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Background: About 9 million nurses will be needed by 2030. To face these unprecedented times, governments/institutions focus on educating as many nursing students as possible. This strategy is clouded by burnout and lack of both health and well-being among students and by the fact that personality is one of the major determinants of these health outcomes. Nevertheless, recent findings show that personality is a complex adaptive system (i,e., nonlinear) and that combinations of people's temperament and character traits (i.e., joint personality networks) might provide further information to understand its development, academic burnout, and lack of health and well-being., Aims: Our aims were to investigate the linear relationship between nursing students' personality, burnout, health, and well-being; investigate the linear mediational effects of personality and burnout on health and well-being; and investigate differences in these health outcomes between/within students with distinct joint personality networks (i.e., nonlinear relationships)., Method: Swedish nursing students (189 women, 29 men) responded to the Temperament and Character Inventory, The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey for Students, and the Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale. We conducted correlation analyses and Structural Equation Modeling and, for the nonlinear relationships, Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Class Analysis for clustering and then Analyses of Variance for differences in health outcomes between/within students with distinct personality networks. This study was not pre-registered., Results: High levels of health and well-being and low burnout symptoms (low Emotional Exhaustion, low Cynicism, and high Academic Efficacy) were associated with low Harm Avoidance and high Self-Directedness. Some personality traits were associated with specific health outcomes (e.g., high Self-Transcendence-high Emotional Exhaustion and high Persistence-high Academic Efficacy) and their effects on health and well-being were mediated by specific burnout symptoms. Cynicism and Emotional Exhaustion predicted low levels of health and well-being, Academic Efficacy predicted high levels, and Cynicism lead both directly and indirectly to low levels of health and well-being through Emotional Exhaustion. We found two joint personality networks: students with an Organized/Reliable combination who reported being less emotionally exhausted by their studies, less cynical towards education, higher self-efficacy regarding their academic work/skills, and better health and well-being compared to nursing students with an Emotional/Unreliable combination., Conclusions: The coherence of temperament-character, rather than single traits, seems to determine students' health outcomes. Thus, nursing education might need to focus on helping students to develop professional skills and health-related abilities (e.g., self-acceptance and spiritual-acceptance), by supporting self-awareness., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

Objective: To evaluate smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents., Methods: A cross-sectional study with 281 adolescents (15 to 19 years old), attending the 1st to the 3rd grades of High School, carried out between September and October 2019 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data collection took place in two stages. In the first, they answered four self-administered questionnaires: sociodemographic questionnaire, health conditions and smartphone use, Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NMQ), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). In the second stage, they were submitted to photogrammetry using the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) and anthropometric assessment (weight and height). The software SPSS Statistics version 23.0 was used for data analysis., Results: Of the total number of adolescents, 63.3% (n=178) showed smartphone addiction, using it for 5.8 hours (±3.5) during the week and 8.7 (±4.0) hours on the weekend. When analyzing postural alignment in the anterior view, a significant reduction in the lateral head tilt was observed when typing on the smartphone (p=0.002) compared to the anatomical position (baseline). In the lateral view, an increase in head anteriorization was observed during smartphone use (p<0.05). There was an association between smartphone addiction and head anteriorization (p<0.05)., Conclusions: The use of the smartphone in the typing position causes postural alterations in the cervical region, especially in adolescents with smartphone addiction. Therefore, health promotion measures that alert adolescents to the adverse effects caused by prolonged smartphone use are necessary.

The stressful nature of the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted the quality of maternity care. The purpose of this study was to understand and explore the labour and delivery experiences for women who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in Brazil during this time. Between July and October 2020, we conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with postpartum women who tested positive for COVID-19 prior to delivering at a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil. Interview transcripts were coded, and we carried out a thematic analysis using three domains of the World Health Organization's model of intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience as a framework. During labour and delivery, women experienced varying levels of respect, with many women reporting feeling mistreated by their healthcare team because of their COVID-19 diagnosis. Due to COVID-19 hospital protocols that denied companions or visitors, women reported feeling unsupported and isolated, especially during the mandatory quarantine. Women also experienced varying levels of effective communication, with some women citing they felt the staff were often fearful, and either avoidant or disrespectful. A minority of women reported that the staff appeared to be respectful and receptive to their needs. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the strain of the COVID-19 pandemic on health professionals potentially results in ineffective communication and mistreatment during labour and delivery. Embedding respectful and humanised childbirth principles into emergency maternal healthcare protocols may improve the childbirth experience for women with COVID-19, as well as for women during future public health emergencies.

