Objective: Introduction: Attempt of Crimea annexation by Russia, further sanction and legal isolation of the peninsula created specific conditions for the local medical infrastructure and health protection. The aim:of this article is to determine the current legal and organizational policies of Russia and Ukraine regarding health protection for the Crimean residents, evaluate their results after the five years of Russian effective control over Crimea., Patients and Methods: Materials and methods: Author analyzed the legal acts and reports regarding to the medical, demographic and migration issues for Crimeans, issued by international structures, by the Ukrainian bodies and Russian de-facto authorities., Results: Results: Research shows that the attempt of Russia to establish since 2014 its own model of health care in Crimea caused the system medical crisis, connected with lack of medic units and personnel, possibly low quality of the pharmacy. Ukraine did not reflect the specific duties of the Crimean residents in its own medical policy and reforming. The needs of healthcare for such numerous people that temporarily relocated from peninsula to the government-controlled territory stays not well-satisfied., Conclusion: Conclusions: International organizations with the relevant mandate must pay more attention to the healthcare issues for the Crimeans, such circumstances should be monitored by the UN and OSCE missions and be covered by the ICRC mission in Kyiv. Ukrainian health care reform must consider the requirements for medical aid of Crimeans that temporarily relocated from peninsula.