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Purpose The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the context and disclosure of sexual assault among sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals. Method Survey responses from SGM college students completing the 2020-2021 Healthy Minds Study who reported a sexual assault (N = 73) were included. Results Descriptive analyses revealed most sexual assaults occurred on campus (63.0%), involved alcohol (64.4%), and were perpetrated by a man (91.7%) who was a friend (27.4%), acquaintance (24.7%), or stranger (21.9%). Further, most participants (78.1%) had disclosed their sexual assault, and no differences in rates of disclosure were seen as a function of sexual orientation or gender identity. Participants commonly disclosed to a friend (68.5%), roommate (27.4%), or romantic partner (21.9%). Fewer participants disclosed if assaulted by a family member, casual or first date, or current romantic partner, compared to assaults perpetrated by strangers, acquaintances, co-workers, or a friend. Finally, most participants who used alcohol (70.0%) during the assault or were sexually assaulted through physical force (66.7%), disclosed. Conclusion Findings indicate most SGM survivors of sexual assault disclose to an informal support system, highlighting a need for additional research on the potential utility of peer education approaches for responding to sexual assault disclosure on campuses. Given the role of alcohol in sexual assault experiences reported in this sample, future research may benefit from utilizing intensive longitudinal designs to examine the temporal relationship between alcohol use and sexual assault in order to better inform intervention and prevention efforts that concurrently focus on alcohol use and sexual assault., Author(s): Lauren R. Grocott [sup.1] , Benjamin W. Katz [sup.1] , Emily A. Muñoz [sup.1] , Katie M. Edwards [sup.2] , Ryan C. Shorey [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/031q21x57, grid.267468.9, [...]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent and serious public health problem. Alcohol use and misuse is one of the most well-known antecedents of IPV perpetration. However, minimal research examined whether alcohol use increases the risk for IPV perpetration among individuals who identify as a sexual minority (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, or another non-heterosexual identity [LGB+]). This is particularly concerning given that rates of IPV and alcohol use are as high, if not higher, in LGB+ populations relative to their heterosexual peers. In this article we provide a brief review of existing alcohol-related IPV research among LGB+ populations, advance an integrated model of alcohol-related IPV perpetration among LGB+ populations, and discuss avenues for future research on this topic. Our review identified limited research on alcohol-related IPV perpetration among LGB+ populations, with no longitudinal or event level research on this topic. Incorporating tenets of minority stress models with models of alcohol-related IPV (i.e., I.sup.3 and Alcohol Myopia Theory), we propose an integrated theory of alcohol-related IPV perpetration among LGB+ populations. Based on the limited information available in the literature, our integrated theoretical model suggests several avenues for future research on alcohol-related IPV perpetration among LGB+ populations. We discuss these future areas for research and the importance of incorporating sexual minority stress frameworks into these investigations., Author(s): Ryan C. Shorey [sup.1] , Gregory L. Stuart [sup.2] , Meagan J. Brem [sup.2] , Dominic J. Parrott [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 0695 7223, grid.267468.9, Department of [...]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is overrepresented among men in substance use treatment. Individuals who relapse following substance use treatment report greater IPV perpetration relative to individuals who remain remitted. In addition, distress tolerance has been shown to be an important treatment target in substance use treatment, with distress tolerance predicting relapse following treatment. However, we are unaware of any research that has examined the relationship between distress tolerance and IPV among men in substance use treatment, which may hold important treatment implications. The current study therefore examined this relationship in a sample of men in substance use treatment (N = 138). Results demonstrated that distress tolerance was negatively associated with physical and psychological IPV perpetration. After controlling for age and substance use and problems, distress tolerance remained associated with psychological, but not physical, IPV perpetration. These findings suggest that distress tolerance may be an important component of treatments for IPV, particularly for psychological aggression. Substance use treatment programs that target distress tolerance may concurrently reduce the risk for relapse to substance use and IPV perpetration., Author(s): Ryan C. Shorey [sup.1] , Catherine Strauss [sup.1] , JoAnna Elmquist [sup.2] , Scott Anderson [sup.3] , Tara L. Cornelius [sup.4] , Gregory L. Stuart [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) [...]

Clear evidence indicates that college women perpetrate physical dating violence at rates similar to or higher than men. However, programs focused on preventing physical dating violence perpetration by women are scarce. We propose that the misperception that physical perpetration is a male-dominated problem contributes to this lack of emphasis on preventing women's physical violence. We believe that failing to focus on programming that targets women's perpetration further contributes to the misperception that men are the primary perpetrators of violence and limits our prevention efforts. We suggest possible solutions to address this misperception and aid in the implementation of female-inclusive violence programming., Author(s): Ryan C. Shorey[sup.1] , Catherine V. Strauss[sup.1] , Ellen Haynes[sup.1] , Tara L. Cornelius[sup.2] , Gregory L. Stuart[sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Psychology, Ohio University, 239 Porter Hall, [...]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent problem, as it is bidirectional and perpetrated by both men and women. Emotion dysregulation may influence IPV perpetration among men and women. This cross-sectional survey study of 598 college students investigated the associations between two important factors related to IPV perpetration: gender and emotion dysregulation. Findings illustrated an association between emotion dysregulation and IPV perpetration. The bivariate association between physical violence and one facet of emotion dysregulation differed by gender, such that lack of emotional awareness was associated with violence perpetrated by women, but not men; however, this was not supported in multivariate analyses. These preliminary findings suggest that future work should examine how different emotion regulation deficits may increase IPV by gender., Author(s): Chloe F. Bliton[sup.1] , Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger[sup.1] , Heather Zapor[sup.1] , JoAnna Elmquist[sup.1] , Meagan J. Brem[sup.1] , Ryan C. Shorey[sup.2] , Gregory L. Stuart[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of [...]