Objectives: Utility of cognitive-behavioral practice interventions in school settings have been discussed by the scientific community regarding their possibility of insertion in the educational field. In this way, this review article analyzes the scientific production on the practice of meditation offered at school in adolescents, since the appropriation of studies that point to reflections and perspectives of meditative practice can favor the development of new pedagogical trajectories in the school environment., Content: The electronic databases VHL, PubMed, and CAPES were consulted, using the combination of the terms related to meditation, adolescents, and school. This analysis resulted in eight articles, including field research and reviews, published between 2010 and 2021., Summary: The articles showed improvement in emotional coping skills, social relationships, self-regulation, control of mood levels, stress, depression, and anger, and significant gains in self-reflection and academic attention. They pointed out that elementary and high school students present more significant responses, and these factors, such as duration, frequency, and systematization of the session, can interfere with these responses., Outlook: These results indicate that meditation practice in adolescents can be a valuable strategy for health promotion and educational training in the school environment., (© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)

Adverse effects on the physical and mental health of adolescents associated with excessive smartphone use have been reported. This paper aims to assess adolescent smartphone addiction and related factors in a region in Northeastern Brazil. This cross-sectional study was carried out in six State-run Professional Education Schools in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from September to October 2019 with 286 adolescents aged 15-19 years who completed five data collection instruments. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors related to the outcome using SPSS version 23.0. Smartphone addiction prevalence rate was 70,3% and was associated with being underage (OR=0,583; p=0,001), fewer sleep hours (OR=0,715; p=0,020), longer use on weekends (OR=1,115; p=0,015), cervical pain (OR=2,206; p=0,020), and suspected common mental disorder (OR=1,272; p=0,000). A high smartphone addiction level was observed among adolescents in the sample and was related to multiple factors. Attention should be drawn to the importance of educational campaigns to guide adolescents, parents, educators, and health professionals about the risks of excessive smartphone use to the health of adolescents.

Objectives: to assess the relation between sociodemographic characteristics of young people associated with the subjectivity of being happy; to evaluate the relationship between the subjectivity of being happy and the perception of health status; to evaluate the relationship between the subjectivity of being happy and the school and family environments and peer groups at school., Methods: this is an observational study, with an intentional sample of 1,069 young Portuguese people, with ages varying from 14 to 24, most of them women, attending secondary education. The self-filling questionnaire was used., Results: there are statistically significant associations between the subjectivity of being happy and schooling, perception of health status, family APGAR, school and family involvement, absence of problems or teasing by peers at school., Conclusions: a positive and holistic care coupled with the potential of obtaining and consolidating healthy lifestyles for young people will enable health professionals to perceive them as agents of individual and social change.

Background: At a time and educational context favorable to technologies and innovations, we took the initiative to mobile phone applications (apps) relevant to school violence in an effort to be responsive to a growing public health problem in multiple countries., Methods: In this study, we compared and verified the features of 10 apps for reporting violence in schools. We used a benchmarking tool for integrative review of these mobile apps., Results: There were 13 apps on the Google Play platform, 11 apps in the App Store, and 5 apps on both platforms, totaling 19 apps. We selected 10 apps for comparative analysis., Conclusions: Through benchmarking, we determined the relevant features of the apps with recommendations for improving app development in the future., (© 2020, American School Health Association.)

The article discusses the professional formation of nurses, implications of the increase in the number of Higher Education Institutions and their distribution in Brazil. It considers the results of the Nursing Profile Survey in Brazil, carried out with 35,916 nursing professionals, in 2013. The analysis that characterizes the trajectory of undergraduate nursing in this article is structured in three dimensions: the increase in the number of undergraduate and postgraduate nursing education institutions; the boom in nursing schools and the public vs. private relationship; and the territorial distribution of the registered nurse in Brazil. The increase in the number of Nursing Education Institutions implies an exponential formation, with a predominance of private schools in undergraduate and postgraduate courses. The courses seek to align themselves with changes in health and society, but it is crucial to equalize the territorial asymmetries between the undergraduate and graduate training institutions, the overconcentration and care gaps resulting from the insufficiency of nurses per inhabitant, as well as to qualify the nurses for the exercise of their professional activities in the face of global changes.

