Search

Introduction: To investigate the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and bone mineral density (BMD) in vitamin D-deficient population., Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. From January to December 2020, 2583 middle-aged and older adult aged 40 and above were randomly selected in the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University for health examination and questionnaire survey. The correlation was determined by Pearson correlation method, and the independent correlation was analyzed by multiple linear regression. The receiver Operating characteristic (ROC) curve estimates HDL-C cutoff levels for predicting osteoporosis risk., Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis in the study population was 11.4%, the overall prevalence of 25 (OH) D deficiency was 78.2%. There was no correlation between HDL-C and BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in normal vitamin D group (P > 0.05). HDL-C in the deficient group was negatively correlated with BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck (P < 0.05), but not with BMD of total hip. Serum HDL-C concentration increased with the progression of osteoporosis. When serum 25 (OH) D level was lower than normal level, HDL-C ≥ 1.215 mmol/L was an independent predictor of osteoporosis (sensitivity = 75%, specificity = 53%, Area = 0.625)., Conclusions: HDL-C was inversely associated with BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in people aged 40 years and older with vitamin D deficiency. When serum HDL-C concentration ≥ 1.215 mmol/L, it can better predict the occurrence of osteoporosis., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: All authors have no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval: The study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (2019, No. 275). Informed consent: All participants gave informed consent and provided handwritten signatures., (© 2025. The Japanese Society Bone and Mineral Research.)

Fuxin is located in the atmospheric channel around Bohai Bay, and its geographical location is very special. Few existing studies have investigated the pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in atmospheric PM 2.5 during the four seasons in Fuxin, so a total of 180 PM 2.5 samples were collected from four sampling sites in Fuxin from December 2021 to November 2022. The seasonal distribution characteristics of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Cd and Ba were analysed via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP‒MS), and the source of the heavy metals was analysed via the enrichment factor (EF) and principal component analysis (PCA). A health risk model was used to assess the health risk of respiratory exposure in men, women and children in Fuxin. The results revealed that the annual average mass order of heavy metals in Fuxin PM 2.5 was Zn (0.2947 μg·m -3 ) > Pb (0.0664 μg·m -3 ) > As (0.0225 μg·m -3 ) > Ba (0.0205 μg·m -3 ) > Mn (0.0187 μg·m -3 ) > Cu (0.0140 μg·m -3 ) > Cr (0.0095 μg·m -3 ) > V (0.0067 μg·m -3 ) > Ni (0.0061 μg·m -3 ) > Sb (0.0024 μg·m -3 ) > Cd (0.0019 μg·m -3 ) > Co (0.0007 μg·m -3 ). The annual average concentration of As was 3.75 times the GB3095-2012 (China) secondary standard limit, and the concentration of hazard quotient (HQ) in PM 2.5 was lower than 1, but the concentration of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in As was higher than the cancer risk threshold (10 -4 ). These findings indicate a certain risk of cancer in the urban population of Fuxin. Therefore, it is necessary to control the emissions created from coal burning to minimize the health risks to the people of Fuxin., Competing Interests: Declarations Conflict of interests The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. Ethics approval No ethical approval is needed. Consent to participate Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Consent to publish Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study., (© 2024. The Author(s).)