surgery (SBS) is considered the standard of care in treating benign and malignant lesions of the cranial base. SBS is a multidisciplinary team approach used to treat these complex lesions that may have intracranial extension. SBS can be broken down into 3 steps. Transfacial access is performed, followed by resection with sound oncologic principles, and then reconstruction of the cranial base and facial structures. Functional and esthetic concerns must be addressed by the surgeons. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons frequently perform elective facial osteotomies and treat victims of cranial base trauma. These same principles can be applied to SBS as a part of the skull base team., (Copyright © 2013 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Impact of hardwood species on production cost of second generation ethanol.
- Author
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Santos RB, Treasure T, Gonzalez R, Phillips R, Lee JM, Jameel H, and Chang HM
- Subjects
- Capital Expenditures, Computer Simulation, Costs and Cost Analysis, Hydrolysis, Lignin metabolism, Models, Economic, Paper, Species Specificity, Biofuels economics, Biotechnology economics, Biotechnology methods, Ethanol economics, Wood chemistry
- Abstract
The present work targeted the understanding of the influence of nine different hardwood species as feedstock on ethanol production yield and costs. It was found that the minimum ethanol revenue (MER) ($ per gallon to the producer) to achieve a 12% internal rate of return (IRR) on invested capital was smaller for low lignin content samples and the influence of species characteristics remained restricted to high residual lignin content. We show that if the pretreatment being applied to the feedstock targets or is limited to low lignin removal, one can expect the species to have a significant impact on overall economics, playing important role to project success. This study also showed a variation of up to 40% in relative MER among hardwood species, where maple, globulus and sweet gum varied the least. Sensitivity analysis showed ethanol yield per ton of feedstock had the largest influence in MER, followed by CAPEX., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Poly(propylene fumarate) reinforced dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement composites for bone tissue engineering.
- Author
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Alge DL, Bennett J, Treasure T, Voytik-Harbin S, Goebel WS, and Chu TM
- Subjects
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Male, Rabbits, Tissue Scaffolds, Bone Cements, Bone and Bones, Calcium Phosphates chemistry, Fumarates chemistry, Polypropylenes chemistry, Tissue Engineering
- Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements have many desirable properties for bone tissue engineering, including osteoconductivity, resorbability, and amenability to rapid prototyping-based methods for scaffold fabrication. In this study, we show that dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) cements, which are highly resorbable but also inherently weak and brittle, can be reinforced with poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) to produce strong composites with mechanical properties suitable for bone tissue engineering. Characterization of DCPD-PPF composites revealed significant improvements in mechanical properties for cements with a 1.0 powder to liquid ratio. Compared with nonreinforced controls, flexural strength improved from 1.80 ± 0.19 MPa to 16.14 ± 1.70 MPa, flexural modulus increased from 1073.01 ± 158.40 MPa to 1303.91 ± 110.41 MPa, maximum displacement during testing increased from 0.11 ± 0.04 mm to 0.51 ± 0.09 mm, and work of fracture improved from 2.74 ± 0.78 J/m(2) to 249.21 ± 81.64 J/m(2) . To demonstrate the utility of our approach for scaffold fabrication, 3D macroporous scaffolds were prepared with rapid prototyping technology. Compressive testing revealed that PPF reinforcement increased scaffold strength from 0.31 ± 0.06 MPa to 7.48 ± 0.77 MPa. Finally, 3D PPF-DCPD scaffolds were implanted into calvarial defects in rabbits for 6 weeks. Although the addition of mesenchymal stem cells to the scaffolds did not significantly improve the extent of regeneration, numerous bone nodules with active osteoblasts were observed within the scaffold pores, especially in the peripheral regions. Overall, the results of this study suggest that PPF-DCPD composites may be promising scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Reduction of enzyme dosage by oxygen delignification and mechanical refining for enzymatic hydrolysis of green liquor-pretreated hardwood.
- Author
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Koo BW, Treasure TH, Jameel H, Phillips RB, Chang HM, and Park S
- Subjects
- Biomass, Bioreactors, Carbonates chemistry, Cellulase metabolism, Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases metabolism, Fermentation, Hydrolysis, Oxygen, Porosity, Sulfides chemistry, Temperature, beta-Glucosidase metabolism, Biofuels, Ethanol metabolism, Industrial Microbiology methods, Lignin metabolism, Monosaccharides biosynthesis, Wood metabolism
- Abstract
In this study, a strategy to reduce enzyme dosage is evaluated by applying two post-treatments, oxygen delignification and mechanical refining. The sugar conversion for GL12 substrates was increased from 51.5% to 77.9% with post-treatments at the enzyme dosage of 10 FPU. When the amount of enzyme was reduced to 5 FPU with post-treatments, the conversion of 71.8% was obtained, which was significant higher than the conversion without any post-treatment using 10 FPU (51.5%). This clearly demonstrates the benefit of post-treatments that allows more than 50% of enzyme reduction at the same level of enzymatic conversion. Enzyme-accessible surface area and pore volume were evaluated by Simons' staining and DSC thermoporometry methods, and strong correlations were found with the sugar conversion.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Cervical necrotizing fasciitis originating with a periapical infection.
