1. Plant-Based Diets and Risk of Multimorbidity: The Health and Retirement Study.
- Author
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Vega-Cabello V, Al Hinai M, Yévenes-Briones H, Caballero FF, Lopez-García E, and Baylin A
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, United States epidemiology, Risk Factors, Retirement, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Diet, Healthy statistics & numerical data, Diet, Plant-Based, Multimorbidity, Diet, Vegetarian
- Abstract
Background: Plant-based diets have gained attention due to their beneficial effects against major chronic diseases, although their association with multimorbidity is mostly unknown., Objectives: We examined the association between the healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful plant-based diet indices (uPDI) with multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults from the United States., Methods: Data on 4262 adults aged >50 y was obtained from the 2012-2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). Food consumption was collected at baseline with a food frequency questionnaire and 2 PDIs were derived: the hPDI, with positive scores for healthy plant foods and reverse scores for less healthy plant foods and animal foods; and the uPDI, with only positive scoring for less healthy plant foods. Complex multimorbidity, defined as ≥3 coexistent conditions, was ascertained from 8 self-reported conditions: hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and depression. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)., Results: After a median follow-up of 7.8 y, we documented 1202 incident cases of multimorbidity. Compared with the lowest quartile, higher adherence to the hPDI was inversely associated with multimorbidity (HR for quartile 3: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.96 and HR for quartile 4: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63, 0.98; P-trend = 0.02). In addition, a 10-point increment in the hPDI was associated with a 11% lower incidence of multimorbidity (95% CI: 1, 20%). No significant associations were found for the uPDI after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors., Conclusions: Higher adherence to the hPDI was inversely associated with multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults. Plant-based diets that emphasize consumption of high-quality plant foods may help prevent the development of complex multimorbidity., (Copyright © 2024 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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