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Objective: To evaluate the opinions of primary health-care providers and patients regarding the use of the Healthy Heart Score 20-year cardiovascular disease risk assessment tool in the clinical setting., Methods: Semi-structured in person or phone interviews among 20 patients with no self-reported cardiovascular disease diagnoses and 20 health-care providers in Central (Columbus) and Southeastern (Athens) regions of Ohio. The researchers independently coded transcribed interviews, discussed codes to resolve discrepancies, and agreed on common themes., Results: Participants suggested ways to best utilize and improve the tool, including adding graphics for visual reference of serving size. Patients showed interest in cardiovascular disease primordial prevention and expressed willingness to take the assessment prior to seeing a health-care provider. Health-care providers said that they would recommend the assessment to their patients and would be willing to use the tool in their practice. Health-care providers stated few barriers to using the tool, yet discussed numerous challenges to successful primordial prevention., Conclusions: Our findings support the utilization of the Healthy Heart Score as a cardiovascular disease primordial prevention tool in the clinical setting. Additional research implementing the tool into the clinical setting will provide deeper insight into how the tool can impact behavior change and cardiovascular disease prevention.

Background: Up to 50 % of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) will receive a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within a decade after pregnancy. While excess postpartum weight retention exacerbates T2DM risk, lifestyle changes and behavior modifications can promote healthy postpartum weight loss and contribute to T2DM prevention efforts. However, some women have difficulty prioritizing self-care during this life stage. Efficacious interventions that women can balance with motherhood to reduce T2DM risk remain a goal. The objective of the Moms in Motion study is to evaluate the efficacy of a simple, novel, activity-boosting intervention using ankle weights worn with daily activities during a 6-month postpartum intervention among women with GDM. We hypothesize that women randomized to the 6-month intensity-modifying intervention will (1) demonstrate greater weight loss and (2) greater improvement in body composition and biomarker profile versus controls., Methods: This study will be a parallel two-arm randomized controlled trial (n = 160). Women will be allocated 1:1 to an ankle weight intervention group or a standard-of-care control group. The intervention uses ankle weights (1.1 kg) worn on each ankle during routine daily activities (e.g., cleaning, childcare). Primary outcomes include pre- and post-assessments of weight from Visit 2 to Visit 3. Secondary outcomes include body composition, glycemia (2-h, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test), and fasting insulin. Exploratory outcomes include energy expenditure, diet, and psychosocial well-being., Discussion: Beyond the expected significance of this study in its direct health impacts from weight loss, it will contribute to exploring (1) the mechanism(s) by which the intervention is successful (mediating effects of energy expenditure and diet on weight loss) and (2) the effects of the intervention on body composition and biomarkers associated with insulin resistance and metabolic health. Additionally, we expect the findings to be meaningful regarding the intervention's effectiveness on engaging women with GDM in the postpartum period to reduce T2DM risk., Trial Registration: The ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, is NCT03664089 . The trial registration date is September 10, 2018. The trial sponsor is Dr. Sarah A. Keim.