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Spliceosome dysfunction and aberrant RNA splicing underline unresolved inflammation and immunopathogenesis. Here, we revealed the misregulation of mRNA splicing via the spliceosome in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Among them, decreased expression of RNA binding motif protein 25 (RBM25) was identified as a major pathogenic factor in RA patients and experimental arthritis mice through increased proinflammatory mediator production and increased hyperinflammation in macrophages. Multiomics analyses of macrophages from RBM25-deficient mice revealed that the transcriptional enhancement of proinflammatory genes (including Il1b, Il6, and Cxcl10) was coupled with histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and H3K27ac modifications as well as hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activity. Furthermore, RBM25 directly bound to and mediated the 14 th exon skipping of ATP citrate lyase (Acly) pre-mRNA, resulting in two distinct Acly isoforms, Acly Long (Acly L) and Acly Short (Acly S). In proinflammatory macrophages, Acly L was subjected to protein lactylation on lysine 918/995, whereas Acly S did not, which influenced its affinity for metabolic substrates and subsequent metabolic activity. RBM25 deficiency overwhelmingly increased the expression of the Acly S isoform, enhancing glycolysis and acetyl-CoA production for epigenetic remodeling, macrophage overactivation and tissue inflammatory injury. Finally, macrophage-specific deletion of RBM25 led to inflammaging, including spontaneous arthritis in various joints of mice and inflammation in multiple organs, which could be relieved by pharmacological inhibition of Acly. Overall, targeting the RBM25-Acly splicing axis represents a potential strategy for modulating macrophage responses in autoimmune arthritis and aging-associated inflammation., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to CSI and USTC.)

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a global age-related disease. It has been reported that over half of the Chinese male population aged 70 years or older are experiencing BPH. Solid fuel, which is the major source of household air pollution, has been reportedly associated with several adverse events, including sex hormone disorders. Due to the certain relationship between sex hormone levels and prostate disease, the relationship between solid fuel use and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) suggestive of BPH (LUTS/BPH) deserves further exploration., Objective: This study mainly aimed to investigate the association between solid fuel use and LUTS/BPH., Methods: The data used in this study were obtained from the West China Natural Population Cohort Study. Household energy sources were assessed using questionnaires. LUTS/BPH was evaluated based on participant self-reports. We performed propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce the influence of bias and unmeasured confounders. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI of LUTS/BPH for the solid fuel group compared with the clean fuel group were calculated. We also conducted stratified analyses based on BMI, metabolic syndrome, waist to hip ratio, drinking status, smoking status, and age., Results: A total of 5463 participants were included in this study, including 399 solid fuel users and 5064 clean fuel users. After PSM, the solid fuel group included 354 participants, while the clean fuel group included 701 participants. Solid fuel use was positively correlated with LUTS/BPH before and after PSM (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.31-2.15 and OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.35-2.44, respectively). In stratified analyses, the OR of the nonsmoking group was higher than that of the smoking group (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.56-4.20 and OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.99-2.18, respectively). Similarly, the OR of the nondrinking group was higher than that of the drinking group (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.46-4.99 and OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01-2.17, respectively)., Conclusions: A positive correlation between solid fuel use and LUTS/BPH was observed. The results suggest that improving fuel structure for household cooking and other household needs can possibly help reduce the risk of LUTS/BPH., (© Qiming Yuan, Xianghong Zhou, Li Ma, Boyu Cai, Zilong Zhang, Linghui Deng, Dan Hu, Zhongyuan Jiang, Mingda Wang, Qiang Wei, Shi Qiu. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org).)