This paper concerns the French Health Care System that revolutionized the rationale of the existing social protection. It emphasizes that, in this country, it is essential to train professionals integrated into a "know-how", and also prepared for the current and future changes in the nursing profession. A literature review was carried out based on the classification and analysis of the texts and documents researched, and we tried to understand the French Health and Nursing System. This allowed the construction of two thematic categories. The first one is the "Health Service" that addresses health training courses for prevention, while the second one deals with Nursing Education, which is a competency-based framework. The demography of nurses in France is also discussed, which highlights the increased number of nurses from 2010 to 2018.

The paper discusses the Portuguese Health System that has adopted the Beveridge model, which is based on the financing of health services by taxpayers' income, based on a public system, where the right to health is independent of work and employment. Nursing education is structured in Pre-Graduate Education - Degree; Master and Doctorate in Nursing Sciences and Nursing. The competency of the generalist nurses refers to the professional performance showing the effective application of knowledge and skills, which allows them to make a clinical judgment and decide. The exercise of competencies is based on the interpersonal relationship between the nurse and the individual client or group; decision-making based on scientific evidence, clinical judgment based on the needs of individual or group care, prescribed nursing interventions considering the safety of care and the client, early detection of the real or diagnostic potentials seeking resolution or minimization of consequences, by the values of the patients, as well as respect and professional regulation that establish good practice.

The school has witnessed the growth of manifestations of interpersonal violence among children, and in this perspective, this paper examines the prevalence of interpersonal violence in the relationship between students and the associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study developed with 874 public school students aged 10 and 11 years conducted in 2013. A questionnaire implemented the collection of data that were submitted to bivariate analysis with statistical significance calculation between associations. The results show that the child-perpetrator (83.2%) is associated with the male gender (PR=1.08), as well as being beaten at home (PR=1.13) and having a family that encourages retaliation (PR=1.17). The child-victim (89.5%) is associated with the family that encourages retaliation (PR=1.05), participation in conflicts (93.6%) and age. The 10-year-old child is up to 3.0% more likely to participate in conflicts. The "family that encourages retaliation" is positively associated with the situations of assault, victim condition and participation in conflicts, which entails the reframing of these parental practices.

Objective: To assess the relationship between ADL and oral health status in older adults., Design and Sample: Quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional research with 280 people aged ≥60 in public primary health care centers in the city of Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil., Measures: Collection of sociodemographic data, oral discomfort data, and general health data and application of the Community Oral Health Indicator-COHI and the activities of daily living scale., Results: Significant differences in functional dependence were found between age groups (p < .001), incomes (p = .034), and levels of education (p = .003). Tooth loss (OR = 2.13; p = 0.025), having no teeth (OR = 2.97), difficulties in chewing and swallowing food (OR = 2.56; p = 0.003), problems with taste of food (OR = 2.06; p = .044), poor self-rated general health (OR = 3.7; p = .001), hearing problems (OR = 2.23; p = .009) and speech problems (OR = 3.15; p = .002) increased chances for functional dependence. Dependent individuals were less likely to use toothpaste, thereby increasing the potential for caries (p = .013). Age 80 or older (p < .001), ages 70-79 (p < .001), three or more visible dental cavities (p = .030) and difficulty chewing and swallowing food (p = .027) remained associated with dependence in ADL in the logistic regression model., Conclusion: Functional dependence in activities of daily living has implications for the oral health status of older people., (© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

This study analyzes the reported cases of syphilis in pregnant women and the possible outcomes for fetuses and the newborn in Fortaleza, Ceará. It is a cross-sectional study that analyzed 175 reported cases of syphilis in pregnant women matched with the corresponding reports of congenital syphilis during the years 2008-2010. Descriptive statistics with absolute and relative frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the Pearson's chi-square test were used to analyze the statistical significance using the p-value <0.05. Sociodemographic variables of pregnant/postpartum women, the assistance provided to newborns and the outcome of cases were analyzed. The results showed the occurrence of syphilis in young women with more than 85% of inappropriate treatment, 62.9% of untreated sexual partners or lack of statistics and high percentages of non-realization of the recommended tests for congenital syphilis investigation in children. Among the fetuses, five were stillborn, one miscarried and there were three neonatal deaths. The lack of adequate treatment of pregnant women may be associated with morbidity and mortality of fetuses, maintaining this infection as a burden on the list of public health problems.