- Author
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Treasure T, Hughes W, and Bennett J
- Subjects
- Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Debridement, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Eikenella, Enterobacter, Fasciitis, Necrotizing microbiology, Fasciitis, Necrotizing surgery, Fasciitis, Necrotizing therapy, Fluid Therapy, Haemophilus, Humans, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Neck, Neisseria, Periapical Abscess microbiology, Streptococcus pyogenes, Time Factors, Fasciitis, Necrotizing etiology, Periapical Abscess complications
- Abstract
Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly spreading, soft-tissue infection involving the subcutaneous tissues. Necrotizing fasciitis originating from a dental-related source is rare. Practitioners should be aware that this infection could occur in patients who are immunocompromised and in patients who are healthy. Practitioners must treat this disease aggressively with surgical debridement and intensive medical support., Case Description: The authors present a case report of a man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus in whom a periapical infection progressed into a maxillofacial space abscess and finally cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF). A delay in his initial visit to a dentist was evident. The authors observed a successful outcome in the patient after he underwent several wide surgical debridement procedures, hyperbaric oxygen therapy and a protracted, intensive hospital stay lasting 34 days., Conclusions: Dentists should suspect that a patient has CNF when maxillofacial cellulitis or an abscess does not respond to conventional therapy. Findings of spreading skin erythema, induration, purple discoloration and anesthesia suggest necrotizing fasciitis. Early computed tomography scans may reveal gas within the deep tissues of the neck, fascial plane involvement or both., Clinical Implications: CNF has high morbidity and mortality rates if rapid aggressive therapy is not pursued. Spread of this polymicrobial infection can lead to mediastinitis or cranial base involvement. Mortality is directly proportional to the time to intervention.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The "bone-less" bone graft: The use of bone morphogenic protein-2 in jaw reconstruction.
- Author
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Treasure T
- Subjects
- Absorbable Implants, Animals, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 therapeutic use, Bone Regeneration drug effects, Collagen, Drug Carriers, Humans, Osteogenesis drug effects, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins therapeutic use, Jaw Diseases surgery, Recombinant Proteins therapeutic use, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Transforming Growth Factor beta therapeutic use
- Abstract
A growth factor known as Bone Morphogenic Protein has through recombinant technology been made available to dentists as a "bone-less" bone graft. This recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 is placed on an absorbable collagen sponge carrier and delivered to a site of bone deficiency. This material will induce new osteoblasts to form from mesenchymal stem cells in the surrounding recipient site. This eliminates the need for an autogenous bone graft and its inherent surgical morbidity. The new bone formed is of the same quality and quantity as that produced by autogenous grafting. Dentists should be familiar with alternative techniques of bone grafting in contemporary practice.
- Published
- 2010
9. Surgical treatment algorithm for odontogenic keratocyst: combined treatment of odontogenic keratocyst and mandibular defect with marsupialization, enucleation, iliac crest bone graft, and dental implants.
- Author
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Tolstunov L and Treasure T
- Subjects
- Bacterial Infections complications, Bone Transplantation, Decision Trees, Decompression, Surgical, Dental Implantation, Endosseous, HIV Seropositivity complications, Humans, Male, Mandibular Diseases complications, Mandibular Diseases pathology, Middle Aged, Odontogenic Cysts complications, Odontogenic Cysts pathology, Recurrence, Reoperation, Tooth Extraction, Mandibular Diseases surgery, Odontogenic Cysts surgery, Oral Surgical Procedures methods
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Office-based anesthesia.
- Author
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Treasure T and Bennett J
- Subjects
- Analgesics therapeutic use, Anesthesia, General, Anesthesia, Local, Anti-Anxiety Agents therapeutic use, Conscious Sedation, Humans, Ambulatory Surgical Procedures, Anesthesia, Dental, Dental Offices, Tooth, Impacted surgery
- Abstract
The practice of office-based oral and maxillofacial surgery is continuously expanding and involves the management of a diverse population in regards to the surgical procedures performed within the office and the age and medical health of the patients treated within the office. Comfort, cooperation, and hemodynamic stability are critical to satisfactorily accomplishing the surgical procedure. Various anesthetic techniques are used, including local anesthesia, anxiolysis, analgesia and sedation, and general anesthesia. The topic is vast and too extensive to be fully discussed in this article. The intent of this article is to provide a discussion of some fundamental concepts that can optimize anesthetic safety and care.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. External auditory canal carcinoma involving the temporomandibular joint: two cases presenting as temporomandibular disorders.
- Author
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Treasure T
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic complications, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic surgery, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell complications, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery, Ear Neoplasms complications, Ear Neoplasms surgery, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Male, Mastoid surgery, Temporal Bone surgery, Temporomandibular Joint surgery, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders etiology, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic diagnosis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis, Diagnostic Errors, Ear Canal surgery, Ear Neoplasms diagnosis, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders diagnosis
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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