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have shown promising immunomodulatory capabilities for a variety of clinical conditions. However, the potential regulatory mechanisms of MSC-EVs in allergic rhinitis (AR) remain unexplored. The present study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs in patients with AR. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from AR patients. The number of peripheral CD4 + Foxp3 + IL-17 + , CD4 + Foxp3 + IL-17 - and CD4 + Foxp3 - IL-17 + T cells in healthy controls and AR patients were evaluated using flow cytometry. Therapeutic effect of MSC-EVs was determined by detecting IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and IL-10 cytokines in supernatant by ELISA and flow cytometry. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was calculated in PBMCs for IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β on T cells after MSC-EVs treatment. Bioinformatic analysis of microRNA was performed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. CD4 + Foxp3 + IL-17 + T cells expression in PBMCs was higher in the AR group and the balance of Treg/Th17 was tilted towards Th17 cells. Supernatant from AR patients revealed that MSC-EVs treatment upregulated IL-10 and IFN-γ, and downregulated IL-4 and IL-17. EVs treatment effectively re-established Th1(CD4 + IFN-γ + cells)/Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + cells) balance, reduced CD4 + IL-17 + and increased CD4 + IL-10 + and CD4 + TGF-β + cells. The MFI of IL-10 and TGF-β in CD4 + CD25 + CD127 - T cells were higher, whereas lower levels of IL-17 were observed. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the TGF-β, Wnt signalling pathways and STAT5 transcription factor might mechanistically support the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs. This study presents the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs in PBMCs from AR patients. The results provide a new therapeutic strategy for AR., (© 2024 The Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology.)

Taste perception is one of the important senses in mammals. Taste dysfunction causes significant inconvenience in daily life, leading to subhealth and even life-threatening condition. Aging is a major cause to taste dysfunction, while the underlying feature related to gustatory aging is still not known. Using single-cell RNA Sequencing, differentially expressed genes between aged and young taste papillae are identified, including upregulated mt-Nd4l and Xist, as well as downregulated Hsp90ab1 and Tmem59. In the Tmem59 -/- circumvallate papillae (CVP), taste mature cell generation is impaired by reduction in the numbers of PLCβ2 + and Car4 + cells, as well as decreases in expression levels of taste transduction genes. Tmem59 -/- mice showed deficits in sensitivities to tastants. Through screening by GenAge and DisGeNET databases, aging-dependent genes and oral disease-associated genes are identified in taste papillae. In the CVP, aging promotes intercellular communication reciprocally between (cycling) basal cell and mature taste cell by upregulated Crlf1/Lifr and Adam15/Itga5 signaling. By transcriptional network analysis, ribosome proteins, Anxa1, Prdx5, and Hmgb1/2 are identified as transcriptional hubs in the aged taste papillae. Chronological aging-associated transcriptional changes throughout taste cell maturation are revealed. Aged taste papillae contain more Muc5b + cells that are not localized in gustatory gland. Collectively, this study shows molecular and cellular features associated with taste papilla aging., (© 2024 The Author(s). Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The AlkB homolog 7 (ALKBH7) is a nonheme iron (II) α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily member, which may affect the progression of several types of human cancer. However, the biological effect, especially the immune-related effect, of ALKBH7 in HNSC remains unclear. Herein, several databases were employed at first to assess the different expression of ALKBH7 as well as their relationship to the prognosis, RNA modification, DNA methylation modulation, immune microenvironment and chemotherapeutic responses of various types of cancers. We found that ALKBH7 was expressed differentially in pan-cancer, and correlated with a satisfied prognosis especially in HNSC. The expression of ALKBH7 was also associated with the level of immune cell infiltration, TMB, MSI, HRD, MMR deficiency, and DNA methyltransferases in a wide variety of cancers, which might be potentially related to the responses against chemotherapeutic agents. Next, the role of ALKBH7 in HNSC was further investigated. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis in HNSC patients from the NMU cohort showed the reduced ALKBH7 expression level in tumor tissues. In vitro experiments of cell migration, invasion, and proliferation showed a potential protective effect of ALKBH7 in HNSC. Collectively, ALKBH7 might play a protective role in the development and progression of multiple cancers by affecting the metabolism and immune cell infiltration, especially HNSC, which could be a potential biomarker to predict prognosis and chemotherapeutic response.

