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Hybrid Meeting "2nd GNSS Polarimetric Radio Occultations User Workshop" What: Over 80 people from 14 countries, 3 continents, and over 40 different affiliations, from government agencies, research centers, universities, and the commercial space sector, discussed the status of the polarimetric radio occultation technique and applications being developed from the current and future observations, with focus on its use for and in numerical weather prediction modeling. When: 28-29 November 2023 Where: Hybrid, at the Keck Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. Co-organized by JPL and ICE-CSIC/IEEC. KEYWORDS: Atmosphere; Cloud microphysics; Convective-scale processes; Thermodynamics; Numerical weather prediction/ forecasting; Convective parameterization, 1. Introduction Conventional radio occultations (ROs) track the phase delay induced by water vapor and air density gradients in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals as they propagate through Earth's [...]

Medscape CME Activity In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is jointly accredited with commendation [...]

Introduction Taken to its idealistic extent, the American legal system is designed to provide relief from harms through an efficient, effective, and fair process. (1) It is designed to weigh [...]

Objectives Few studies have elucidated the impact of work-related trauma on labor and delivery clinician or considered whether it may be a cause of burnout. This study aims to elicit labor and delivery clinician perspectives on the impact of exposure to traumatic births on their professional quality of life. Methods Labor and delivery clinicians (physicians, midwives, nurse practitioners, and nurses; n = 165) were recruited to complete an online questionnaire on experiences with traumatic births. The questionnaire contained measures from the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the professional quality of life scale version 5. Some participants completed an optional free-text prompt to recommend ways to support clinicians after traumatic births (n = 115). Others opted into a semi-structured phone interview (n = 8). Qualitative data was analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Results Self-reported adequate institutional support for clinicians after a traumatic birth was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction (r = 0.21, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with secondary traumatic stress (r = - 0.27, p < 0.01), and burnout (r = - 0.26, p < 0.01). Qualitative themes included lack of system-wide and leadership support, lack of access to mental health resources, and suboptimal workplace culture as contributors toward secondary traumatic stress and burnout. Participants recommended proactive leadership, consistent debriefing protocols, trauma education, and improved access to counseling. Conclusions for Practice Multi-level barriers prevented labor and delivery clinicians from accessing needed mental health support after exposure to traumatic births. Proactive investment in healthcare system supports for clinicians may improve clinician professional quality of life., Author(s): Lulu Xu [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.8] , Grace A. Masters [sup.1] [sup.2] , Tiffany A. Moore Simas [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] [sup.7] , Aaron L. Bergman [sup.1] [sup.5] , Nancy [...]

Since May 6, 2022, mpox (formerly monkeypox) cases have been reported across the globe. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 85,115 confirmed mpox cases and 182 [...]

A COVID-19 vaccine booster dose is intended to boost the immune system for better, long-lasting protection when the primary vaccine response decreases over time. Studies have shown that a booster [...]

The Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) is a widely-used measure of psychological masculinity, femininity, and androgyny (Bem in Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 196-205, 1977 (See CR12)). Psychological androgyny is correlated with a host of positive outcomes, including self-esteem (Buckley and Carter in Sex Roles, 53, 647-661, 2005 (See CR22)) and social adjustment (Markstrom-Adams in Sex Roles, 21, 325-340, 1989 (See CR57)). However, little work has explored how gender role orientation relates to overall and risky health behaviors in college students. This study was designed to examine the potential pathways among gender role orientation, adaptability, and health behaviors in a sample of emerging adults. The sample included 199 students (mean age = 19.7 years) recruited from a mid-sized regional university in the Southwest U.S. Participants completed an online survey that included measures of gender role orientation, adaptability, physical health, and risky health behaviors. Quantitative analyses revealed that higher levels of masculinity and femininity predicted more positive health behaviors among both college men and women. Implications for emerging adult populations are discussed., Author(s): Stephanie Laura Masters [sup.1] , Amy Roberson Hayes [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411015.0, 0000 0001 0727 7545, Institute of Social Science Research, The University of Alabama, , Tuscaloosa, AL, [...]

