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Background: Rural patients experience a higher incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer. Ensuring high-quality screening is essential to address these disparities., Objective: To investigate whether socioecological determinants of health are associated with colonoscopy quality in rural Alabama., Design: Retrospective review., Setting: Data across 3 rural hospitals in Alabama from August 2021 to July 2023., Patients: We included adults (aged 18 years or older) who underwent screening or diagnostic colonoscopy and completed a validated survey that measures socioecological determinants of health., Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes included bowel preparation quality, cecal intubation, and adenoma detection rate. We linked the survey responses to these quality metrics to identify factors associated with outcomes. Analyses included the χ 2 , Fisher exact, and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum tests, with a p value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant., Results: The 84 patients surveyed were 66.7% men, 50.0% Black, and had a median age of 64 years. Optimal bowel preparation was present in 88.0%, successful cecal intubation was observed in 89.3%, and the overall adenoma detection rate was 45.8%. Patients with suboptimal bowel preparation described lower rates of internet access (60.0% vs 87.4%, p < 0.05), more difficulty in understanding written information (30.0% vs 1.4%, p < 0.05), and lacked a sense of responsibility for their health (30.0% vs 51.4%, p < 0.05) compared to those having optimal bowel preparation. Those with unsuccessful cecal intubations had lower physician trust (55.6% vs 73.3%, p < 0.05), whereas patients with successful cecal intubations were more confident in preventing health-related problems (53.3% vs 33.3%, p < 0.05) and had a more supportive social environment (72.0% vs 66.7%, p < 0.05)., Limitations: Retrospective design and small sample size limiting multivariable analyses., Conclusion: In rural Alabama, lower health literacy, internet access, and physician trust were associated with low-quality colonoscopy, whereas a higher patient sense of responsibility and a supportive social environment were associated with higher-quality metrics. These findings identify potential targets for improving colonoscopy quality in rural settings. See Video Abstract., Determinantes Socioecolgicos De La Salud Y La Calidad De La Colonoscopia En Las Zonas Rurales De Alabama: ANTECEDENTES:Los pacientes rurales sufren una mayor incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer colorrectal. Garantizar un cribado de alta calidad es esencial para abordar estas disparidades.OBJETIVO:Investigar si los determinantes socioecológicos de la salud están asociados con la calidad de la colonoscopia en las zonas rurales de Alabama.DISEÑO:Revisión retrospectiva.LUGAR:Datos a través de tres hospitales rurales en Alabama desde agosto de 2021 hasta julio de 2023.PACIENTES:Se incluyeron adultos (≥18 años) que se sometieron a colonoscopia de cribado o diagnóstica y completaron una encuesta validada que mide los determinantes socioecológicos de la salud.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Los resultados primarios incluyeron la calidad de la preparación intestinal, la canulazion cecal y la tasa de detección de adenomas. Vinculamos las respuestas de la encuesta a estas métricas de calidad para identificar factores asociados con los resultados. Los análisis incluyeron las pruebas χ2 , exacta de Fisher y de suma de rangos de Kruskal-Wallis, considerándose estadísticamente significativa una p < 0,05.RESULTADOS:Los 84 pacientes encuestados eran un 66,7% varones, un 50,0% de raza negra y tenían una edad media de 64 años. La preparación intestinal óptima estuvo presente en el 88,0%, el 89,3% tuvo canulazion cecales exitosas, y la tasa general de detección de adenomas fue del 45,8%. Los pacientes con una preparación intestinal subóptima describieron tasas más bajas de acceso a Internet (60,0% frente a 87,4%, p < 0,05), más dificultades para comprender la información escrita (30,0% frente a 1,4%, p < 0,05) y carecían de sentido de la responsabilidad por su salud (30,0% frente a 51,4%, p < 0,05) en comparación con los que tenían una preparación intestinal óptima. Los pacientes con canulaziones cecales fallidas tenían menos confianza en el médico (55,6% frente a 73,3%, p < 0,05), mientras que los pacientes con canulaziones cecales satisfactorias tenían más confianza en la prevención de problemas relacionados con la salud (53,3% frente a 33,3%, p < 0,05) y contaban con un entorno social más favorable (72,0% frente a 66,7%, p < 0,05).LIMITACIONES:El diseño retrospectivo y el pequeño tamaño de la muestra limitan los análisis multivariables.CONCLUSIÓN:En las zonas rurales de Alabama, la alfabetización sanitaria, el acceso a Internet y la confianza en el médico se asociaron con una colonoscopia de baja calidad, mientras que un mayor sentido de la responsabilidad del paciente y un entorno social de apoyo se asociaron con métricas de mayor calidad. Estos hallazgos identifican objetivos potenciales para mejorar la calidad de la colonoscopia en entornos rurales. (Traducción-Dr Yolanda Colorado )., (Copyright © The ASCRS 2024.)

