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Background: Measurement of small bowel length is an essential step in performing bariatric surgery. Surgeons need to measure bowel length in order to create alimentary and biliopancreatic limbs. Inaccurate bowel measurement may affect the outcome of surgery. However, it is not clear how accurate the measurement of bowel length is by surgeons., Methods: Two image quizzes marking certain lengths of jejunum were sent to participants. They were asked to estimate the length of marked bowels in maze quizzes. The Error of estimation, prevalence of significant error (error greater than 30 percent of actual length), and the relationship between different participant characteristics was investigated., Results: A total of 86 participants answered the questionnaire. The mean error of estimation was 4.62 cm (27%). Twenty-eight participants (33%) had significant errors in estimation of bowel length., Conclusion: While there are surgeons that can estimate bowel length with decent accuracy, significant errors in estimation of bowel length are not uncommon among surgeons. Surgeons should consider adopting techniques for accurate measurement of the small intestine., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2022 MIrzaee, Golzarand, Parsaei, Toolabi and Amirbeigi.)

A novel nano-sized imprinted polymer/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs)-based potentiometric sensor is introduced for lactic acid (LA) sensing in dairy products. The imprinted polymer was synthesized using allyl amine (AA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. It was demonstrated that the amide linkage was created between LA and AA during copolymerization reaction which was finally hydrolyzed when removing template from the synthesized MIP. It was also shown that the MIP cavities, compatible with LA anion, were created during polymerization reaction which influenced the potentiometric response behavior of the MIP-based electrode. This novel potentiometric sensor is a carbon rod electrode, coated with a membrane consisting of the MIP nanoparticles (2.5%), MWCNTs (2%), dibutylphthalate (DBP) (65%), poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) (28.5%) and tetra phenyl phosphonium bromide (TPPB) (2%). The active ion sensed by the electrode is the LA anion formed at elevated pH condition. The sensor exhibited Nernstian slope of 30.3 ± 0.4 mVdecade -1 in the working concentration range of 1.0 × 10 -1 to 1.0 × 10 -6 mol L -1 with detection limit of 7.3 × 10 -7 mol L -1 . The sensor displayed a stable potential response in the pH range of 5-8 and fast response time of less than 60 s. It exhibited also high selectivity over the interfering species. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of LA in real samples (milk and yoghurt)., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.)