44 results
Search Results
2. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination Recommendations for Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: The NeumoExperts Prevention Group Position Paper.
- Author
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Redondo E, Rivero-Calle I, Mascarós E, Ocaña D, Jimeno I, Gil Á, Linares M, Onieva-García MÁ, González-Romo F, Yuste J, and Martinón-Torres F
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- Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Vaccination, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections prevention & control, Respiratory Tract Infections
- Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in adults, particularly older adults and those with underlying medical conditions. Vaccination has emerged as a potential key strategy to prevent RSV-related morbidity and mortality. This Neumoexperts Prevention (NEP) Group scientific paper aims to provide an evidence-based positioning and RSV vaccination recommendations for adult patients. We review the current literature on RSV burden and vaccine development and availability, emphasising the importance of vaccination in the adult population. According to our interpretation of the data, RSV vaccines should be part of the adult immunisation programme, and an age-based strategy should be preferred over targeting high-risk groups. The effectiveness and efficiency of this practice will depend on the duration of protection and the need for annual or more spaced doses. Our recommendations should help healthcare professionals formulate guidelines and implement effective vaccination programmes for adult patients at risk of RSV infection now that specific vaccines are available., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. Risks, indications and technical aspects of colonoscopy in elderly or frail patients. Position paper of the Societat Catalana de Digestologia, the Societat Catalana de Geriatria i Gerontologia and the Societat Catalana de Medicina de Familia i Comunitaria.
- Author
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Machlab S, Francia E, Mascort J, García-Iglesias P, Mendive JM, Riba F, Guarner-Argente C, Solanes M, Ortiz J, and Calvet X
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- Humans, Aged, Frail Elderly, Colonoscopy methods, Risk Assessment, Frailty diagnosis
- Abstract
Colonoscopy (CS) is an invasive diagnostic and therapeutic technique, allowing the study of the colon. It is a safe and well tolerated procedure. However, CS is associated with an increased risk of adverse events, insufficient preparation and incomplete examinations in the elderly or frail patient (PEA/F). The objective of this position paper was to develop a set of recommendations on risk assessment, indications and special care required for CS in the PEA/F. It was drafted by a group of experts appointed by the SCD, SCGiG and CAMFiC that agreed on eight statements and recommendations, between them to recommend against performing CS in patients with advanced frailty, to indicate CS only if the benefits clearly outweigh the risks in moderate frailty and to avoid repeating CS in patients with a previous normal procedure. We also recommended against performing screening CS in patients with moderate or advanced frailty., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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4. There Is No Heaven Under the Pyrenees: 'undocumented' Africans and Workplace in Spain in Construcción, ¿trabajo o esclavitud? and Dormir al raso
- Author
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Lawo-Sukam, Alain
- Subjects
Literature ,Immigrants - Abstract
The present paper utilizes creative writings, to present and theorize the multiple faces of contemporary undocumented African immigrants and hostile work environments in Construcción, ¿trabajo o esclavitud? (2011) by Jordao Manuel Quizembe and El Gheryb, en Dormir al raso (1994). Even though, the mistreatment of Africans in the workplace, as portrayed in novels and films, goes from mild to harsh. I argue that this abuse depends on many factors, among which, the legal status of the worker (documented versus undocumented), the level of education (educated versus non-educated), and above all the country of origin (Maghreb versus Sub-Saharan Africa). I contend that the discrimination of sub-Saharan Africans in the work place is mostly due to the legacy of racism associated with blackness. However, this form of racism is subtle, moving from a “traditional” biological racism to a cultural one. The rejection of North Africans and Moroccans, in particular, is mostly related to the fact that they are historically implicated in the question of Spanish identity. The Moroccan identity becomes symbolically synonymous to the concept of the enemy: The “Moors”.
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- 2024
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5. Real-World clinical, psychosocial and financial burden of atopic dermatitis: results from the Spanish cohort of the MEASURE-AD trial.