Introduction: Defects in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway can predispose individuals to colorectal cancer (CRC), with germline mutations in this pathway leading to Lynch syndrome. Consequently, universal MMR testing is recommended for all newly diagnosed CRC patients to detect mismatch repair deficient (MMR-D) tumors, enabling informed treatment decisions. Given the increased potential for metachronous disease in patients with Lynch syndrome, the current guidelines for surgical management of Lynch-associated colon cancer recommend extended resection in patients under age 60., Methods: A retrospective analysis of nonmetastatic CRC was performed from the National Cancer Database to evaluate the current trends and practice patterns in the surgical management of MMR-D colon cancer, as well as assess the factors influencing choice of surgical procedure., Results: From 2018 to 2020, 98,112 nonmetastatic CRC patients were identified, with 19.93% being MMR-D. MMR-D colon cancer patients were more likely to undergo extended resection than those with mismatch repair proficient tumors (9.4% versus 4.2%, P < 0.001). When accounting for approximately one-fourth of MMR-D colon cancers being attributable to Lynch syndrome, the frequency of extended resection was less than expected (9.4% versus 25%, P < 0.001). MMR-D patients under age 60 were more likely to undergo extended resection than those over age 60 (9% versus 3%) (odds ratio [OR] 3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.06-4.15). Several factors were associated with decreased rate of extended resection: uninsured (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84), Black race (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.35-0.82), treatment at nonacademic centers (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.97), and crowfly distance >25 miles (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.14-3.45)., Conclusions: These findings provide valuable insight into the current surgical practice patterns in the management of MMR-D colon cancers and possibly colon cancers associated with Lynch syndrome., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Surgical site infection (SSI) remains one of the most common complications of perforation peritonitis, contributing not only to morbidity but also mortality. We studied the culture and sensitivity of intra-peritoneal fluid and post-operative laparotomy wounds, and found consistency in pathogen and sensitivity between the intra and post-operative samples in 25 cases (80.6%). Therefore, routine culture and sensitivity of peritoneal fluid and subsequently switching the empirical anti-microbial therapy accordingly is justified.

Virus, a sub-microscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of a host, causes viral infection. Currently, the immediate imperative is to control the combat against novel coronavirus outbreak caused by the COVID-19 virus, which started in China and spread all over the world. The domain of travelling has emphasized COVID-19 virus prevention as a serious issue for the safety of human beings. The exponential rise in the number of corona patients is a matter of concern for governing bodies of various countries in spite of countless cooperative efforts put in by citizens, organizations and government. India is now among the top worst hit nation in terms of the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. The present article reviews various state-of-art medicinal approaches available that are presently used to control the spread of coronavirus pandemic., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Nano palladium(0) supported on cellulose was found to be highly efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki coupling between aryl bromides and phenyl boronic acid in water and aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohols using air as the source of molecular oxygen in acetonitrile. The Cell-Pd(0) was prepared by stirring commercially available cellulose with Pd(OAc)(2) in ethanol at 25°C followed by reduction with hydrazine hydrate, leading finally to nano Pd(0) particles uniformly distributed on surface of cellulose. This catalytic system provides biaryls and polyaryls in excellent yields with very high turn over numbers via Suzuki coupling; and benzaldehyde derivatives in high yields and selectivity by oxidation in air. Cell-Pd(0) was characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD), thermal analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM)., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)