Violence in college student dating relationships is a prevalent problem. However, little research has examined stalking, behaviors that have most commonly been examined after relationship termination, not within intact relationships. The purpose of the present study was to descriptively examine the prevalence and frequency of various stalking behaviors among male and female college students in a current dating relationship (N = 650). Results demonstrated that the prevalence of some stalking behaviors were as high as 38 % in the previous 6 months. Additionally, out of 15 potential stalking behaviors, men and women only differed on the frequency of one stalking behavior (leaving unwanted items for a partner). Findings demonstrate that stalking behaviors are relatively common among college students in dating relationships., Author(s): Ryan C. Shorey[sup.1] , Tara L. Cornelius[sup.2] , Catherine Strauss[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Psychology Department, Ohio University, 239 Porter Hall, 45701, Athens, OH, USA (2) Psychology Department, Grand Valley [...]

Recent research has begun to examine whether participants in dating violence studies perceive any benefit from the research and/or experience emotional distress as a result of having participated. Such information is important for Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) and researchers in determining ethical and appropriate protections for participants. In the current study, we examined participants' reactions to answering questions on dating violence victimization and perpetration utilizing a sample of female college students (N=282). We also examined whether distress tolerance was associated with research reactions and moderated the relation between reports of victimization/perpetration and negative emotional reactions to the research. Findings demonstrated that negative emotional reactions to the research did not differ between individuals with or without previous dating violence. Further, distress tolerance had a main effect, but not a moderating effect, on negative emotional reactions to research participation. Implications of these findings for future research and IRBs are discussed. Keywords Dating violence * Victimization * Research reactions * Distress tolerance, Dating violence is a prevalent problem among young adults. Research on dating violence has increased substantially in recent years, which has led to a better understanding of the causes and [...]

The problem of male perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV) is widespread. In an effort to identify risk factors for perpetrating IPV, researchers have examined mental health problems among perpetrators. However, the majority of research in this area has examined personality psychopathology and/or limited their investigation to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression. Thus, the present study examined self-reported Axis I psychopathology among men arrested for domestic violence (N = 308). Results replicated past research showing high rates of PTSD and depression. In addition, the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social phobia, and alcohol and drug disorders were very high. All types of mental health problems were positively associated with aggression perpetration. Males meeting probable diagnostic classification reported significantly more frequent aggression than males not meeting diagnostic classification, even after controlling for social desirability. Directions for future research and implications of these findings are discussed. Keywords Domesticviolence * Aggression * Mentalhealth * Social desirability, Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread problem. Every year over 20% of women will experience at least one act of physical or sexual aggression from a male partner (Tjaden [...]

Previous research has suggested that the occurrence of dating violence is influenced by various motivations, including self-defense. While some data have suggested that females are more likely to use physical aggression in self-defense, assessment measures of self-defense have been limited in several notable ways, hindering efforts at fully understanding the myriad of reasons contributing to self-defensive aggression. The current study sought to examine motivations for physical aggression among male and female college students using a contextual self-report measure of self-defensive aggression designed specifically for the current study. Results showed that numerous motivations for physical aggression were endorsed by both males and females and, contrary to expectations, females were not more likely to use aggression in self-defense. Implications of these findings for future research and dating violence prevention programming are discussed. Keywords: dating; aggression; violence; self-defense; domestic violence DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.25.5.662

Communication behaviors, while extensively studied within the marital field, have received only peripheral attention in violent dating relationships. The purpose of this research was to better establish empirical continuity between the marital and dating literatures by exploring communication variables that have been identified in marital relationships broadly and their self-reported manifestation in violent dating relationships. Using Gottman's (1999) marital communication conceptualization, individuals were assessed on adaptive and maladaptive communication variables and relationship aggression. Results suggested that negative communication behaviors were associated with, and predicted, aggression in participants' dating relationships, consistent with findings from the marital literature. However, repair attempts, generally considered an adaptive communication behavior, predicted aggression victimization. Implications and how these data fit within the context of recent research on positive marital communication behaviors are explored. Keywords Partner abuse * Dating * Communication skills, Intimate partner violence (IPV) has long been an area of inquiry for researchers, particularly violence that occurs in the context of marital relationships (Frye and Karney 2006). While this area [...]