Search

This article investigates how certain doctoral practices come to count as scandalous and with what effects on universities. To do so, it engages with a number of recent media allegations [...]

Reaction of iodosobenzene and trimethylsilyl chlorosulfonate followed by removal of the solvent and trimethylchlorosilane gives phenyliodosulfate. This can be used without further purification to prepare cyclic sulfates from alkenes, including vinylsilanes. Previous results have shown that if the trimethylchlorosilane is not removed, sulfones are formed and a possible explanation of this behaviour is given. Key words: silicon, vinylsilanes, cyclic sulfate, phenyliodosulfate.

The iron bioavailability from three typical diets consumed by socioeconomic stratum IV (SES IV - working class) of the Venezuelan population was determined by the extrinsic label method. Although the iron content of the SES IV diets was about the same (250 [[micro]mol]/d) as that of upper (SES I-III) and lower (SES V) socioeconomic strata diets, iron-replete subjects absorbed 43 and 61% more iron from the SES I-III diets than from the SES IV and V diets, respectively, and absorption from the main meal of the SES I-III diets was 100% greater. However, iron deficient subjects absorbed about the same amount of iron (45 [[micro]mol]/d) from the SES IV diets as from the SES I-III diets. The SES I-III diets contained more iron absorption enhancers (ascorbic acid and meat protein) and less of the inhibitor phytate, than the SES IV and V diets. Iron absorption from the meals of four diets consumed at different times during the day was also measured. There was no significant difference in the percentage iron absorption from the same meals eaten in the morning after an overnight fast, and when eaten at the customary time of day. INDEXING KEY WORDS: absorption; Venezuela; humans; iron; diet

The active component of natural oil of wintergreen, used to relieve muscular pain, is methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (methyl salicylate). It is most commonly available in solution with vegetable oil. It is possible to extract the active ingredient from the vegetable oil and hydrolyse it to give 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid), better known as aspirin. A project to turn oil of wintergreen into aspirin is presented.

The European Environment Agency (EEA) and environment indicators provide a comprehensive tool with which the integration of environmental considerations into European Union energy policy is assessed. The results show that in many areas of environmental integration there is some success, but overall progress is insufficient.

Byline: Peter G. Taylor, Hitendra Pillay, John A. Clarke The emerging knowledge-based society is transforming pedagogical practices in the post-compulsory education sector. One feature of this transformation is the substantial investment in new learning environments (NLEs), characterised by decreasing use of face-to-face teaching and a corresponding increase in use of information and communication technologies. While the rapid evolution of NLEs has been driven by economic/commercial forces and technological advances, and advocates claim enhanced learning outcomes, there is little critical understanding of how this is achieved or manifested. This paper reports empirically-based research that is seeking to develop a grounded understanding, from the learners' perspective, of the effects of participation in NLEs. The research site is an Australian purpose-built flexible learning mode university campus where web-based resources augment on-campus face-to-face activities. The research design involves a three-year longitudinal study of students, tracking their developmental patterns in perceptions, attitudes and beliefs. Data collection involves annual measures of learning approaches, perceptions of learning environments and epistemological reflections, along with biannual group interviews. Outcomes of aspects of the first year data are reported, highlighting patterns in students' reactions not evident in previous literature and which have potentially significant pedagogical implications.