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Purpose: Persistent hyperparathyroidism (PTHPT) in kidney transplant recipients is associated with bone loss, graft dysfunction and cardiovascular mortality. There is no clear consensus on the management of PTHPT. Accurate risk prediction of the disease is needed to support individualized treatment decisions. We aim to develop a useful predictive model to provide early intervention for hyperparathyroidism in these patients., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 263 kidney transplantations in the urology department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022. The overall cohort was randomly assigned 70% of the patients to the training cohort and 30% to the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for PTHPT and to construct the predictive model. This model was assessed regarding discrimination, consistency, and clinical benefit., Results: The occurrence of PTHPT was 25.9% (68 out of 263 patients) in this study. Dialysis duration, postoperative 3-month intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 3-month corrected calcium (cCa), and 3-month phosphorus (P) are independent risk factors for the development of PTHPT. The nomogram showed good discrimination with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.926 in the training cohort and 0.903 in the validation cohort. The calibration curve and decision curve also showed that the model was well-evaluated., Conclusion: We developed a validated nomogram model to predict PTHPT after kidney transplantation. This can help the clinic prevent and control PTHPT early and improve patients' prognosis., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Kidneys with double renal arteries are used on a routine basis nowadays, and separate anastomosis in situ is one of the suitable arterial anastomosis procedures. The commonly used methods are parallel end-to-side anastomoses of double arteries to the external iliac artery, and end-to-end anastomosis to the internal iliac artery combined with end-to-side anastomosis to the external iliac artery. No studies have compared the prognoses of the two procedures in deceased kidney transplantation., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 35 consecutive deceased kidney transplantations with double arterial anastomoses in the urology department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2018 to April 2021. Group I comprised recipients with double parallel end-to-side anastomoses to the external iliac artery; Group II comprised the others. Their prognoses were then compared., Results: There were no significant differences between Group I and II in characteristics of recipients and donors. The mean eGFRs at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-transplant in Group I and II were 36.4 vs 54.1 (P = 0.009), 40.4 vs 54.4 (P = 0.02), 40.4 vs 56.9 (P = 0.02) and 39.8 vs 57.9 (P = 0.007) mL/min respectively. There was no difference in early postoperative complications and 1-year survival rates between the two groups (P = 1.00)., Conclusion: Separate anastomosis is a reliable procedure for deceased kidney transplantation with double arteries. Double separate anastomoses to the external and internal iliac arteries have better graft function compared with double parallel anastomoses to the external iliac artery during the first year after transplantation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no related conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Asian Surgical Association and Taiwan Society of Coloproctology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The application of nanomaterials in healthcare has emerged as a promising strategy due to their unique structural diversity, surface properties, and compositional diversity. In particular, nanomaterials have found a significant role in improving drug delivery and inhibiting the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted their potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhancing the activity of immune cells to improve tumor therapy efficacy. Various types of nanomaterials are currently utilized as drug carriers, immunosuppressants, immune activators, immunoassay reagents, and more for tumor immunotherapy. Necessarily, nanomaterials used for tumor immunotherapy can be grouped into two categories: organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Though both have shown the ability to achieve the purpose of tumor immunotherapy, their composition and structural properties result in differences in their mechanisms and modes of action. Organic nanomaterials can be further divided into organic polymers, cell membranes, nanoemulsion-modified, and hydrogel forms. At the same time, inorganic nanomaterials can be broadly classified as nonmetallic and metallic nanomaterials. The current work aims to explore the mechanisms of action of these different types of nanomaterials and their prospects for promoting tumor immunotherapy., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)