Introduction and Objective: Sexual function may be affected in women with urinary incontinence (UI), but data regarding this association are controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sociodemographic characteristics in the sexual function of Brazilian women with UI., Study Design: Cross-sectional study with 251 women with UI in the period from April to June 2014. Firstly, sociodemographic and pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) characteristics were compared between groups of women with and without sexual activity. Secondly, we compared the variables above with the total score of Pelvic Organ Prolapse and/or Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12). For continuous variables, we used the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test; for categorical variables we used the chi-square statistic considering the difference of p<0.05., Results: Women with sexual activity tend to be younger, to be premenopausal, have a steady partner and not be hypertensive. The mean total score of PISQ-12 was 27.30. Women who attended elementary school, with coital UI, with moderate constipation and symptomatic prolapse have worse sexual function. Premenopausal women with mixed urinary incontinence have worse sexual function than those with stress urinary incontinence., Conclusion: The association between sexual dysfunction and UI deserves special attention from health professionals. The care of the maintenance or restoration of sexual well-being should be offered to all women, regardless of age, since UI may affect sexual life and QoL of these women., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Evaluate the impact of implementing Bowel Management Program (BMP) on quality of life (QoL) in children with fecal incontinence (FI)., Methods: Children 3-12 years referred to the Children's Treatment Center of FI were included and categorized accordingto the tendency to constipation (dilated colon; group 1) or diarrhea (non-dilated colon; group 2). Evaluations were performed before and after 3 months of BMP implementation. Perceptions from parents and children about QoL were assessed by the instrument PedsQL4.0 and the severity of FI by the fecal incontinence index (FII) of Wexner scale., Results: 43 children (mean age of 7.7 ± 3.1) were studied. 32 (74.4 %) belonged to group 1 and 11 (25.6 %) to group 2. After 3 months of BMP, it was noticed a significant improvement of the FII (14.5 ± 3.7 versus 2.8 ± 2.5; p < 0.001) in both groups. QoL perception by the parents and children increased on PedsQL4.0 evaluation (p < 0.001). There was a medium inverse statistically significant correlation of the FII and the total PedsQL4.0 score among children and parents (r = -0.47, p = 0.009 and r = -0, 39, p = 0.03, respectively)., Conclusion: The BMP applied by a multidisciplinary dedicated team significantly improves the QoL of children with FI in the short-term period.

We sought to know the spectra of mothers of premature children regarding their experience with circle of culture of educational character and identifying the learning provided by the circle of culture about newborn care after hospital discharge. A descriptive study was performed in a hospital located in Fortaleza, Brazil. Three meetings of a circle of culture with 17 mothers of premature newborns were performed. The interpretation of the corpus was performed using thematic analysis. Emerged from the categories: Maternal experience in a circle of culture; Promoted social support among mothers through the circle of culture; and Learning provided by the circle of culture. It was concluded that teaching parents during the hospitalization of the child should be held in a way to involve parents in the care of the newborn, provide moments of health education, opportunities for support and dialogue between professionals and family.

Objective: To analyze polypharmacy (daily use of two or more) of continuous use medication and its associated factors in the elderly., Methods: A cross sectional study conducted with elderly individuals living in an urban area of the municipality of Quixadá, Ceara, Brazil from May to December, 2009. The sample consisted of 384 individuals who were 60 years old or older and users of continuous medication. The variables studied were sociodemographic, economical, and health characteristics related to use of medications. For the analysis of the association between the dependent variable polypharmacy of continuous-use medication and the independent variables a logistic regression model was developed., Results: Results showed a predominance of females, between 60 and 69 years old, married, with incomplete elementary school education, non-paid job, family income of one minimum salary, living in their own home and together with up to three individuals. A prevalence of 70.6% of polypharmacy in the elderly was found, and it was higher in women (66.4%). Factors positively associated with the use of two or more continuous-use medication were: family income over one minimum salary (OR 2.83; CI95% = 1.54-5.32); two or more self-reported chronic conditions (OR 17.71; CI95% = 9.80-31.990) and self-perception of regular to poor quality of life (OR 2.85; CI95% = 1.60-5.07)., Conclusions: The study observed a practice of polypharmacy of continuous-use medications in the elderly with family income over one minimum wage, two or more chronic conditions and self-perception of regular to poor quality of life. Such status leads to questions on social, cultural, economic and health aspects.

