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Pancreatic pseudocyst is a common complication secondary to acute or chronic pancreatitis. The extension of a pseudocyst into the mediastinum is extremely rare, with notably few reported cases in the pediatric age group found in the literature. This report presents a giant pancreatic pseudocyst with mediastinal extension that developed secondary to TRPV6 gene mutation in a 12-year-old male patient with no previously known disease and normal laboratory values., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the use of Gerdy's tubercle (GT) as an innovative and dependable anatomical landmark for the proximal tibial cut in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in cases with extensive knee degeneration., Materials and Methods: One hundred dry tibia bones and 10 formalin-fixed cadaveric knee specimens of both sexes were examined. A Zimmer NexGen tibial cutting guide and a Mitutoyo digital caliper were utilized to align the guide with the tibia's mechanical axis. The procedure was replicated on cadaver knees using a standardized medial parapatellar arthrotomy approach. Measurements included the distance from GT superior border to the resection line and the length of the tibia. A radiological study involving magnetic resonance imaging examinations of 48 patients, which were evaluated focusing on the upper border of GT and the least degenerated segment of the posterolateral part of the lateral tibial condyle, was conducted., Results: Anatomical measurements of GT and proximal tibial areas in 110 specimens showed slight but consistent variations with cadaver measurements. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of 48 patients revealed notable sex differences in the distance between the superior border of GT and the tibia's posterolateral surface. There was also a significant negative correlation between the distance from GT to the posterolateral corner and cartilage thickness., Conclusion: Proper alignment in TKA is crucial for success, but identifying an extra-articular landmark for horizontal tibial resection remains challenging, particularly in severely arthritic knees. This study introduces GT as a novel anatomical landmark for TKA, offering a more reliable reference for achieving desired joint levels in knees with significant degenerative changes.

Objective: To investigate whether there are differences in multimodality imaging characteristics of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on menopausal status., Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study reviewed clinicopathologic features and radiological imaging findings of 81 patients with TNBC, of whom 38.2% (31/81) were pre- and perimenopausal and 61.7% (50/81) postmenopausal. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Subgroup analysis excluding non-basal TNBCs was also conducted., Results: Fifty-eight percent (18/31) of TNBCs in the premenopausal group were round or oval in shape, whereas irregularly shaped tumors accounted for 82.0% (41/50) in postmenopausal group (P < 0.001). Associated calcifications were more common in the postmenopausal group (59.5% (25/42) versus 16.6% (3/18)) (P = 0.07). The subgroup analyses that included only basal-type TNBCs were also consistent with these results. Sixty percent (15/25) of basal-like TNBCs in the premenopausal group had a round or oval shape, whereas 82.3% (28/34) of tumors in the postmenopausal group had an irregular shape (P = 0.001). Moreover, 36.0% (9/25) of basal-like TNBCs in the premenopausal group had microlobulated margins, while 73.5% (25/34) of the postmenopausal group had spiculated margins (P = 0.001). On MRI, most common finding was a T2 hyperintense mass with rim enhancement., Conclusion: Menopausal status should be taken into consideration when considering breast cancer phenotype. Although imaging findings alone are not sufficient for determining the phenotype, such information can aid better understanding of the biological behavior of TNBCs., (© Society of Breast Imaging 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)