1. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as novel X-ray enhancer for low-dose radiation therapy.
- Author
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Klein S, Sommer A, Distel LV, Hazemann JL, Kröner W, Neuhuber W, Müller P, Proux O, and Kryschi C
- Subjects
- 3T3 Cells, Animals, Anions chemistry, Caco-2 Cells, Cell Survival drug effects, Cell Survival radiation effects, Citric Acid chemistry, Ferric Compounds metabolism, Ferric Compounds therapeutic use, Humans, MCF-7 Cells, Magnetic Phenomena, Malates chemistry, Materials Testing, Mice, Nanoparticles metabolism, Nanoparticles therapeutic use, Oxidation-Reduction radiation effects, Particle Size, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents metabolism, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Radiotherapy Dosage, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Surface Properties, X-Rays, Ferric Compounds chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents chemistry, Radiotherapy methods
- Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with a mixed phase composition (γ-Fe2O3)(1-x)(Fe3O4)x and sizes between 9 and 20 nm were synthesized via coprecipitation and were either left uncoated or subsequently surface-stabilized with citrate or malate anions. The sizes, morphology, surface chemistry, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device measurements, respectively. Cellular uptake and intracellular distribution in normal tissue and tumor cells were verified by TEM images. X-ray-induced changes of the oxidation state and site geometries of surface iron ions of uncoated and citrate-coated SPIONs were explored by collecting Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy data. The potential applicability of citrate- and malate-coated SPIONs as an X-ray enhancer for radiation cancer therapy was substantiated by their drastic enhancement of the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in X-ray irradiated tumor cells.
- Published
- 2014
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