1. Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Cholinesterase, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Plant Derived Extracts and Column Semi-Purified Fractions of Ficus benghalensis .
- Author
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Rauf A, Almasoud N, Ibrahim M, Alomar TS, Khalil AA, Khursheed T, Khan MU, Jan MS, Bhardwaj K, Iriti M, and Sharma R
- Subjects
- Plant Leaves chemistry, Butyrylcholinesterase metabolism, Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors pharmacology, Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors isolation & purification, alpha-Amylases antagonists & inhibitors, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors pharmacology, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors isolation & purification, Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase metabolism, Plant Roots chemistry, Ficus chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts chemistry, Cholinesterase Inhibitors pharmacology, Cholinesterase Inhibitors isolation & purification, Cholinesterase Inhibitors chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents isolation & purification, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Hypoglycemic Agents chemistry, Hypoglycemic Agents isolation & purification
- Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the in-vitro anti-diabetic, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory potential of extracts from different parts of Ficus benghalensis , including leaves, stem, and roots, as well as isolated column fractions (F-B-1 C, F-B-2 C, F-B-3 C, and F-B-4 C)., Methods: The extracts and subsequent fractions were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes involved in diabetes [α-glucosidase and α-amylase], neurodegenerative diseases [acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase], and inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX))., Results: The results showed that F. benghalensis leaf extract exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (73.84%) and α-amylase inhibitory activity (76.29%) at 1000 µg/mL. The stem extract (65.50%) and F-B-2 C fraction (69.67%) also demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In terms of anti-cholinesterase activity, the extracts of roots, leaves, and stem showed promising inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 50.50 to 474.83 µg/mL. The derived fractions (F-B-1 C, F-B-2 C, F-B-3 C, and F-B-4 C) also exhibited notable inhibition of AChE and BChE, with IC50 values from 91.85 to 337.94 µg/mL. Moreover, the F-B-3 C fraction demonstrated the highest COX-2 inhibitory potential (85.72%), followed by F-B-1 C (83.13%), the stem extract (80.85%), and the leaves extract (79.00%). The F-B-1 C fraction showed the highest 5-LOX inhibitory activity (87.63%), while the root extract exhibited the lowest inhibition (73.39%)., Conclusions: The results demonstrated promising bioactivity, suggesting the potential of F. benghalensis as a source of natural compounds with therapeutic applications. Further studies are required to identify and isolate the active components responsible for these effects and to evaluate their in-vivo efficacy and safety., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Given his role as Guest Editor and Editorial Board Member of Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Marcello Iriti had no involvement in the peer-review of this article and has no access to information regarding its peer review. Full responsibility for the editorial process for this article was delegated to Jen-Tsung Chen., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.)
- Published
- 2024
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