Background: The nasal cavity and gut are interconnected, both housing a rich natural microbiome. Gut microbiota may interact with nasal microbiota and contribute to the development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, the specific role of gut microbiota in CRS has not been fully investigated. Therefore, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to reveal the potential genetic causal effect of gut microbiota on CRS., Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis using aggregated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on gut microbiota and CRS. The primary method used to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CRS was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method. In addition, sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the MR results, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out tests., Results: Genetically predicted twelve gut microbiota, including class Coriobacteriia, class Methanobacteria, family Coriobacteriaceae, family Methanobacteriaceae, family Pasteurellaceae, genus Haemophilus, genus Ruminococcus torques group, genus Subdoligranulum, order Coriobacteriales, order Methanobacteriales, order Pasteurellales, and phylum Proteobacteria, demonstrated a potential inhibitory effect on CRS risk (P < 0.05). In addition, four gut microbiota, including family Streptococcaceae, genus Clostridium innocuum group, genus Oscillospira, and genus Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, exhibited a causal role in increasing CRS risk (P < 0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy (P > 0.05)., Conclusions: This study reveals the causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and CRS, which provides a new direction and theoretical foundation for the future development of interventions and prevention and treatment strategies for CRS., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Juvenile Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma (JPOF) is a type of noncancerous bone tumor that usually affects adolescents in the craniomaxillofacial area. Clinical manifestations are usually symptoms caused by the tumor's invasive compression of surrounding tissues. Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC) is also a benign bone tumor, and it typically occurs in long bones and the spine. Only 2% to 3% of cases occur in the head and neck. Due to the rarity of this combination of clinical cases, clinicians face difficulties in comprehensively understanding this complex lesion. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations and characteristic imaging findings is necessary for surgeons., Case Presentations: On April 6, 2019, a 13-year-old boy presented with left maxillofacial bulge and pain for 1 month. Magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses showed an irregular hive-like mass signal in the left maxillary sinus, and cystic changes with fluid levels were seen in the lesion. After the initial diagnosis of JPOF with primary ABC, we decided to perform a facial mid-facial resection of maxillary sinus tumor to remove the tumor tissue. Finally, after 3 recurrences and 4 operations, there was no tumor recurrence for 20 months after the last operation, and the patient was still under continuous follow-up., Conclusions: This case provided a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of JPOF combined with ABC. In particular, a new understanding of the association between the two diseases and the management of recurrence were proposed, which had the potential to improve clinical understanding of this complicated condition., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

Background: The deep location of infratemporal fossa (ITF) combined with the abundant vascular plexus in it increased the difficulty of removing the mass in ITF through endoscope surgery approach. However, under appropriate circumstances, the excision of ITF tumors through a combined prelacrimal recess, Caldwell-Luc, and distal intraoral approach can be safely performed with minimal impact on the surrounding tissues., Case Presentation: The Department of Neurology received a 69-year-old male patient who had been experiencing headache, dizziness, and numbness from the mastoid region of his left ear to the corner of his mouth for a duration of 22 days. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of a tumor located in the ITF. Following transfer to our department, surgical intervention was performed using a combined approach involving the prelacrimal recess, the anterior wall of maxillary sinus, and lateral ITF to successfully remove the tumor. Postoperative pathologic examination confirmed schwannoma as its nature. The patient was discharged in excellent condition without any functional impairment., Conclusions: On the basis of this case, the authors believe that this combined approach can offer a distinct endoscopic perspective and adequate surgical workspace, which is crucial for tumor removal while preserving the integrity of surrounding normal tissues. Moreover, the utilization of multiple small incisions has minimal impact on postoperative recovery., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

