Search

This study aims to analyze the application of the RBL-STEM learning model in improving students' financial literacy to control their consumptive behavior. The method used in this study combines qualitative and quantitative methods by involving 110 students of Riau University. The data of this study were analyzed using SEM PLS on nine Hypotheses that link the application of the RBL-STEM model, student literacy, and student consumptive behavior. The results showed that one hypothesis was rejected, namely the relationship between Risk management and consumptive behavior. The results of the outer model show that each indicator has a composite reliability (CR) value of >0.7 and an average variance extracted (AVE) value of >0.5. It concludes that the outer model used in this study is good. Based on the analysis results, in general, the application of the RBL-STEM learning model has a significant influence on increasing student financial literacy, which has an impact on controlling student consumptive behavior., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Disaster education remains crucial in building resilient communities, especially in natural disaster-prone areas. An essential element of the educational strategy in this paper involves local wisdom integration into teaching and learning processes. As such, the 'Tunjuk Ajar Melayu Riau' (TAMR) offers valuable insights with its profound knowledge of nature and environmental conservation. The research in this paper explores local wisdom integration values in TAMR into disaster education to enhance knowledge and didactic transpositions. The main research objectives in this paper include understanding the perspectives and values of local wisdom in TAMR concerning nature conservation as an investment in disaster preparedness values and knowledge (RQ1) and examining how a prototype model of nature conservation values in TAMR could guide local knowledge about disaster integration into disaster education (RQ2). The descriptive qualitative research studied in this paper contains four stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The study reveals three forms of knowledge transposition in TAMR: expressions, advice, and taboos. These aspects underline the TAMR values as guidance and local knowledge about the disaster - the keeping, utilizing, and preserving nature. The further findings split this preservation concept into land and water areas, which is crucial for spatial planning to reduce disaster risk. TAMR forms the foundation for knowledge and didactic transposition in disaster education to emphasize preventing floods, landslides, droughts, and forest and land fires. The meanings and values of TAMR necessitate further academic exploration to create a more comprehensive understanding and preservation. Integrating TAMR values as knowledge and didactic transposition based on local wisdom into disaster education emerged as a viable strategy for building a community resilient to disasters., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dominikus David Biondi Situmorang has the position to declare himself as one of Associate Editors in this journal. However, this article has been handled by another unidentified Associate Editor and reviewed by the Reviewers in an objective and double-blind manner, according to applicable regulations from Elsevier, Heliyon, and Cell Press., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Disaster risk reduction is a significant focus on sustainable development. One way to reduce disaster risk is through disaster education. Through disaster education, disaster knowledge and disaster mitigation knowledge will be obtained. This research is a preliminary study of didactic transposition in disaster education. The method used in this study is the SLR approach and bibliometric analysis. The research findings indicate four forms of connectedness, classified based on the main keyword, disaster knowledge. The four linkages are described as (a) co-occurrence network analysis; (b) word cloud analysis; (c) word tree maps analysis; and (d) network visualization analysis. Subsequently, the findings of the four connectedness are grouped into four clusters. The first cluster is disaster risk reduction, the second cluster is knowledge, the third cluster is disaster mitigation, and the fourth cluster is disaster knowledge. The four connectedness and four clusters will be used as recommendations for future research on the design and development of didactic transpositions in disaster education for prospective elementary school teachers., Competing Interests: Dominikus David Biondi Situmorang has a position to declare that he is one of the members of the journal's Editorial Teams or Associate Editor. However, this article is handled by another unknown Associate Editor and reviewed by the Reviewers objectively and double-blind, based on applicable regulations from Elsevier, Heliyon, and Cell Press., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Nowadays, foodborne pathogens and other food contaminants are among the major contributors to human illnesses and even deaths worldwide. There is a growing need for improvements in food safety globally. However, it is a challenge to detect and identify these harmful analytes in a rapid, sensitive, portable, and user-friendly manner. Recently, researchers have paid attention to the development of paper-based electrochemical biosensors due to their features and promising potential for food safety analysis. The use of paper in electrochemical biosensors offers several advantages such as device miniaturization, low sample consumption, inexpensive mass production, capillary force-driven fluid flow, and capability to store reagents within the pores of the paper substrate. Various paper-based electrochemical biosensors have been developed to enable the detection of foodborne pathogens and other contaminants that pose health hazards to humans. In this review, we discussed several aspects of the biosensors including different device designs (e.g., 2D and 3D devices), fabrication techniques, and electrode modification approaches that are often optimized to generate measurable signals for sensitive detection of analytes. The utilization of different nanomaterials for the modification of electrode surface to improve the detection of analytes via enzyme-, antigen/antibody-, DNA-, aptamer-, and cell-based bioassays is also described. Next, we discussed the current applications of the sensors to detect food contaminants such as foodborne pathogens, pesticides, veterinary drug residues, allergens, and heavy metals. Most of the electrochemical paper analytical devices (e-PADs) reviewed are small and portable, and therefore are suitable for field applications. Lastly, e-PADs are an excellent platform for food safety analysis owing to their user-friendliness, low cost, sensitivity, and a high potential for customization to meet certain analytical needs.