Psychologists in Aotearoa are frequently tasked with addressing the adverse outcomes of childhood maltreatment and family harm perpetration. Opportunities for hope and healing proffered by Indigenous practices are under-utilised in mainstream psychology. Through purposeful sampling, 16 semi-structured interviews with adult perpetrators of family harm were undertaken, seeking to explore the relationship with experiences of childhood maltreatment. This paper focuses on the interviews provided by 8 Maori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa) participants. Findings revealed two main themes entitled 'Culture of Silence' and 'Pathways to Wellbeing'. The wahine (women, n=4) and tane (men, n=4) described being isolated and silenced by adults within their home and community settings. The culture of silence was pervasive, as evident in the lack of inter-agency communication, further silencing Maori voices. Cultural beliefs and healing practices helped interrupt the intergenerational transmission of trauma and family harm. Three core concepts emerged as key to stopping family harm and helping heal adverse trauma outcomes as identified in the words of the participants: Wairua (spiritual connection), Pou (becoming a symbol of strength and support for self and others), and Turangawaewae (finding a sense of belonging). The findings are in unison with previous research highlighting the multiple pathways to wellbeing Indigenous knowledge and practice provide to stop the intergenerational transmission of trauma and violence. Keywords: Childhood maltreatment; family harm; intergenerational trauma and violence; Indigenous psychology., Introduction The adverse effects of family harm reverberate through individuals, families, communities, and generations in multiple and detrimental ways (Kahui & Snively, 2014; Goddard & Pooley, 2019; Lambie, 2018). For [...]

We investigated radial growth of post oak (Quercus stellata Wangenh.) growing in a range of stand structures (forest to savanna) created in 1984 by different harvesting, thinning, and prescribed fire intervals. We related ring width index (RWI) to monthly and seasonal climate variables and time since fire to assess impacts of climate variability and interactions with management on radial growth. The RWI of all treatments was positively correlated to minimum daily temperature the previous September and precipitation late spring and early summer the current year, and negatively correlated to maximum daily temperatures and drought index late spring--early summer. June weather was most strongly correlated in four of five treatments. While stand structure affected absolute diameter growth, the RWI of savanna and forest stands responded similarly to climate variability, and low intensity prescribed fire did not influence RWI. On average, a 100 mm reduction in June precipitation decreased RWI by 7%, a 1 [degrees]C increase in previous-year September daily minimum temperature increased RWI by 3.5%, and a 1 [degrees]C increase in June maximum daily temperature decreased RWI by 3.7%. Therefore, negative effects of drought and warmer spring and summer temperatures may be reduced by a longer growing season under warmer climate scenarios. However, management did not appear to influence RWI. Key words: dendrochronology, climate, drought, radial growth, fire frequency. Nous avons etudie la croissance radiale du chene etoile (Quercus stellata Wangenh.) croissant dans une variete de structures de peuplement (forets a savanes) creees en 1984 apres avoir applique differents traitements d'eclaircie et de recolte suivis de differents intervalles entre des brulages diriges. Nous avons relie l'indice de largeur des cernes (ILC) aux variables climatiques mensuelles et saisonnieres ainsi qu'au temps ecoule depuis le feu pour evaluer les impacts de la variation du climat et des interactions avec l'amenagement sur la croissance radiale. Dans tous les traitements l'ILC etait positivement correle a la temperature minimale quotidienne au mois de septembre de l'annee precedente ainsi qu'a la precipitation a la fin du printemps et au debut de l'ete de l'annee en cours, et negativement correle a la temperature maximale quotidienne et a l'indice de secheresse a la fin du printemps et au debut de l'ete. Les variables meteorologiques du mois de juin etaient le plus etroitement correlees dans quatre des cinq traitements. Tandis que la structure du peuplement influenqait la croissance absolue en diametre, l'ILC des peuplements de forets et de savanes reagissait de faqon similaire a la variation du climat et le brulage dirige de faible intensite n'influenqait pas l'ILC. En moyenne, une diminution de la precipitation de 100 mm en juin a provoque une reduction de l'ILC de 8 %; une augmentation de la temperature minimale quotidienne de 1 [degrees]C en septembre de l'annee precedente a entraine une augmentation de l'ILC de 3,5 %; et une augmentation de la temperature maximale quotidienne de 1 [degrees]C en juin a cause une reduction de l'ILC de 3,7 %. Par consequent, les effets negatifs de la secheresse et des temperatures plus chaudes au printemps et a l'ete pourraient etre attenues par des saisons de croissance plus longues sous des scenarios climatiques plus chauds. Cependant, l'amenagement n'a pas semble influencer l'ILC. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: dendrochronologie, secheresse, largeur des cernes annuels, bois annuel, frequence des feux., Introduction Radial growth is an indicator of past climate variability that can be used to predict future climate change impacts on tree growth and ecosystem dynamics (Cullen et al. 2001; [...]

