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Objectives: To assess whether implant macrodesign parameters interacting with implant time in function (Tf) could influence the peri-implantitis occurrence., Materials and Methods: One hundred and two patients (55.17 ± 11.2 years old) with diagnosed early/moderate peri-implantitis around endosseous implants with implant-supported prosthetics reconstruction (n = 139) were recruited. Implant macrodesign (implant shape, thread number, implant collar), clinical parameters (peri-implant probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinised tissue width (KTW), plaque index, bleeding on probe), implant placement localisation and region, and Tf were assessed and compared., Results: Peri-implantitis occurred approximately 6.1 ± 3.38 years after implant loading. There was a significant positive correlation between the implant macrodesign and Tf. Peri-implantitis rates were statistically significantly higher in implants with a cylindric shape and triple-thread in the posterior part of the mandible (p = 0.037 and 0.012, respectively). The thread number and implant shape interacting with Tf showed statistically significant influences on CAL and PPD increase (p < 0.05). Results indicated a statistically positive interaction between Tf and KTW decrease around the implants with microthreaded collar (p < 0.001)., Conclusion: Peri-implantitis might be presented as a time-dependent disease. Implant-based factors, such as Tf and implant macrodesign, could influence peri-implantitis occurrence, exacerbate clinical parameters, and promote progressive bone loss., Clinical Relevance: Peri-implantitis can be affected by implant macrodesign and Tf. The implant body shape, thread number, and design of the implant collar may be considered peri-implantitis-related risk indicators that should be taken into account in proper implant planning and therapy., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is becoming a major public health problem in the Republic of Serbia. Organized mass screening has been shown to decrease CRC mortality and even its incidence. The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability of a faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin proposed by primary care physicians. From August to November 2013, a pilot study for CRC screening was organized in individuals aged 50 to 74 years. The study included 50 primary healthcare centres from all 25 administrative regions of Serbia. A qualitative immunochromatographic faecal immunochemical test for human haemoglobin detection was used. Overall, 50 894 individuals were invited. The participation rate was 67.8 and 3.4% of the tests were positive. Among individuals with a positive test, 69.7% agreed to undergo colonoscopy. The positive predictive value was 27.1% for adenoma and 14.6% for carcinoma. This was the first CRC screening project encompassing approximately one-third of primary healthcare facilities in all regions across the country. It showed a good response of the target population and satisfactory cooperation of the healthcare professionals involved.

Aim: The aim of this study was comparing the effect of flapless vs. flap technique of implant placement on inflammation degree of peri-implant soft tissue, through histopathological analysis., Method: The experiment was conducted on five domestic pigs. Nine weeks after tooth extraction, implants were installed. Each animal received six implants in mandible. According to split-mouth design, randomly one side was used for flapless technique using mini-incision, while on the other side, flap was raised. After 7, 14, 21, 28, and 90 days, the experimental animals were sacrificed. Samples for histopathological analyzes were taken from the buccal side of peri-implant mucosa next to the neck of implants, from three levels. The degree of inflammatory response in the peri-implant soft tissue was estimated through ordinal scores from 0 to 3., Results: In the flap group Score 3 indicating high degree of inflammation was present from day 7 to day 21, in contrast to flapless group where Score 3 was not recorded during the entire follow-up. Three months after implantation, there were no signs of inflammation neither around flap nor around flapless implants., Conclusion: Flapless surgical implantation technique using mini-incision decreases peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory reaction compared with flap surgery., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) represents a serious complication after abdominal surgery. Therefore, it is important to detect it early before it becomes clinically apparent. The predictive value of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a marker of infective postoperative complications, particularly in the form of anastomotic leakage, has been investigated by several authors with promising results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of C-reactive protein in predicting anastomotic leakage., Methods: The serum CRP level, white blood cell (WBC) count, and body temperature (BT) of 156 patients who underwent elective abdominal surgery with primary anastomosis were monitored daily until postoperative day (POD) 7. We recorded all postoperative complications and analyzed the data. Diagnostic accuracy of CRP with regard to development of AL was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis., Results: Fifteen patients (9.6 %) developed anastomotic leakage. CRP was significantly higher every day during the first 7 postoperative days in patients who developed AL compared with those patients who did not develop complications, whereas the WBC count and BT were not. A CRP cutoff value of 135 mg/l on POD 3 yielded a sensitivity of 73 %, a specificity of 73 %, and a negative predictive value of 95.4 % for the detection of AL., Conclusions: According to our results, values of CRP less than 135 mg/l on POD 3 may contribute to a safe discharge from hospital. Patients with CRP values higher than 135 mg/l on POD 3 require prolonged hospitalization and an intensive search for infective complications, particularly AL.

