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Endemic cretinism (EC) is one of the most severe iodine deficiency disorders, leading to typical symptoms such as neurodevelopmental impairments or mental deficits. In addition to environmental factors, the pathogenesis of its genetic contribution remains unclear. The study revealed the differential expression profiles of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) and messenger RNA(mRNA) based on high-throughput RNA-seq. GO and KEGG analyses were used to annotate the function and pathway of differentially expressed (DE) mRNA and co-expressed mRNA. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was established. The expression levels of three lncRNAs and six mRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis (qRT-PCR) and subjected to correlation analysis. Compared to controls, a total of 864 lncRNAs and 393 mRNAs were differentially expressed. The PPI network had 149 nodes and 238 edges, and three key protein-coding genes were observed. Levels of LINC01220 and target mRNA IDO1 were statistically elevated in EC patients. Differentially expressed lncRNA may be a new potential player in EC. LINC01220 and IDO1 might interact with each other to participate in EC. The biological process of regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential and the Rap1 signaling pathway might exert a regulating role in the pathophysiological process of EC. Our findings could provide more theoretical and experimental evidence for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of EC., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics Approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were by the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Harbin Medical University (No. hrbmuecdc20201201). Consent to Participate: Written informed consent was provided by all control participants and guardians of all patients. Consent for Publication: Consent to publish from the participant was obtained to report individual participant data. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Cyclometalated iridium (Ir) complexes demonstrate impressive capabilities across a range of fields, including biology and photocatalysis, due to their tunable optical characteristics and structure flexibility. However, generating upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes under near-infrared light excitation is challenging. Herein, by employing lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the sensitizer, a new strategy is demonstrated to gain upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes via triplet energy transfer. This design relies on a rationally designed hybrid of core-shell structured NaYbF 4 :Tb@NaTbF 4 UCNPs and new Ir phosphonate complexes, in which UCNPs can migrate upconverted energy to the surface of nanoparticles through Tb 3+ -mediated energy migration and then sensitize the upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes upon 980 nm excitation. Both experimental and theoretical investigations highlight the significance of triplet energy transfer from excited Tb 3+ ions to the triplet state of Ir complexes in the sensitization of upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes. These findings may open exciting avenues for fabricating hybrid Ir materials with new functions and driving the development of UCNP-based nanomaterials., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Carbohydrates are natural, renewable, chemical compounds that play crucial roles in biological systems. Thus, efficient and stereoselective glycosylation is an urgent task for the preparation of pure and structurally well-defined carbohydrates. Photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in carbohydrate chemistry, providing an alternative for addressing some of the challenges of glycochemistry. Over the last few decades, Ir- and Ru-based organometallic photocatalysts have attracted significant interest because of their high stability, high-energy triplet state, strong visible-light absorption, long luminescence lifetime, and amenability to ligand modification. This review highlights the recent progress in the organometallic photocatalyst-promoted synthesis and modification of carbohydrates under photoirradiation, as well as the related benefits and drawbacks., (© 2024 The Chemical Society of Japan and Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Anticipating intramolecular excited-state proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process within dinuclear Ir 2 -photocatalytic system via the covalent linkage is seminal, yet challenging. Indeed, the development of various dinuclear complexes is also promising for studying integral photophysics and facilitating applications in catalysis or biology. Herein, this study reports dinuclear [Ir 2 (bis{imidazo-phenanthrolin-2-yl}-hydroquinone)(ppy) 4 ] 2+ (1 2+ ) complex by leveraging both ligand-centered redox property and intramolecular H-bonding for exploring dual excited-state proton-transfer assisted PCET process. The vital role of covalently placed hydroquinone in bridged ligand is investigated as electron-proton transfer (ET-PT) mediator in intramolecular PCET and validated from triplet spin density plot. Moreover, bimolecular photoinduced ET reaction is studied in acetonitrile/water medium, forging the lowest energy triplet charge separated ( 3 CS Phen-Im ) state of 1 2+ with methyl viologen via favorably concerted-PCET pathway. The result indicates strong donor-acceptors coupling, which limits charge recombination and enhances catalytic efficiency. To showcase the potential application, this bioinspired PCET-based photocatalytic platform is studied for phototherapeutics, indicating significant mitochondrial localization and leading to programmed cell death (apoptosis) through futile redox cycling. Indeed, the consequences of effective internalization (via energy-dependent endocytosis), better safety profile, and higher photoinduced antiproliferative activity of 1 2+ compared to Cisplatin, as explored in 3D tumor spheroids, this study anticipates it to be a potential lead compound., (© 2024 The Author(s). Small published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)