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The nanoscale periodic potentials introduced by moiré patterns in semiconducting van der Waals heterostructures have emerged as a platform for designing exciton superlattices. However, our understanding of the motion of excitons in moiré potentials is still limited. Here we investigated interlayer exciton dynamics and transport in WS 2 -WSe 2 heterobilayers in time, space and momentum domains using transient absorption microscopy combined with first-principles calculations. We found that the exciton motion is modulated by twist-angle-dependent moiré potentials around 100 meV and deviates from normal diffusion due to the interplay between the moiré potentials and strong exciton-exciton interactions. Our experimental results verified the theoretical prediction of energetically favourable K-Q interlayer excitons and showed exciton-population dynamics that are controlled by the twist-angle-dependent energy difference between the K-Q and K-K excitons. These results form a basis to investigate exciton and spin transport in van der Waals heterostructures, with implications for the design of quantum communication devices.

The stimuli responsive behaviour of charge transfer donor-acceptor metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) remains an understudied phenomenon which may have applications in tuneable electronic materials. We now report the modification of donor-acceptor charge transfer characteristics in a semiconducting tetrathiafulvalene-naphthalene diimide-based MOF under applied electrochemical bias and pressure. We employ a facile solid state in situ Raman spectroelectrochemical technique, applied for the first time in the characterisation of electroactive MOFs, to monitor the formation of a new complex TTFTC˙+-DPNI from a largely neutral system, upon electrochemical oxidation of the framework. In situ pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction experiments performed in a diamond anvil cell revealed blue shifts in the donor and acceptor vibrational modes in addition to contractions in the unit cell which are indicative of bond shortening. This study demonstrates the utility of in situ Raman spectroscopic techniques in the characterisation of redox-active MOFs and the elucidation of their electronic behaviours.