Diabetes is a major public health burden whose prevalence has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for diagnostics and monitoring glycemic control in diabetes patients. HbA1c biosensors are often considered to be cost-effective alternatives for smaller testing laboratories or clinics unable to access other reference methods. Many of these sensors deploy nanomaterials as recognition elements, detection labels, and/or transducers for achieving sensitive and selective detection of HbA1c. Nanomaterials have emerged as important sensor components due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, tunable morphologies, and easy integration into multiple sensing platforms. In this review, we discuss the advantages of using nanomaterials to construct HbA1c sensors and various sensing strategies for HbA1c measurements. Key gaps between the current technologies with what is needed moving forward are also summarized., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Herbal drugs or herbal medicines (HMs) have a long-standing history as natural remedies for preventing and curing diseases. HMs have garnered greater interest during the past decades due to their broad, synergistic actions on the physiological systems and relatively lower incidence of adverse events, compared to synthetic drugs. However, assuring reproducible quality, efficacy, and safety from herbal drugs remains a challenging task. HMs typically consist of many constituents whose presence and quantity may vary among different sources of materials. Fingerprint analysis has emerged as a very useful technique to assess the quality of herbal drug materials and formulations for establishing standardized herbal products. Rather than using a single or two marker(s), fingerprinting techniques take great consideration of the complexity of herbal drugs by evaluating the whole chemical profile and extracting a common pattern to be set as a criterion for assessing the individual material or formulation. In this review, we described and assessed various fingerprinting techniques reported to date, which are applicable to the standardization and quality control of HMs. We also evaluated the application of multivariate data analysis or chemometrics in assisting the analysis of the complex datasets from the determination of HMs. To ensure that these methods yield reliable results, we reviewed the validation status of the methods and provided perspectives on those. Finally, we concluded by highlighting major accomplishments and presenting a gap analysis between the existing techniques and what is needed to continue moving forward., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Noviana, Indrayanto and Rohman.)

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have garnered significant interest as a promising analytical platform in the past decade. Compared with traditional microfluidics, μPADs present unique advantages, such as easy fabrication using established patterning methods, economical cost, ability to drive and manipulate flow without equipment, and capability of storing reagents for various applications. This Review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the field, highlighting fabrication methods available to date with their respective advantages and drawbacks, device designs and modifications to accommodate different assay needs, detection strategies, and the growing applications of μPADs. Finally, we discuss how the field needs to continue moving forward to realize its full potential.

α 1 -Acid glycoprotein (AGP) is a glycoprotein present in serum, which is associated with the modulation of the immune system in response to stress or injuries, and a biomarker for inflammatory diseases and cancers. Here, we propose a pump-free microfluidic device for the electrochemical determination of AGP. The microfluidic device utilizes capillary-driven flow and a passive mixing system to label the AGP with the Os (VI) complex (an electrochemical tag) inside the main channel, before delivering the products to the electrode surface. Furthermore, thanks to the resulting geometry, all the analytical steps can be carried out inside the device: labeling, washing, and detection by adsorptive transfer stripping square wave voltammetry. The microfluidic device exhibited a linear range from 500 to 2000 mg L -1 ( R 2 = 0.990) and adequate limit of detection (LOD = 231 mg L -1 ). Commercial serum samples were analyzed to demonstrate the success of the method, yielding recoveries around 83%. Due to its simplicity, low sample consumption, low cost, short analysis time, disposability, and portability, the proposed method can serve as a point-of-care/need testing device for AGP.

Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easily obtained codeine often becomes subject to misuse. Codeine misuse has emerged as a concerning public health issue due to its associated adverse effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhage. Thus, it is very important to develop reliable analytical techniques to detect codeine for both quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and identifying drug misuse in the community. This review aims to provide critical outlooks on analytical methods applicable to the determination of codeine.

The use of paper microfluidics to perform chemical measurements for various analytical applications has gained interest over the last decade. One of the growing applications of these platforms is for the qualitative and quantitative determination of drugs. The low cost and self-pumping ability of paper microfluidics are attractive for developing analytical tools capable of on-site drug screening. This review aims to present the unique features of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) that offer advantages to pharmaceutical analysis and evaluate the state-of-the-art technologies and applications of the platform for drug analysis in research and real-world settings. The current challenges and potential future directions of the field are also highlighted., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Pathogen detection is crucial for human, animal, and environmental health; crop protection; and biosafety. Current culture-based methods have long turnaround times and lack sensitivity. Nucleic acid amplification tests offer high specificity and sensitivity. However, their cost and complexity remain a significant hurdle to their applications in resource-limited settings. Thus, point-of-need molecular diagnostic platforms that can be used by minimally trained personnel are needed. The nuclease protection assay (NPA) is a nucleic acid hybridization-based technique that does not rely on amplification, can be paired with other methods to improve specificity, and has the potential to be developed into a point-of-need device. In traditional NPAs, hybridization of an anti-sense probe to the target sequence is followed by single-strand nuclease digestion. The double-stranded target-probe hybrids are protected from nuclease digestion, precipitated, and visualized using autoradiography or other methods. We have developed a paper-based nuclease protection assay (PB-NPA) that can be implemented in field settings as the detection approach requires limited equipment and technical expertise. The PB-NPA uses a lateral flow format to capture the labeled target-probe hybrids onto a nitrocellulose membrane modified with an anti-label antibody. A colorimetric enzyme-substrate pair is used for signal visualization, producing a test line. The nuclease digestion of non-target and mismatched DNA provides high specificity while signal amplification with the reporter enzyme-substrate provides high sensitivity. We have also developed an on-chip sample pretreatment step utilizing chitosan-modified paper to eliminate possible interferents from the reaction and preconcentrate nucleic acids, thereby significantly reducing the need for auxiliary equipment. Graphical abstract.

A simple and low-cost continuous-flow (CF) electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) coupled with thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) was developed. The fast, continuous flow combined with flow injection analysis was made possible by adding two inlet reservoirs to the same paper-based hollow channel flowing over detection electrodes, terminating in a fan-shaped pumping reservoir. The upstream inlet reservoir was filled with buffer and provided constant flow through the device. Sample injections were performed by adding 2 μL of the sample to the downstream sample inlet. Differences in flow resistance resulted in sample plugs displacing buffer as the solution flowed over the working electrodes. The electrodes were fabricated by mixing carbon black and polycaprolactone (50% w/w). CF-TPE-ePADs were characterized with chronoamperometry using ferrocenylmethyl trimethylammonium as the electrochemical probe. Optimized flow rates and injection volumes gave analysis times roughly an order of magnitude faster than those of previously reported flow injection analysis ePADs. To demonstrate applicability, the CF-TPE-ePADs were used to quantify caffeic acid in three different tea samples. The proposed method had a linear range from 10 to 500 μmol L -1 and limits of detection and quantification of 2.5 and 8.3 μmol L -1 , respectively. Our approach is promising for fabricating simple, inexpensive, yet high-performance, flow injection analysis devices using paper substrates and easy-to-make electrodes that do not require external mechanical pumping systems or complicated valves.

Correction for 'Electrochemical paper-based devices: sensing approaches and progress toward practical applications' by Eka Noviana et al., Lab Chip, 2019, DOI: .

Paper-based sensors offer an affordable yet powerful platform for field and point-of-care (POC) testing due to their self-pumping ability and utility for many different analytical measurements. When combined with electrochemical detection using small and portable electronics, sensitivity and selectivity of the paper devices can be improved over naked eye detection without sacrificing portability. Herein, we review how the field of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) has grown since it was introduced a decade ago. We start by reviewing fabrication methods relevant to ePADs with more focus given to the electrode fabrication, which is fundamental for electrochemical sensing. Multiple sensing approaches applicable to ePADs are then discussed and evaluated to present applicability, advantages and challenges associated with each approach. Recent applications of ePADs in the fields of clinical diagnostics, environmental testing, and food analysis are also presented. Finally, we discuss how the current ePAD technologies have progressed to meet the analytical and practical specifications required for field and/or POC applications, as well as challenges and outlook.

