1. Early Detection of Hearing Impairment Signals Post-mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination: A Disproportionality Analysis Study on French Pharmacovigilance Database.
- Author
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Boulefaa D, Bagheri H, Salvo F, Rabier MB, Geniaux H, Lepelley M, Rocher F, Mahe J, Grandvillemuin A, and Thai-Van H
- Abstract
Introduction: Improving adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) detection is vital for vaccine safety surveillance, as an early safety signal can help minimize risks. In February 2022, the World Health Organization reported a preliminary signal on sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, 54 million persons in France received at least one dose, covering 78.8% of the population within a year., Objective: The primary objective of this study was to identify a method of disproportionality analysis capable to detect a safety signal for hearing impairment (HI) as early as possible during the initial phases of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Secondly, we described all cases of SSNHL reported during vaccine booster campaigns in France., Methods: Data from January 2011 to February 2022 were extracted from the French pharmacovigilance database. Cases were all spontaneous reports of AEFI for elasomeran and tozinameran, while non-cases were AEFI reported for other vaccines. Disproportionality analysis for HI was performed monthly during 2021, to estimate a reporting odds ratio (ROR). Four different methods were used for ROR estimation. Furthermore, we reviewed cases of SSNHL following messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccinations reported during booster campaigns, from 2 February 2022 to 1 March 2023, based on a comprehensive medical evaluation., Results: Using a standard methodology, we identified a signal on 31 July 2021 (ROR 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.06-2.18]). Multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, age, ototoxic drugs and excluding reference reports of common AEFI for vaccines allowed us to detect the HI signal as early as 31 March 2021 (ROR 2.67, 95% CI [1.36-5.57]). The SSNHL reporting rate was estimated to be 0.83/1,000,000 doses for tozinameran and 4.3/1,000,000 for elasomeran during the booster campaigns., Conclusion: Using a well-structured disproportionality analysis could have enhanced early detection of safety signals and contribute to risk minimizing measures. According to descriptive data, HI following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines remains rare., Competing Interests: Declarations. Funding: Open access funding provided by Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier. The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Conflict of interest: No commercial organizations had any role in the writing of this paper for publication. All authors declare they have no conflicts of interest. Ethics approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient consent was not required because the analysis was carried out on the French Pharmacovigilance DataBase, an anonymized database. Consent to participate: Patient consent was waived as the French Pharmacovigilance database contains anonymised data that cannot allow patients’ identification. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Availability of data and material: Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as the datasets used are based on anonymised data that are protected by agreements with the French Data Protection Commission (CNIL; Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et Liberté). Code availability: The code will be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Authors’ contributions: D.B., H.B. and H.T.-V. contributed equally to this study. They had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. D.B. and H.B. conceptualized the study. D.B., H.B. and F.S. designed the study. All authors were involved in acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. M.B.R., H.G., M.L., F.R., J.M. and A.G. provided administrative, technical or material support. D.B., H.B. and H.T.-V. drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version., (© 2024. The Author(s).) more...
- Published
- 2024
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