1. Development of narrow-spectrum topoisomerase-targeting antibacterials against mycobacteria.
- Author
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Sterle M, Habjan E, Piga M, Peršolja P, Durcik M, Dernovšek J, Szili P, Czikkely MS, Zidar N, Janez I, Pal C, Accetto T, Pardo LA, Kikelj D, Peterlin Mašič L, Tomašič T, Bitter W, Cotman AE, Speer A, and Zega A
- Subjects
- Humans, Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Structure, Mice, Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Antitubercular Agents pharmacology, Antitubercular Agents chemistry, Antitubercular Agents chemical synthesis, Drug Development, Mycobacterium drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, DNA Gyrase metabolism, Topoisomerase II Inhibitors pharmacology, Topoisomerase II Inhibitors chemistry, Topoisomerase II Inhibitors chemical synthesis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemical synthesis
- Abstract
New 2-pyrrolamidobenzothiazole-based inhibitors of mycobacterial DNA gyrase were discovered. Among these, compounds 49 and 51, show excellent antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus with a notable preference for mycobacteria. Both compounds can penetrate infected macrophages and reduce intracellular M. tuberculosis load. Compound 51 is a potent inhibitor of DNA gyrase (M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase IC
50 = 4.1 nM, Escherichia coli DNA gyrase IC50 of <10 nM), selective for bacterial topoisomerases. It displays low MIC90 values (M. tuberculosis: 0.63 μM; M. abscessus: 2.5 μM), showing specificity for mycobacteria, and no apparent toxicity. Compound 49 not only displays potent antimycobacterial activity (MIC90 values of 2.5 μM for M. tuberculosis and 0.63 μM for M. abscessus) and selectivity for mycobacteria but also exhibits favorable solubility (kinetic solubility = 55 μM) and plasma protein binding (with a fraction unbound of 2.9 % for human and 4.7 % for mouse). These findings underscore the potential of fine-tuning molecular properties to develop DNA gyrase B inhibitors that specifically target the mycobacterial chemical space, mitigating the risk of resistance development in non-target pathogens and minimizing harm to the microbiome., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)- Published
- 2024
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