Species can alleviate competition by reducing diet overlap. Non-native coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) and historically native gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) have expanded their ranges and may compete with native red foxes (Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)). To examine potential competition among canids in Maine, USA, we compared [[delta].sup.13]C and [[delta].sup.15]N from muscle and hair samples to assess relative resource use, and we compared frequency of occurrence of prey items from stomach contents to assess diets. For these species, red foxes consumed anthropogenically based foods the most in fall and early winter, gray foxes consumed anthropogenically based foods the most in summer, and coyotes consumed anthropogenically based foods the least in all seasons. Coyotes held the highest relative trophic position in fall and early winter, red foxes held the highest relative trophic position in summer, and gray foxes held the lowest relative trophic position. Based on stomach contents, gray foxes had the broadest diet and consumed the most plants, and coyotes had the narrowest diet. Red foxes were the only species to show isotopic niche overlap with both potential competitors across seasons. Thus, they may be most susceptible to competitive exclusion among these canids, with implications for community dynamics as ranges shift due to human activity. Key words: Canis latrans, coexistence, competition, coyote, diet analysis, red fox, gray fox, stable isotopes, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Vulpes vulpes. Certaines espèces peuvent limiter leur concurrence en réduisant le chevauchement de leurs régimes alimentaires. Les coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) non indigènes et les renards gris (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) historiquement indigènes ont élargi leurs aires de répartition et pourraient être en concurrence avec des renards roux (Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)) indigènes. Afin d'examiner la concurrence potentielle entre canidés dans le Maine (Etats-Unis), nous avons comparé le [[delta].sup.13]C et le [[delta].sup.15]N d'échantillons de muscle et de poil afin d'évaluer l'utilisation relative des ressources et nous avons comparé la fréquence de présence d'éléments de proies dans les contenus stomacaux pour évaluer les régimes alimentaires de ces canidés. De ces espèces, les renards roux sont ceux qui consomment le plus d'aliments d'origine humaine à l'automne et au début de l'hiver, les renards gris en consommant le plus en été et les coyotes en consommant le moins toutes les saisons. Les coyotes occupent la position trophique relative la plus élevée à l'automne et au début de l'hiver, les renards roux l'occupant à l'été et les renards gris occupant la position trophique relative la plus basse. À la lumière des contenus stomacaux, les renards gris présentent le régime alimentaire le plus large et consomment le plus de plantes et les coyotes présentent le régime alimentaire le plus étroit. Les renards roux constituent la seule espèce dont la niche isotopique chevauche celles de ses deux concurrents potentiels toutes les saisons et pourraient donc constituer, de ces canidés, l'espèce la plus susceptible de subir une exclusion concurrentielle, avec des conséquences sur la dynamique des communautés au fil des modifications des aires de répartition causées par l'activité humaine. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : Canis latrans, coexistence, concurrence, coyote, analyse du régime alimentaire, renard roux, renard gris, isotopes stables, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Vulpes vulpes., Introduction To reduce costs of competition and promote coexistence, species may partition resources by choosing different prey items and adjusting diets seasonally (Palomares and Caro 1999; Neale and Sacks 2001). [...]

Introduction From the structure of DNA, (1) to computer science, (2) and space-station batteries, (3) several key scientific discoveries that enhance our lives today were made by marginalized scientists. These [...]

As the FIFA president handed out medals to the US Women's National Team for its fourth World Cup victory, the crowd broke out in an unusual chant. (1) Instead of [...], In the months leading up to its latest World Cup win, the US Women&apos;s National Team sued its parent organization over income inequality in US soccer. Statements from high-profile players, like Megan Rapinoe and Alex Morgan, contributed to a national conversation about the gender pay gap that exists not just in soccer but across many professions. The claims of the Women&apos;s Team should make for a perfect Equal Pay Act claim, but all signs point to a loss. Instead, the women are far more likely to succeed on their claim arising under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, despite the lack of evidence showing that the pay discrepancy is the result of discrimination. This Note examines the claims brought and how they highlight the inadequacy of the Equal Pay Act. The world&apos;s best women&apos;s soccer team isn&apos;t being paid equally with its far-less-successful male counterpart; if the women&apos;s team can&apos;t make out a successful Equal Pay Act claim, who can? This Note urges amending the Equal Pay Act in a few key ways to ensure that women are paid equally to men when performing the same work. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Underpaying the World&apos;s Premier Women&apos;s Soccer Team: How Did We Get Here? 897 A. Background of the US Women&apos;s National Team and Its Suit Against the US Soccer Federation 898 B. The USSF&apos;s Arguments 900 C. History of the Equal Pay Act 902 D. History of Title VII 904 II. USWNT V. USSF: A 50-50 Ball 906 A. Title VII Claim 907 1. Making Out a Title VII Claim 907 2. The USWNT&apos;s Title VII Case 909 B. Equal Pay Act Claim 913 1. Making Out an Equal Pay Act Claim 913 2. The USWNT&apos;s Equal Pay Act Claim 914 III. A New Play: Amending the EPA 918 IV. Conclusion 921

