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The paper presents the results of a scientometric analytical research on the study of the publication landscape formed by research institutes and scientific-practical centers subordinate to the Moscow Healthcare Department. The study was conducted using the analytical platform SciVal, the data source for which is the database Scopus, the time period was 5 years - from 2017 to 2021. The results obtained in the course of the study indicate a steady growth and positive dynamics of changes in the selected scientometric indicators, as well as a significant contribution of Moscow research institutes and scientific-practical centers to the publication flow of the Moscow Healthcare Department. For the publishing landscape of Moscow medical science, there is a wide variety of subject areas in which its publications are distributed, a significant part of which belongs to highly relevant topic clusters.

The paper describes the role of radionuclide technologies among the nuclear-physical methods used in medicine. The condition and prospects of the development of nuclear technology with use of radionuclides in medicine, and in particular, the method of brachytherapy are analyzed. The analysis of the current state of applying radionuclide facilities in medicine is provided.

The paper deals with issues associated with the management of personnel resources at the regional level (Chita Region); it also analyses the specific staffing and structure of medical personnel and occupational retraining of experts. Disproportion in the distribution of medical experts within the region as well as disparity between the total quantity of medical staff and numbers of experts in different fields were demonstrated by the analysis.

Outlined in the paper are some essential aspects related with the activity results of the All-Russia Research Institute for Medical Instrument-Making Ltd. of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, as of the leading Russian institution in the field of medical instrument-making. Data are described on a variety of already manufactured and on some new medical equipment items now in the process of designing.

The paper considers the state-of-the-art, problems, and prospects for development of interventional and surgical arrhythmology in Russia, which is a multidisciplinary specialty which integrates present-day achievements of medicine and new technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

This paper discusses the results of examinations of 87 anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists, aimed at elucidation of the effects of stress factors on their work, analyzes various aspects of stress in these specialists. The resistance of a physician to psychological (information) stress is determined by biological, social, and psychological factors. The desirability of creating a universal system of psychological monitoring of anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists is validated.

The paper presents the results of recent studies of human major histocompatibility complex. They are due to the progress made at the serological and molecular genetic levels of research and are applied in practical medicine, including in endocrinological and transplantological care. The main prospects of using these achievements in immunogenetics in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases, including AIDS are defined.

The paper focuses on the history and sources of origin of sanology as science, with its brief characterization being given, relating to such items as definition, object and subject of investigation, methodological approaches and tasks, with special emphasis being placed on the significance of sanology in the elaboration of general theory of medicine.

The most important methodological problems of modern medicine, such as sociobiological relationships, the methodological and social aspects of teaching of normalcy, health, and diseases, physiological/pathological ratios, determinism, casualty and etiology, a part and the whole, regional and systemic in the light of the systems approach, diagnosis in the light of conception, etc. To solve these problems is inseparably linked with the assessment and analysis of general theoretic and methodological issues outlined in the "General Human Pathology" (the 2nd edition) by D. S. Sarkisov, M. A. Paltsev, and N. K. Khitrov (Moscow, 1997). The work is a peculiar unit of a paper and a review.

The paper deals with the complex presentation of data for endoscopic studies on personal computers for the benefit of a physician in drawing up medical documents, establishing an accurate diagnosis, preparing a treatment regimen, as well as in facilitating his work, storing and processing data, searching for reference information, drawing up the dynamics of morbidity and its prediction. A scheme for complex presentation of the information required for endoscopic studies is given.

The paper deals with some aspects of the dialectics of structure and function relationships in biological objects normally and pathologically. Idealistic and metaphysical concepts of the structure-function relationships (morphological idealism, holism, physiological idealism, functionalism) are critisized, and historical premises of these concepts are characterized. The principle of indissoluble unity and interconnection of changes in structure and function is emphasized, while the thesis of the primacy of function in the shaping of the form and the concept of functional diseases are rejected. Much attention is paid to the methodological principles of the study of structure and function based on the systemic approach to the investigation of biological objects from the point of view of structural levels and integratism. The groundlessness of the principles of reductionism and organicism in the solution of this problem is indicated. The connection of the concepts of structure and function with categories and laws of materialistic dialectics is dwelt on.

The paper presents the opinion that the medical science supported by theoretical generalizations is directed to mastering its scientific cognition, which will enable medicine to reach theoretical levels. In theoretical pathology, it is essential, as the first step, to define the concept of a disease in terms of dialectical materialism, to develop the concept of human disease, to apply the principles of dialectical determinism in a step-by-step fashion, to be critical in using reductionism and related scientific substantiation of strategies to solve health problems.