Background: Bladder cancer, characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence, has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs. To date, tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer stem cells in several cancer types. Nonetheless, the existence of soft tumor cells in bladder tumors remains elusive. Thus, our study aimed to develop a micro-barrier microfluidic chip to efficiently isolate deformable tumor cells from distinct types of bladder cancer cells., Methods: The stiffness of bladder cancer cells was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The modified microfluidic chip was utilized to separate soft cells, and the 3D Matrigel culture system was to maintain the softness of tumor cells. Expression patterns of integrin β8 (ITGB8), protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were determined by Western blotting. Double immunostaining was conducted to examine the interaction between F-actin and tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59). The stem-cell-like characteristics of soft cells were explored by colony formation assay and in vivo studies upon xenografted tumor models., Results: Using our newly designed microfluidic approach, we identified a small fraction of soft tumor cells in bladder cancer cells. More importantly, the existence of soft tumor cells was confirmed in clinical human bladder cancer specimens, in which the number of soft tumor cells was associated with tumor relapse. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the biomechanical stimuli arising from 3D Matrigel activated the F-actin/ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis pathways to enhance the softness and tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells. Simultaneously, we detected a remarkable up-regulation in ITGB8, TRIM59, and phospho-AKT in clinical bladder recurrent tumors compared with their non-recurrent counterparts., Conclusions: The ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis axis plays a crucial role in modulating tumor softness and stemness. Meanwhile, the soft tumor cells become more sensitive to chemotherapy after stiffening, that offers new insights for hampering tumor progression and recurrence., (Copyright © 2024 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer, Inc. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license.)

Some evidence have suggested that various nutrients and inflammatory factors might influence the lower urinary tract function. However, the correlation between diet and urinary flow rate (UFR) is not clear. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and UFR. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2009-2016. The dependent and independent variables were UFR and DII score, respectively. Dietary information was collected by 24-hour dietary recall interviews method, and DII scores were computed based on it. Tertiles group was divided according to DII scores. The study included 17,114 participants for whom data on DII and UFR were available, with a mean age of 35.68 ± 20.96 years. Participants with higher DII score presented lower UFR levels (β= -0.05; 95% CI: [-0.06-0.04]). In addition, the risk of UFR decline elevated significantly gradual across DII score tertiles (p for trend <0.001). Our findings revealed that increased intake of pro-inflammatory diet, as a higher DII score, is correlated with decreased UFR. These results might be useful for the public health system to provide primary prevention recommendations for lower urinary tract voiding problem, but further high-quality prospective research is needed.

Rationale: Gustation is important to several biological functions in mammals. However, chemotherapy drugs often harm taste perception in cancer patients, while the underlying mechanism is still unclear for most drugs and there is no effective way to restore taste function. This study investigated the effects of cisplatin on the taste cell homeostasis and gustatory function. Methods: We used both mice and taste organoid models to study the effect of cisplatin on taste buds. Gustometer assay, gustatory nerve recording, RNA-Sequencing, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the cisplatin-induced alteration in taste behavior and function, transcriptome, apoptosis, cell proliferation and taste cell generation. Results: Cisplatin inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in the circumvallate papilla, leading to significant impairment in taste function and receptor cell generation. The transcriptional profile of genes associated with cell cycle, metabolic process and inflammatory response was significantly altered after cisplatin treatment. Cisplatin inhibited growth, promoted apoptosis, and deferred taste receptor cell differentiation in taste organoids. LY411575, a γ-secretase inhibitor, reduced the number of apoptotic cells and increased the number of proliferative cells and taste receptor cells, potentially suggesting as a taste tissue protective agent against chemotherapy. LY411575 treatment could offset the increased number of Pax1 + or Pycr1 + cells induced by cisplatin in the circumvallate papilla and taste organoids. Conclusion: This study highlights the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on taste cell homeostasis and function, identifies critical genes and biological processes regulated by chemotherapy, and proposes potential therapeutic targets and strategy for taste dysfunction in cancer patients., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)