β-particle emitting radionuclides, such as 3 H, 14 C, 32 P, 33 P, and 35 S, are important molecular labels due to their small size and the prevalence of these atoms in biomolecules but are challenging to selectively detect and quantify within aqueous biological samples and systems. Here, we present a core-shell nanoparticle-based scintillation proximity assay platform (nanoSPA) for the separation-free, selective detection of radiolabeled analytes. nanoSPA is prepared by incorporating scintillant fluorophores into polystyrene core particles and encapsulating the scintillant-doped cores within functionalized silica shells. The functionalized surface enables covalent attachment of specific binding moieties such as small molecules, proteins, or DNA that can be used for analyte-specific detection. nanoSPA was demonstrated for detection of 3 H-labeled analytes, the most difficult biologically relevant β-emitter to measure due to the low energy β-particle emission, using three model assays that represent covalent and non-covalent binding systems that necessitate selectivity over competing 3 H-labeled species. In each model, nmol quantities of target were detected directly in aqueous solution without separation from unbound 3 H-labeled analyte. The nanoSPA platform facilitated measurement of 3 H-labeled analytes directly in bulk aqueous samples without surfactants or other agents used to aid particle dispersal. Selectivity for bound 3 H-analytes over unbound 3 H analytes was enhanced up to 30-fold when the labeled species was covalently bound to nanoSPA, and 4- and 8-fold for two non-covalent binding assays using nanoSPA. The small size and enhanced selectivity of nanoSPA should enable new applications compared to the commonly used microSPA platform, including the potential for separation-free, analyte-specific cellular or intracellular detection., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) have garnered significant interest as an alternative to traditional benchtop methods due to their low cost and simple fabrication. Historically, ePADs have relied almost exclusively on single electrode detection, limiting potential gains in sensitivity and selectivity achievable with multiple electrodes. Herein we describe incorporation of thermoplastic electrode (TPE) arrays into flow ePADs. Quasi-steady flow was solely generated by capillary action through a fan-shaped paper device. The electrode arrays were fabricated using a simple solvent-assisted method with inexpensive materials (i.e., graphite and thermoplastic binder). These electrodes can be employed as an array of individually addressable detectors or connected as an interdigitated electrode array. The TPEs were characterized through SEM, optical profilometry and cyclic voltammetry. Chronoamperometry was used to characterize the flow-based TPE-ePADs. Trace detection of a ferrocene complex (FcTMA + ) was demonstrated through generation-collection experiments, achieving a limit of detection of 0.32 pmol. These TPE arrays containing ePADs show great promise as a rapid, sensitive, and low-cost sensor for point-of-need (PON) applications.

An electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) was developed for quasi-steady flow detection at microwire electrodes, for the first time. The device implements a fan shaped geometry connected to an analysis channel whereby solution is pulled from an inlet, through a channel, and into the steadily increasing capillary network of the fan. The network counteracts the decrease in solution flow rate associated with increasing viscosity within the channel, generating quasi-steady flow within the analysis channel. Microwire electrodes were embedded between two paper layers within the analysis channel, such that solution flow occurred on both sides of the wire electrodes. The quasi-steady flow ePAD increased the current by 2.5 times and 0.7 times from a saturated channel with no flow and from a single-layer paper device with flow, respectively. Amperometric detection was used for flow injection analysis (FIA) of multiple analytes at both Au and Pt microwire working electrodes, both of which provided similar sensitivity (ca. 0.2 mM -1 ) when normalized to the same standard. The two-layer paper devices provided a detection limit of 31 μM for p-aminophenol (PAP) using Pt electrodes and was also used to detect enzyme activity for the reaction of β-galactosidase with p-aminophenyl-galactopyranoside (PAPG). Measured enzyme kinetics provided similar V max (0.079 mM/min) and K m (0.36 mM) values as those found in the literature. This device shows great promise toward use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or other analytical techniques where flow or washing steps are necessary. The developed sensor provides a simple and inexpensive device capable of performing multiple injection analysis with steady-flow and online detection that would normally require an external pump to perform.