Background and Objectives Indigenous Respiratory Outreach Care (IROC) is a culturally appropriate specialist respiratory service established to deliver multidisciplinary respiratory care to regional and remote Queensland communities. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of an outreach specialist respiratory service on the spirometry of children attending IROC clinics, particularly Indigenous children with asthma and bronchiectasis. Methods Retrospective single-arm cohort study of 189 children who performed spirometry at twelve sites across regional and remote Queensland between October 2010 and December 2017. Each child's baseline spirometry was compared to their best spirometry at follow-up visit occurring within (1) 12 months of their most recent visit with at least 12 months of specialist care and; (2) each year of their first 3 years of care. Results Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV.sub.1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores improved significantly across the whole group from baseline to follow-up (change in z-scores ([DELTA]z) of FEV.sub.1 = 0.38, 95% CI 0.22, 0.53; [DELTA]zFVC = 0.36, 95% CI 0.21, 0.51). In subgroup analyses, lung function significantly improved in Indigenous children (n = 141, [DELTA]zFEV.sub.1 = 0.37, 95% CI 0.17, 0.57; [DELTA]zFVC = 0.36, 95% CI 0.17, 0.55) including those with asthma (n = 117, [DELTA]zFEV.sub.1 = 0.41, 95% CI 0.19, 0.64; [DELTA]zFVC = 0.46, 95% CI 0.24, 0.68) and bronchiectasis (n = 38, [DELTA]zFEV.sub.1 = 0.33, 95% CI 0.07, 0.59; [DELTA]zFVC = 0.26, 95% CI - 0.03, 0.53). Significant improvements in FEV.sub.1 and FVC were observed within the first and second year of follow-up for Indigenous children, but not for non-Indigenous children. Conclusion The IROC model of care in regional and remote settings leads to significant lung function improvement in Indigenous children with asthma and bronchiectasis., Author(s): Andrew J. Collaro [sup.1] [sup.2] , Anne B. Chang [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] , Julie M. Marchant [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ian B. Masters [sup.1] [sup.2] , Leanne T. Rodwell [...]

Purpose: A speech-specific reinvestment scale (SSRS) is a psychometric measure of the propensity to consciously control and monitor speech production. This study develops and validates an SSRS as well as examines its relationship with speech performance with the moderating effects of trait social anxieties (i.e., social interaction anxiety, public speaking anxiety, and social phobia). Method: Scale development involves the following stages: (a) initial item generation based on relevant literature, (b) item evaluation through cognitive interviews with 24 healthy respondents, (c) scale reliability and validity tests using cross-sectional survey data from 498 healthy respondents, and (d) test-retest reliability assessment using longitudinal survey data from 185 healthy respondents. Respondents' speech performance is quantified using speech examination scores. Hierarchical moderated regression analyses are conducted to examine the moderating effects of trait social anxieties. Results: The validated SSRS comprises 35 items, which can be categorized into four subdimensions, namely, speech movement self-consciousness, public consciousness of speech content, speech manner, and speech movement. Results show that respondents with low trait social anxieties indicate a generally positive relationship between public consciousness of speech movement and speech performance, whereas respondents with high trait social anxieties exhibit a nonsignificant relationship. Conclusions: SSRS offers a reliable and valid method for assessing the predisposition for conscious speech control and monitoring, which plays a role in speech performance and is moderated by an individual's level of trait social anxiety. SSRS is a potential assessment tool for speech-language pathologists to evaluate the impacts of conscious speech control and monitoring on individuals with speech impairment., In psycholinguistic literature (Kormos, 2006; Levelt, 1989; Postma, 2000), speech production is recognized as an outcome of controlled and automatic mental processes, such as conceptualization, lexical selection, word-form encoding, monitoring, [...]