Background: Pharyngeal foreign body is not only a common emergency in people's daily life, but also a common simple disease in otorhinolaryngology. However, the disease is easy to be ignored due to its common occurrence, which may lead to a series of serious complications including sepsis and local abscess., Case Presentation: In this case, a patient with sepsis, piriform fistula, deep neck abscess, and mediastinal abscess caused by a fishbone was reported. After reviewing the international literature on severe infectious complications caused by foreign bodies in pharynx, the authors emphasize the important role of multidisciplinary team in dealing with complex complications., Result: The whole process of patient from onset to recovery was summarized in a timeline. During hospitalization, the value of leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein in routine blood test was record dynamically. The electronic laryngoscopy, neck computed tomography and chest computed tomography were used to judge treatment efficacy. After about 2 months of hospitalization, the patient was recovered without sequelae. No adverse reactions were found during the follow-up., Conclusion: The incorrect method of removing foreign body after mis-swallowing may develop serious complications. Therefore, It is important to strengthen medical preaching for general population of correct treatments after foreign body ingestion. In addition, the case reminds clinicians to pay more attention to patients' medical history and details of all medical examinations, which may provide significant clues for making the correct diagnosis and treatment quickly., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

A novel P/N/Si-containing flame retardant (marked as DASO) was synthesized through an Atherton-Todd reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide and aminophenyl silicone oil, and further used for reducing fire hazards of polycarbonate (PC). The chemical structure of DASO was verified via FTIR, 1 H, and 31 P NMR. Upon the incorporation of 2 wt% DASO, the FRPC composite achieved a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32.2% and a desired UL-94 V-0 rating. In this case, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 26% and 44% as compared with the pure PC, respectively. The improved fire safety contributed to the flame retardant roles of DASO in both the condensed phase and gas phase. The presence of DASO promoted the formation of dense and highly graphited char layer in the condensed phase, and released non-combustible gases and phosphorus-containing radicals in the gas phase. Furthermore, the FRPC composites displayed comparable elongation at break but a slightly reduced tensile and impact strength.

To endow synergistically epoxy resin (EP) with excellent fire resistance and high optical transparency, a nitrogen-rich DOPO-based derivate (named as FATP) was synthesized and incorporated into EP. It showed that the incorporation of the FATP reduced the fire hazard of the EP, as demonstrated by the fact that the EP/4% FATP blends gained a UL-94 V-0 rating and an LOI value of 35%, with the lowest values of the THR (86.7 MJ/m 2 ), the PHRR (1059.3 kW/m 2 ), and the TSP (89.6 MJ/m 2 ). The presence of the FATP also reduced the thermal stability and the crosslinking density whilst improving the curing reaction and the storage modulus of the EP/FATP blends. The TG-FTIR spectra showed that •HPO/•PO free radicals and some nonflammable gases (HN 3 and NH 3 ) were produced during the pyrolysis, and the characterization (SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS) of char residues confirmed that the FATP facilitated the formation of continuous and compact carbon layers of greater graphitization degree. It was thus concluded that the FATP played the flame-retardant roles in both the gas and condensed phases. Furthermore, the FREPs kept almost identical transparency as the pristine EP, and mechanical properties were also slightly enhanced. The FREPs presented in this work show promising applications in the fields of advanced optical technology.

Objective: As the population aged, voiding dysfunction has been steadily rising among males during the past decade. Increasing evidence showed that sleep disorders are associated with an increasing risk of various diseases, but the association between sleep disorders and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) among Chinese males have not been well characterized., Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS) 2019-2021. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) in Chinese version. LUTS/BPH as a dependent variable of a binary variable, assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the correlation between sleep disorders and the risk of LUTS/BPH after adjusting for confounding factors., Results: 11,824 eligible Chinese men participated in this cross-sectional survey. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variables, global PSQI score (OR: 1.257, 1.119-1.411, p < 0.001) and its six compounds (Subjective sleep quality: OR: 1.376, 1.004-1.886, p = 0.048; Sleep latency: OR: 0.656, 0.557-0.773, p < 0.001; Sleep duration: OR: 1.441, 1.189-1.745, p < 0.001; Habitual sleep efficiency: OR: 1.369, 1.193-1.570, p < 0.001; Daytime dysfunction: OR: 1.702, 1.278-2.267, p < 0.001) except the use of sleep drug subgroup were significantly positively correlated with LUTS/BPH prevalence. Significant interaction effects were observed in age subgroups (age-young group: age < 51; age-middle group: 51 ≤ age ≤ 61; age-older group: age > 61) ( P < 0.05). Among older participants, sleep disorders were more significantly associated with the risk of LUTS/BPH., Conclusion: There was a significant association between poor sleep quality and increased prevalence of LUTS/BPH, especially among the elderly male population, suggesting an important role of healthy sleep in reducing prostate disease burden., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Li, Zhou, Qiu, Cai, Wang, Chen, Hu, Jiang, Wang, Xiong, Jin, Wei, Yang and Ma.)

