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Research indicates that muscle volume response is not affected by either gender or age in whole-body strength training. Data were obtained from men and women from 20 to 30 years of age, and 65 to 75 years of age, measuring quadriceps and thigh muscles.

Gender and age responses to strength training and detraining have been studied with the finding that changes in one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength in response to strength training (ST) and detraining are affected by age. ST-induced increases in muscular strength, however, seem to be maintained equally well in young and older males and females in 12 weeks of detraining. They are maintained above baseline levels even after 31 weeks of detraining in young men, young women and older men. One-repetition maximum and isokinetic strength was measured in 18 young and 23 older people before and after unilateral knee extension ST and after detraining periods.