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Objective: To evaluate the major risk factors among male and female patients with severe coronary artery diseases undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)., Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 897 (655 male and 242 female) patients from March 2001 to March 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Golestan Hospital, Ahwaz, Iran, with male to female ratio approximately 2.7. The mean age was 54.37+/-0.3 years. The major risk factors were diabetes mellitus, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, familial history of coronary artery disease, past medical history of myocardial infarction and heart failure before surgery., Results: The results show that the rate of risk factors among the males and females was age (male=54.01, female=55.35 years), smoking (p=0.00001), previous myocardial infarction (p=0.00004), heart failure (p=0.05), diabetes mellitus (p=0.0001), hyperlipidemia (p=0.00001), obesity (p=0.03), historical familial background (p=0.01) and hypertension (p=0.000001). The risk factors were revealed significantly higher in females than males (p<0.05)., Conclusion: The incidence of the risk factors among the females showed higher than males patients.