Background: Growing number of studies have evidently shown that sleep disorders are associated with the recently increased risk of various diseases in general human population. However, the relationship between sleep quality and urolithiasis condition in humans is still unclear. The present study explored the relationship between quality of sleep and urolithiasis in Chinese population of population, western China and hence investigated the effects of sleep quality on urolithiasis disease., Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS). The data was collected between May 2019 and June 2021. This study evaluated the association between the sleep quality and urolithiasis. The sleep quality was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) whereas urolithiasis, as the outcome was a binary variable. Multivariable logistic regression models that adjust the sociodemographic characteristics and health-related factors were used to assess the association between sleep quality and urolithiasis. Interaction was tested in prespecified subgroup of interest., Results: After adjusting a series of confounding variables, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to have a significant positive correlation with the prevalence of urolithiasis (OR: 1.178; 95% CI = 1.083-1.282; p < 0.001). The risk of urolithiasis was significantly increased with an elevation of the component Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score in sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction., Conclusions: It was evident that there is an association between sleep quality and prevalence of renal stones in natural population in western China regions. Poor sleep quality is related to urolithiasis. The findings of the current study hence highlighted the need for future public health guidelines to develop detailed strategies for improving sleep quality., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Objective: We evaluate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and kidney stones., Design: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary intake information was assessed using first 24-h dietary recall interviews, and the Kidney Conditions were presented by a questionnaire. The primary outcome was to investigate the association between DII and incidence of kidney stones, and the secondary outcome was to assess the association between DII and nephrolithiasis recurrence., Setting: The NHANES, 2007-2016., Participants: The study included 25 984 NHANES participants, whose data on DII and kidney stones were available, of whom 2439 reported a history of kidney stones., Results: For the primary outcome, after fully multivariate adjustment, DII score is positively associated with the risk of kidney stones (OR = 1·07; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·10). Then, compared Q4 with Q1, a significant 38 % increased likelihood of nephrolithiasis was observed. (OR = 1·38; 95 % CI 1·19, 1·60). For the secondary outcome, the multivariate regression analysis showed that DII score is positively correlated with nephrolithiasis recurrence (OR = 1·07; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·15). The results noted that higher DII scores (Q3 and Q4) are positively associated with a significant 48 % and 61 % increased risk of nephrolithiasis recurrence compared with the reference after fully multivariate adjustment (OR = 1·48; 95 % CI 1·07, 2·05; OR = 1·61; 95 % CI 1·12, 2·31)., Conclusions: Our findings revealed that increased intake of pro-inflammatory diet, as a higher DII score, is correlated with increased odds of kidney stones incidence and recurrence.