Aim: The aim of this 1-year prospective cohort study was to evaluate the outcomes and complications of immediately loaded mini dental implants used for stabilizing mandibular overdentures in edentulous patients wearing conventional complete dentures., Materials and Methods: Thirty patients received mandibular conventional complete dentures that were subsequently retained by 4 immediately loaded mini dental implants placed in the interforaminal region. Overdenture success, implant success and biological and prosthetic complications were evaluated after the first year of service. Quality of life using the Oral Heath Impact Profile (OHIP)- EDENT test, satisfaction with dental prosthesis and chewing efficiency using questionnaires and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were evaluated twice: after they had received mandibular complete dentures, and again after they had received mandibular overdentures., Results: After 1 year, no overdenture failed and 2 implants did not osseointegrate, resulting in a 98.3% success rate for loaded implants and 95.9% for total implants used (3 out of 123 were not loaded due to fracture). A flap surgical approach was performed in 7 patients, 3 implants fractured during insertion, 3 overdentures fractured, occlusion balancing was necessary for 11 dentures and relining for 8. Implant rehabilitation provided significant improvement in quality of life, stability, comfort, chewing and speaking ability while no significant differences were found in quality of maintenance of hygiene and for aesthetics., Conclusions: Mini dental implant retained overdentures can be a successful therapeutic procedure for treating mandibular edentulism that improves quality of life, patient satisfaction and chewing ability in patients wearing maxillary dentures. Longer follow-ups are needed to validate this therapy in the medium and long-term.

Purpose: The National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-K/DOQI™) 2003 and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2009 have established guidelines for the treatement of secondary hyperparathyroidism. This study evaluated the impact of parathyroidectomy to achieve recommended values for parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and CaxPO(4) product in dialysis patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism that is resistant to medical treatment., Methods: This study included 43 consecutive patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for a severe form of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) that is unresponsive to medical treatment. The serum iPTH, calcium and phosphorus levels were measured prior to surgery, every morning after surgery for 5 days and on the first, sixth and eighth postoperative months., Results: Following parathyroidectomy, a significant decline in iPTH values was observed in all patients; however, after the 8-month study period, only one of these patients achieved a serum iPTH concentration within the K/DOQI recommended target range. Unlike iPTH, targeting for calcium, phosphorus and CaxPO(4) at the last follow-up were 55.8%, 60.5% and 93%, respectively. These values indicated a significant improvement in comparison to preoperative percentages. In regards to the KDIGO recommended guidelines, the iPTH levels did not significantly change at the end of our study compared to preoperative values; however, calcium levels significantly declined and phosphorus levels significantly improved compared to preoperative values., Conclusions: Although the majority of patients fail to reach recommended iPTH values, parathyroidectomy remains a valuable tool to attain these NKF-K/DOQI recommendations for serum calcium, phosphorus and CaxPO(4) in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism resistant to medical therapy. Parathyroidectomy was shown to be an inadequate intervention for achieving KDIGO recommendations.

The design and fabrication procedures for implementing a high-density (16-microm center spacing) single-mode fiber (SMF) array are described. The specific application for this array is a parallel optical coherence tomography system for endoscopic imaging. We obtained fiber elements by etching standard single-mode SMF-28 fibers to a diameter of 14-15 microm. We equalized 1-m lengths of fiber to within 1 mm by using a fiber interferometer setup, and we describe a method for packaging arrays with as many as 100 fibers.

We discuss the use of holographic photopolymer materials for use as dense wavelength division multiplexing filters in the C-band of the optical communication spectrum. An edge-illuminated hologram configuration is described that effectively extends the grating length to achieve narrow band filters operating near 1550 nm in photopolymers that are 100-200-microm thick. This configuration enables the formation of apodized and cascaded filter systems. Rouard's method is used to examine the properties of both apodization and cascaded gratings and indicates the potential for narrow spectral bandwidths (< 0.2 nm) and high side-lobe suppression (<-- 30 dB). Initial experimental results with a commercially available photopolymer are provided that verify narrowband spectral-transmittance properties (< 0.6 nm) and the ability to apodize the index profile. The primary limitation of the design is the absorption of existing photopolymer materials. Optimizing the polymer chemistry for filter design at 1550 nm may solve this problem.