- Author
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Silvestre JF, Ruiz-Villaverde R, Pérez-García B, Herranz Pinto P, Domínguez-Cruz JJ, Gentile M, and Izu Belloso RM
- Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent skin diseases, but there are numerous knowledge gaps surrounding the impact this disease has on quality of life (QoL), mental health, and out-of-pocket expenses involved in the management of AD. The available scientific evidence on the multidimensional burden of AD is usually based on studies with measures reported by patients themselves., Methods: In this context, the MEASURE-AD trial was developed as a cross-sectional, multicenter, multinational trial using patient- and physician-reported measures to characterize the multidimensional burden of AD in adults with moderate-to-severe AD., Results: This paper presents the results of the Spanish cohort. We found that Spanish adults with moderate-to-severe AD and high EASI score (21.1-72) had a significantly increased disease burden, high severity of symptoms such as itch and sleep disturbances, impaired mental health and QoL, higher use of health care resources, and more out-of-pocket expenses than patients with low EASI scores (0-7 or 7.1-21)., Conclusions: This study provides information to better understand disease burden, and identify aspects to be improved in the management of AD., (Copyright © 2024 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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6. [Characteristics of cardiologist training in Latin America: a survey of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology].
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Lerech E, Carrión-Arcela JP, Scatularo CE, Cueva-Torres F, Antoniolli M, Núñez-Méndez R, García-Zamora S, Sosa-Liprandi Á, Baranchuk A, and Zaidel EJ
- Abstract
Objectives: Describe the characteristics of the different cardiology medical residencies in Latin America., Method: Cross-sectional study that aims to evaluate the characteristics of cardiology residencies in Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America, through self-administered electronic surveys., Results: Three hundred seven residents of 147 residences were surveyed. Mean age was 31 years and 63% were male. Ninety eight percent carry out their training in the capital city. The average total training time is 4.8 years. Forty four percent complete their residency in internal medicine prior to starting cardiology, and 10% have no prior training. In cardiology training is 3 years in most countries. Fifty four percent present academic activities every day and 16% only once or less, consisting of theoretical classes (93%), clinical cases (85%), bibliographic workshops (69%), and writing scientific papers (68%). Supervision is carried out by the chief resident (45%), resident coordinator (44%), resident instructor (27%) or the department head (54%), while 2.6% do not present supervision. The main rotations were echocardiography (99%), hemodynamics (96%), coronary unit (93%), and electrophysiology (92%). Residents highlighted the need to improve academic activities (23%) and scientific production (12%)., Conclusions: There are important differences in the academic and practical training between the residences of the different countries of America.
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- 2024
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7. Lung Function and Symptoms of Exposure to the Volcanic Eruption in the Canary Islands: First Follow-Up of the ASHES Study.
- Author
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Candal-Pedreira C, Díaz-Pérez D, Velasco V, Casanova C, Acosta O, Peces-Barba G, Barreiro E, Cañas A, Castaño A, Cruz Carmona MJ, Diego C, Garcia-Aymerich J, Martínez C, Molina-Molina M, Muñoz X, Sánchez-Íñigo FJ, and Ruano-Ravina A
- Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to gases and particulate matter released during volcanic eruptions can prove harmful to population health. This paper reports the preliminary results of the ASHES study, aimed at ascertaining the respiratory health effects of the 2021 volcanic eruption in La Palma Island (Spain) on the adult population without previous respiratory disease., Methods: Ambispective cohort study on the healthy adult population. Three exposure groups were considered: Group 1, high exposure; Group 2, moderate exposure; and Group 3, minor or no exposure. We carried out a descriptive analysis of symptoms during and after the eruption, as well as measure lung function after the eruption (through forced spirometry and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide)., Results: The analysis included 474 subjects: 54 in Group 1, 335 in Group 2, and 85 in Group 3. A significant increase in most symptoms was observed for subjects in the groups exposed during the eruption. After the eruption, this increase remained for some symptoms. There seems to be a dose-response relationship, such that the higher the exposure, the higher the odds ratio. A prebronchodilator FEV
1 /FVC ratio<70% was observed in 13.0% of subjects in Group 1, 8.6% of subjects in Group 2, and 7.1% of subjects in Group 3., Conclusions: This study is the first to report a dose-response relationship between exposure to volcanic eruptions and the presence of symptoms in adults. Furthermore, there is a tendency toward obstructive impairment in individuals with higher exposure., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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8. Exposure to UV Radiation in Lifeguards on Barcelona's Beaches: An Underestimated Occupational Risk.