Background: Low lean mass and cognitive impairment are both age-related diseases. In addition, these conditions share many risk factors. However, the association between them has been controversial in recent years., Objective: To investigate the association between low lean mass and cognitive performance in U.S. adults using NHANES data from 1999 to 2002., Methods: A total of 2550 participants were identified in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database (1999-2002). The independent variable was low lean mass, and the dependent variable was cognitive performance. Men and women were classified as having low lean mass if appendicular lean mass (ALM) adjusted for BMI (ALM BMI ) was < 0.789 and < 0.512, respectively. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Higher scores on the DSST indicated better cognitive performance. The covariates included sex, age, race, poverty income ratio, comorbidity index, educational level, physical activity and smoking status., Results: For the primary outcome, our multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that participants without low lean mass were associated with better cognitive performance (β = 1.50; 95% CI [0.12-2.89]). Subgroup analysis results indicated that the association was similar in sex, age, race, poverty income ratio, comorbidity index, educational level, physical activity and smoking status., Conclusions: Participants without low lean mass were associated with better cognitive performance. We might be able to improve cognitive performance by treating low lean mass, thus providing an opportunity for intervention at a younger age., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Purpose: This study investigated the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and sex hormones in a large, nationally representative adult male sample., Materials and Methods: We utilized data from the 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Males aged ≥20 years who provided a 24-hour dietary intake history and underwent serum sex hormone testing were included in analysis. Weighted proportions and multivariable analysis controlling for age, race, energy, smoking status, education level, body mass index and time of venipuncture were used to evaluate the associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index and sex hormones., Results: For 4,151 participants, Dietary Inflammatory Index ranged from -5.05 to 5.48. Mean±SD total testosterone was 419.30±176.27 ng/dl. Mean±SD total testosterone was lower among men in the highest tertile compared with men in the lowest tertile group (410.42±171.97 vs 422.71±175.69, p <0.001). A per unit increase in Dietary Inflammatory Index was related to 4.0% (95% CI 0.5-7.6) higher odds of testosterone deficiency. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, males in Dietary Inflammatory Index tertile 3 (the most pro-inflammatory) had 29.6% (3.1-63.0) higher odds of testosterone deficiency than those in tertile 1 (p trend=0.025). Interaction tests revealed no significant effect of body mass index on the association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with testosterone deficiency and all sex hormone parameters., Conclusions: Men adhering to a more pro-inflammatory diet appear to have a higher risk of testosterone deficiency, indicating the important role of diet in male reproductive health.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and urinary incontinence (UI) among a representative sample of the US women. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of women younger than 65 years using the 1999 to 2016 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) populations. DII were calculated based on baseline dietary intake using 24-h dietary recalls. UI was determined and categorized by self-reported questions. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between DII and UI. Stratified linear regression models were applied to test for interaction in prespecified subgroup of interest. A total of 13,441 women age between 20 and 65 years were included in the final analysis. Of these participants 3230 (24.03%) complained of urgency UI, 5276 (39.25%) complained of stress UI and 2028 (15.09%) complained of mixed UI. On multivariate analysis, analysis with DII categorized as quartiles revealed significantly increase odds of urgency UI in the most pro-inflammatory quartile compared to the most anti-inflammatory quartile (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.44, P = 0.004 for trend) in full adjustment model. Similar results were observed in SUI (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.30, P = 0.021 for trend) and MUI (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.43, P = 0.022 for trend). More pro-inflammatory diets, as presented by higher DII scores are associated with an increased likelihood of UI in American women younger than 65 years. Further studies are needed to explore the possible physiological mechanism and evaluate the potential therapeutic implications.

This study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data from 1999 to 2006 to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential, represented by dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores, and the risk of sarcopenia in U.S. adults. A total of 25,781 participants were included in the study. The DII scores were calculated based on dietary information collected from 24-hour recalls. Men and women were classified as sarcopenic if appendicular lean mass (ALM) adjusted for BMI (ALM BMI ) was <0.789 or <0.512, respectively. The covariates included comorbidities, dietary data, demographic data, and physical examination data. In a full-adjusted model, each unit of increase in DII score was associated with a 12% increase in risk of sarcopenia. When categorizing sarcopenia into tertiles, the adjusted effect size (relative to Tertile1) was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.07, 1.47) for Tertile 2 and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.31, 1.83) for Tertile 3. The trend test showed that the risk of sarcopenia increased with increasing DII tertiles, (P <0.0001). These findings demonstrate that dietary inflammatory potential correlates positively with the risk of sarcopenia and suggest that making ones diet inflammatory may reduce the incidence of sarcopenia and its associated negative health outcomes.