The objective of this study was to identify the cultural practices about breastfeeding among families enrolled in a Family Health Program (FHP). This exploratory study was performed in the city of Pentecoste (Ceará, Brazil), with 15 mothers who showed some restrictive factor for breastfeeding. Data collection was through direct observation and semi-structured interviews. The analysis revealed empirical categories of pleasure in breastfeeding and the prevention of diseases; influence from family/community; and the difficulty to sustain breastfeeding. The mothers reported difficulties related to the practice of breastfeeding, a lack of adequate health service support involving not only biological but also social and cultural factors. There is a disconnection between the scientific discourse and families' everyday cultural practices.

This paper describes the daily of infantile education teachers in day-cares in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil as well as the developed actions and the possibilities of prevention accidents' with children, in this educative space of health care. It is a descriptive study, using a qualitative approach that involved 17 day care teachers working at the 6th Regional Executive Office (Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil) in the year of 2004. A semi-structured interview was used to collect the data, which was analysed using the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) technique. The results showed that teachers believe that this type of accident is preventable through family orientation, physical modifications of house spaces and creation and enforcement of specific laws. They recognise children's agility and curiosity, which facilitate the occurrence of accidents. In their practices, they report and suggest vigilance, physical changes at the day care centers, and education, through orientation directed to children, teachers, parents (or care givers), and the community. Therefore, health care professionals should share their 'caring' practice with professionals in the educational area, not only in order to prevent accidents and other human health afflictions, but also to expand concepts that contribute Health Promotion.

It was aimed to analyze the research tendency developed by nursing in international scope. Obtained data of two nursing journals were analyzed from the total of 104 articles, being 58 of the Nursing and Health Sciences and 48 of the Journal of Research in Nursing published in the period of 2005 the 2006. The most investigated thematic areas are: professional formation (19.2%), adult health (11%), collective health (11%) and Care and Autonomy (9.6%). A major tendency of data collection carried outin hospital area (42.3%), teaching (34.7%), and public health (23%). We consider that the articles under analysis reveal tendency for qualitative approach, however, the study reveals the need to expand some areas such as the management.

Objective: To analyze the cultural meanings of infantile asthma from the perspective of the mother/carer of the child., Methodological Procedures: Qualitative research conducted in 2004, in the city of Fortaleza (Northeastern Brazil). An ethnographic approach was utilized, consisting of participant observation and interviews with seven mothers, accompanying their children in a hospital emergency ward. Thematic analysis was the technique employed when identifying the meanings of mothers' discourse., Analysis of Results: Two discussion categories were identified: "disinformation on illness" in which it was possible to perceive that the mothers were not informed with respect to their children's illness; and "cultural care" in which they relate information on caretaking and they use resources of popular knowledge to prevent their children's asthma, such as environmental care and the use of popular remedies, based on medicinal plants., Conclusions: The disinformation and lack of maternal knowledge on infantile asthma among the mothers indicate the need for an intense educational program, problematizing in nature and based on dialogue, conducted in close collaboration with the treatment aimed at improving the prognosis of the disease.

Children's nutritional condition reflects both their food consumption and health condition. These factors depend on the food available at home, salubriousness, the environment and the care the child receives. This qualitative study presents perceptions and feelings in order to understand how families live with the problem of child malnutrition. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and observations, involving 10 mothers of undernourished children in the suburbs of Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil. The transcriptions of their discourse revealed the theme categories unemployment and food insecurity. The synthesis of the categories under analysis evidenced that the hunger problem is characteristic by the family's insecurity. Thus, they search for support options, such as health centers, relatives, church and community. There is a need to prioritize preventive work, through public health policies, aimed at measures related to the real world of health promotion.

This paper aims at analyzing three research studies that focused on the effects of the perception in adultś attitudes with the purpose to improve the health care provided to children. Although each study had a distinct area of investigation, all of them adopted the ethnographic approach on the interaction between the adults and children. This work aimed at reporting the researchers' reflections with respect to: i) the adoption of the ethnographic approach in Nursing studies; ii) the theoretical perspectives that are relevant in the production of themes. Authors considered the value of this reflection after the research and its potential in order to understand how it can contribute to consolidate the health care theoretical frameworks in general, and the nursing care models, in particular.