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Giavedoni P, Combalia A, Espinosa N, Aguilera J, and Puig S
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- Spain epidemiology, Humans, Bathing Beaches, Skin Neoplasms etiology, Skin Neoplasms prevention & control, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology, Seasons, Vitamin D biosynthesis, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Ultraviolet Rays adverse effects, Occupational Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: The development of skin cancer is closely related to high exposure to UV radiation. Lifeguards are at an increased risk of excessive sun exposure., Objectives: The main objective of this study was to measure the exposure of Barcelona's beach lifeguards to UV radiation., Methods: Measurements in the work chair were taken every 30min on a typical working day from 10:45 am to 19:15 pm. These measurements were carried out on four different days. These data were used to calculate the erythematous doses received during working hours, as well as those potentially received throughout the summer season. Vitamin D production was also estimated for the four days that the radiation received was measured, and the amount generated was calculated for the entire summer season., Results: Exposure to UV radiation among Barcelona lifeguards far exceeds safety limits. In some locations, the exposure to UVB radiation is more than 16 times the minimum erythematous dose for phototype II skin., Limitations: This study assessed the radiation received during only four days. However, is a much higher number than most of the published papers., Conclusion: Although the health risks of excessive exposure to UV radiation are known, Barcelona's beach lifeguards are insufficiently protected., (Copyright © 2023 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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9. [Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of patients with pre-existing psychopathology].
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Hillers-Rodríguez R, San Vicente-Cano A, Portabales-Barreiro L, and Madoz-Gúrpide A
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- Humans, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Spain epidemiology, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Pandemics, Prevalence, Aged, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Depression epidemiology, Mental Health, Anxiety epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: Several studies stated greater impact on mental health among psychiatric population during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this paper was to study the pandemic effects more than a year after its outbreak on the mental state of adult patients with pre-existing psychopathology attending a Mental Health Center in Madrid (Spain)., Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with a sample of fifty-eight patients using a questionnaire that collected different descriptive variables. Results of the PHQ-9 Depression Scale, the GAD-7 Anxiety Scale, the IES-R Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the Clinical Global Impression scale CGI-GI, and the assessment of the professionals responsible for the patients about their clinical state were also collected. A descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression models were performed., Results: There was a prevalence of 70% anxiety, 76% depression and 57% stress due to a stressful event more than one year after the start of the pandemic. Likewise, associations were found between the symptoms and certain clinical, mediating variables and gender., Conclusions: The psychological state of patients with pre-existing psychopathology attended at the Mental Health Center is negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic up to a year and a half after its onset., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
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- 2024
10. Literature review on sexuality in the elderly: What is being taught and with what technologies.
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Acevedo Ayala J, Solari Del Sol A, Arroyo Concha M, and Tirreau Román D
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- Humans, Aged, Health Personnel, Attitude, Learning, Sexual Behavior, Sexuality
- Abstract
Chile is facing an increasingly aging population and, with it, changes in its demographic, epidemiological, and healthcare structure. As a result, the sexual health of the elderly is an emerging area at the social level and in healthcare systems. This research aims to identify general aspects of sexuality in the elderly and learn about educational content delivered to this group using digital technologies. To do this, we proposed a review of scientific literature on the subject between January 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2022, in the databases Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The articles found, and the emerging information was analyzed. A total of 1573 articles were found, of which 21 papers were finally included, 11 with qualitative methodology, six quantitative, and four mixed. In addition, nine addressed the area of sexuality, and 12 focused on technological innovations for the elderly. Sexuality is a growing topic worldwide, carrying with it sociocultural beliefs associated with dogmatic opinions and myths, with discrimination against this age group, especially if they belong to sexual minorities. This group also has better access to new digital technologies that facilitate access to training, social integration, and timely healthcare. Scientific evidence shows that the sexuality of the elderly is a topic of global interest, invisibilized, with low education and training of healthcare workers. The latter are neither informed nor able to solve the reasons for consultation in the traditional way or with new digital health technologies., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with the subject matter of this article., (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
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- 2024
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