1. Calorie restriction activates a gastric Notch-FOXO1 pathway to expand ghrelin cells.
- Author
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McKimpson WM, Spiegel S, Mukhanova M, Kraakman M, Du W, Kitamoto T, Yu J, Deng Z, Pajvani U, and Accili D
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Cell Differentiation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled genetics, Cell Proliferation, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors metabolism, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors genetics, Stem Cells metabolism, Nerve Tissue Proteins metabolism, Nerve Tissue Proteins genetics, Gastric Mucosa metabolism, Transcription Factor HES-1 metabolism, Transcription Factor HES-1 genetics, Male, Stomach, Caloric Restriction, Ghrelin metabolism, Forkhead Box Protein O1 metabolism, Forkhead Box Protein O1 genetics, Receptors, Notch metabolism, Receptors, Notch genetics, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
Calorie restriction increases lifespan. Among the tissue-specific protective effects of calorie restriction, the impact on the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. We report increased numbers of chromogranin A-positive (+), including orexigenic ghrelin+ cells, in the stomach of calorie-restricted mice. This effect was accompanied by increased Notch target Hes1 and Notch ligand Jag1 and was reversed by blocking Notch with DAPT, a gamma-secretase inhibitor. Primary cultures and genetically modified reporter mice show that increased endocrine cell abundance is due to altered Lgr5+ stem and Neurog3+ endocrine progenitor cell proliferation. Different from the intestine, calorie restriction decreased gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, while increasing a FOXO1/Neurog3+ subpopulation of endocrine progenitors in a Notch-dependent manner. Further, activation of FOXO1 was sufficient to promote endocrine cell differentiation independent of Notch. The Notch inhibitor PF-03084014 or ghrelin receptor antagonist GHRP-6 reversed the phenotypic effects of calorie restriction in mice. Tirzepatide additionally expanded ghrelin+ cells in mice. In summary, calorie restriction promotes Notch-dependent, FOXO1-regulated gastric endocrine cell differentiation., (© 2024 McKimpson et al.)
- Published
- 2024
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